1/44. Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of liver coexisting with chronic thyroiditis: radiographical characteristics of the disorder.BACKGROUND: Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver is an extremely rare entity, with six cases reported so far. methods: We encountered a 47-year-old Japanese female with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver, which coexisted with chronic thyroiditis. The lesion was discovered incidentally as a hypo-echoic mass with a hyper-echoic rim at a routine ultrasonography examination. It increased from 12 to 17 mm diameter in 6 months. Radiological studies, such as contrast-enhanced computerized tomography (CT) and angiography demonstrated a hypervascular lesion. RESULTS: It was consequently diagnosed as a neoplasm with malignant potentiality and she underwent partial hepatectomy. The lesion was composed of small mature lymphocytes which formed prominent lymphoid follicles with germinal centres, scattered plasma cells and stromal fibrosis. Immunohistochemical study revealed polyclonal origins of the involved lymphocytes. dna analysis for the immunoglobulin heavy gene and the T cell receptor beta gene using Southern blot hybridization showed no monoclonality. The following features have characterized the images in past cases, as well as ours: hypo-echoic mass, occasionally with a rim, in ultrasonography and hypervascularity, shown by angiography and enhanced CT.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/44. Chronic herpes simplex virus type I glossitis in an immunocompromised man.herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 (HSV-1) infection of the tongue commonly accompanies acute primary herpetic gingivostomatitis. However, recurrent infection of the tongue is exceptional and is restricted to immunocompromised individuals. A 57-year-old man with corticosteroid-dependent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sciatica presented with a chronic median glossitis due to HSV-1. The main clinical and histological feature was massive necrosis of the entire mucosa. immunohistochemistry demonstrated a considerable amount of HSV gB, gC and gD envelope glycoproteins dispersed in the chorion. In contrast, HSV-1 dna was detected only in a limited number of epithelial cells using in situ hybridization. The extent of necrosis and the pattern of viral dna and envelope protein distribution represent unique features of median herpetic glossitis, which are not found in more common types of HSV infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/44. The role of trisomy 8 in the pathogenesis of chronic eosinophilic leukemia.A case of chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) manifesting as spinal cord compression by an extradural eosinophilic chloroma in a 32-year-old Chinese man was presented, who subsequently developed extramedullary transformation at the skin and then peritoneal cavity. Cytogenetic study of bone marrow cells at diagnosis showed a clonal karyotypic abnormality of trisomy 8 ( 8), which on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was shown to be present in a clone of abnormal eosinophils, hence showing the neoplastic nature of the eosinophilic proliferation. There was another population of abnormal eosinophils that did not show 8. At blastic transformation, all blast cells in ascitic fluid were shown by FISH to harbor 8. These findings suggest that 8 in this case may have arisen from clonal evolution and is not the primary genetic event in leukemogenesis, but 8 most probably imparts a further survival advantage to the clone responsible for subsequent blastic transformation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/44. Vanishing bile duct syndrome associated with chronic EBV infection.We reported here an adult patient with vanishing bile duct syndrome due to chronic EBV infection. A 22-year-old male was admitted to a nearby hospital complaining of a sore throat and jaundice. He received a high dose of prednisolone for bile stasis of acute viral hepatitis. However, the hepatitis did not improve, and he was transferred to our hospital. He had exhibited jaundice for one year as well as hemophagocytic syndrome and intestinal perforation. Subtotal intestinal resection was successfully performed. Three follow-up biopsied liver specimens indicated vanishing bile duct syndrome. Positive results of EBV-dna in his serum and mRNA of EBV by in situ hybridization of his liver indicated that massive doses of prednisolone caused chronic EBV infection and vanishing bile duct syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/44. Chronic interstitial lung disease due to Epstein-Barr virus infection in two infants.This case study reports on two infants, 5 and 6 months of age, respectively, with chronic interstitial lung disease who presented with failure to thrive, tachypnoea, rales and mild hypoxaemia. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was detected by in situ hybridization in lung biopsy specimens and by EBV-deoxyribonucleic acid-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in one patient and by in situ hybridization and PCR analysis in BAL fluid in the second patient. There was serological evidence of immunoglobulin g antibodies to EBV capsid antigen by indirect immunofluorescence in both patients. After 7 months of respiratory symptoms one patient was successfully treated with a 10 day course of intravenous ganciclovir followed by oral acyclovir for 20 days. The other patient became symptom free after 3.5 months of respiratory symptoms, without any specific antiviral medication. During a follow-up of 2 and 1.5 yrs, respectively, both infants remained symptom free and showed normal physical development.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/44. vidarabine therapy for severe chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection.PURPOSE: Severe chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (SCAEBV) is an intractable disease with a poor prognosis, and a definitive treatment has not been established. We administered vidarabine to patients with natural killer (NK) cell-type SCAEBV and evaluated clinical and virologic effects. patients AND methods: Four patients with SCAEBV were enrolled in this study. These patients had various symptoms, including fever, chronic hepatitis, hepatosplenomegaly, and hypersensitivity to mosquito bites. All patients had increased numbers of NK cells in their peripheral blood, and most of these were infected with EBV. Viral load was measured by in situ hybridization and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The patients all responded to the therapy, and their symptoms improved. After the therapy, the number of NK cells in their peripheral blood decreased. In two patients who were closely monitored, the viral load measured by in situ hybridization and quantitative PCR decreased in parallel with the symptomatic improvement. After discontinuing this drug, the patient's symptoms returned and the Epstein-Barr virus load increased again. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that vidarabine therapy is a therapeutic choice to control SCAEBV, although its effect may be transient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/44. Differential cellular targets of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection between acute EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and chronic active EBV infection.Unusual Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection into T or natural killer cells plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of acute EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) and chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). The precise frequency and localization of EBV genome in lymphocyte subpopulations especially within T-cell subpopulations are unclear in these EBV-related disorders. This study analyzed the frequency of EBV-infected cells in circulating lymphocyte subpopulations from 4 patients with acute EBV-HLH and 4 with CAEBV. EBV- encoded small rna-1 in situ hybridization examination of peripheral blood lymphocytes showed a significantly higher frequency of EBV-infected cells of 1.0% to 13.4% in EBV-HLH and 1.6% to 25.6% in CAEBV, respectively. The patterns of EBV infection in lymphocyte subpopulations were quite different between acute EBV-HLH and CAEBV. EBV infection was predominant in CD8( ) T cells in all EBV-HLH patients, whereas the dominant EBV-infected cell populations were non-CD8( ) lymphocyte subpopulations in CAEBV patients. Phenotypical analysis revealed that EBV-infected cell populations from both EBV-HLH and CAEBV were activated. There was no predominance of any EBV substrain of latent membrane protein-1, EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA)-1, and EBNA-2 genes between the 2 abnormal EBV-associated disorders, and self-limited acute infectious mononucleosis. These results showing differential virus-cell interactions between acute EBV-HLH and CAEBV indicated different pathogenic mechanisms against EBV infection between the 2 EBV-associated diseases, which accounts for the difference in clinical manifestations between the 2 diseases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/44. Chronic T-cell lymphoproliferative disease expressing natural killer cell receptors: clinicopathological and molecular features.The frequency and clinicopathological significance of the expression of natural killer cell receptors (NKRs) in T-cell malignancies remain undefined. A 71-year-old man presented with leukocytosis, generalized lymphoadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. Bone marrow and lymph node biopsies showed a T-cell lymphoproliferative disease expressing NKRs (CD2( ), CD3( ), CD4( ), CD5( ), CD7( ), CD8(-), CD56(-), CD94( ), CD158a( ), CD158b( ), CD161(-), p70(-), TCRalphabeta(1), TCRgammadelta(2), TIA-1(-)). An abnormal clone, 46,Y,add(X)(p14),der(1)t(1;6)(p33;p21),t(7;12)(p10;q10), was found on conventional karyotyping. comparative genomic hybridization confirmed these findings, and showed a deletion of 12p that was not apparent on karyotyping. Clinically, the disease remained indolent and responded transiently to purine analogs but not to intensive chemotherapy. Peripheral T-cell lymphoproliferative disease of CD4( )alphabeta(1)NKR( ) phenotype is hitherto undescribed. The issues of whether this case was derived from transformation of a rare T-cell subtype or represented aberrant T-cell expression of NK-cell antigens, and the clinicopathologic significance of these T-cell neoplasms warrant further studies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/44. Analysis of the presence of trypanosoma cruzi in the heart tissue of three patients with chronic Chagas' heart disease.It is still unclear to what extent myocarditis-associated, chronic Chagas' heart disease is due to persisting trypanosoma cruzi. In the present study, we have analyzed tissue samples from the hearts of three patients with this disease. in situ hybridization provided little evidence for the presence of intact T. cruzi even at sites of strong inflammation. Nevertheless, micromanipulation techniques detected remnants of both T. cruzi kinetoplast dna and nuclear dna. trypanosoma cruzi dna was also detected in single macrophages dissected directly from frozen heart tissue sections. Thus, this analysis demonstrates that T. cruzi kinetoplast dna and nuclear dna are widely dispersed in the heart tissue, although in low amounts. Since we rarely detected intact T. cruzi parasites during the chronic phase of Chagas' heart disease, we can exclude heart tissue as a major parasite reservoir.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/44. Natural killer cell-type body cavity lymphoma following chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection.We describe a 69-year-old female who developed natural killer cell-type body cavity lymphoma following chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV) infection. Examination of the patient's pleural effusion revealed large abnormal lymphocytes, which were CD2( ), CD7( ), CD30( ), CD56( ), CD3(-), and CD4(-). No rearrangement of T cell receptor genes was detected. Clonal proliferation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected cells in pleural effusion was demonstrated by Southern blot hybridization analysis. Human herpesvirus type-8 (HHV-8) dna was not detected in these cells. The patient achieved a complete remission with combination chemotherapy. Prior to the clinical onset of lymphoma, high fever of unknown origin had persisted for 21 months. IgG antibodies to EBV-viral capsid antigen and to EBV-early antigens, types D and R were not high (1:160 and less than 1:10, respectively). Two months after the onset of fever, however, retrospective quantitative PCR assay revealed a high EBV dna load in plasma, indicating that CAEBV infection had been the cause of the patient's recurrent fever. The remarkable features of this case are (i) the development of lymphoma following CAEBV infection that demonstrated a normal pattern of EBV-specific antibodies, (ii) the development of HHV-8-negative body cavity lymphoma, and (iii) the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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