1/43. optic nerve cysticercosis in the optic canal.The authors present a first case of cysticercosis in the optic canal in a fifteen-year-old female patient. Cysticercosis of the optic nerve is rare. A cyst in the optic canal, beneath the sheath of the optic nerve, has never been reported. The patient presented with rapidly diminishing vision in the left eye, headache and papillitis. A magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic lesion at the entrance of the optic canal. Surgery performed was a transcranial orbitotomy which included deroofing of the optic canal and removal of the cyst from under the sheath of the optic nerve. The cyst proved to be cysticercus histopathologically. The outcome was a remarkable visual recovery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = canal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/43. Intramedullary cysticercosis. Case report, literature review and comments on pathogenesis.A 60-year-old woman developed progressive spastic crural paraplegia and global anesthesia and global anesthesia below T10, succumbing to urinary infection and bronchopneumonia 8 months after the onset of symptoms. At necropsy, the spinal cord was completely destroyed by a necrotic intramedullary cysticercus at T8. Six cysticerci were found in the brain. A review of the 17 published cases of intramedullary cysticercosis (including this one) showed this condition to be clinically indistinguishable from spinal cord tumours. The surgical prognosis was fair in 8 of 11 operated patients. The role of hematogenous and ventriculo-ependymal pathways in the pathogenesis of intramedullary cysticercosis was examined. The topographical distribution of intramedullary cysticerci (5 cervical, 12 thoracic, 2 lumbar, none sacral) was found to be statistically proportional to the blood flow to each of these regions; this favours the hematogenous route of infestation. The low spinal cord blood flow (100 times less than that to the brain), the type of vascularization of the cord (low calibre vessels under low pressure) and peculiarities of the cord tissue (such as its harder consistency) are all thought to be contributory factors accounting for the scarcity of intramedullary cysticerci. No evidence for an ependymal route of spread could be adduced.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 9.1293287312596keywords = spinal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/43. Thoracic intramedullary cysticercosis--two case reports.A 36-year-old male and a 20-year-old male presented with intramedullary cysticercosis in the thoracic spinal cord. magnetic resonance imaging clearly identified the cysts. Surgery was performed to decompress the spinal cord, as both patients had progressive and severe worsening of their neurological condition. Intramedullary cysticercosis can be treated successfully by surgery and/or medical therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.0862191541731keywords = spinal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/43. Extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis: report of five cases and review of management.neurocysticercosis due to parenchymal cysts carries a good prognosis regardless of therapy. Extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis (including ventricular, spinal, and subarachnoid types) carries a poorer prognosis. Most extraparenchymal cases present with hydrocephalus. Medical treatment alone in doses and schedules developed for parenchymal disease is frequently unsuccessful. For ventricular disease, most cases can be managed with shunting procedures either alone or together with the administration of antiparasitic agents (e.g., praziquantel or albendazole), without extirpation of the cysts. Subarachnoid disease was formerly associated with a case fatality rate of about 50%. However, with the combination of shunting procedures for hydrocephalus, antiparasitic agents, and, in some cases, surgical extirpation of the cysts, the prognosis is much improved. Spinal cysticercosis can be either leptomeningeal (which responds like subarachnoid disease) or intramedullary. For all forms of neurocysticercosis, the role of antiparasitic agents needs to be better defined.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.0431095770865keywords = spinal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/43. Lacrimal canalicular obstruction by cysticercus cellulosae.Ocular adnexal infestation in cysticercosis is unusual. A case of lacrimal canalicular obstruction by cysticercus cellulosae in a 35-year-old female is reported. The diagnosis was established by histopathological examination of the cyst, surgically removed from the above patient with a suspected benign neoplasm in the lacrimal passage. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of lacrimal canalicular obstruction by cysticercus cellulosae.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.75keywords = canal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/43. Definition of the role of contemporary surgical management in cisternal and parenchymatous cysticercosis cerebri.With increasing immigration from endemic regions, the incidence of neurocysticercosis in north america is rising. This retrospective study was undertaken to examine the role of surgery in those cases presenting with large cystic parenchymal and cisternal lesions in the current era of anthelminthic agents administered orally. A total of 237 patients presented with newly diagnosed neurocysticercosis to our institution over a recent 5-year period (mean age, 31.2 years). Among those who presented with cystic mass lesions predominantly affecting the brain parenchyma and cisternal spaces, 20 (8.4%; mean age, 40.2 years) with large cystic lesions subsequently underwent surgical intervention, either because of an emergent presentation or because they were refractory to medical management. Clinical presentation included increased intracranial pressure, focal neurological deficit, and seizure. Radiographic imaging (computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging) demonstrated 12 cases with cisternal lesions, 7 with parenchymal lesions, and 1 involving both compartments. Based on imaging guidelines, 30 operative procedures (excluding shunt revisions) were performed (14 craniotomies, 8 cerebrospinal fluid diversions, 7 stereotactic procedures, and 1 burr hole drainage). Fifteen (75%) showed neurological or symptomatic improvement over a median follow-up period of 36.4 months. There were three surgery-related complications and no deaths.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.0431095770865keywords = spinal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/43. Cysticercal meningitis--a pernicious form of neurocysticercosis which responds poorly to praziquantel.Chronic cysticercal meningitis was diagnosed in 6 of 260 cases of neurocysticercosis. Clinical features usually associated with meningitis, such as fever, cranial nerve palsies and nuchal rigidity, were absent and the diagnosis was reached because of persistently abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) associated with active neurocysticercosis on computed tomography. Other causes of chronic meningitis were excluded. hydrocephalus, either obstructive or communicating, was present in all 6 patients. The results of medical treatment with praziquantel were poor and there was no improvement either clinically or in the CSF. Severe clinical sequelae, such as dementia, blindness and gait ataxia, were common despite protracted medical treatment and ventriculoperitoneal shunting.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.0431095770865keywords = spinal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/43. Childhood central nervous system cysticercosis in australia.Cysticercosis of the central nervous system is seen infrequently in australia. Most cases occur in adults, but two imported cases of neurocysticercosis in children are described. A 10-year-old Anglo-Indian girl presented with aseptic meningitis, raised intracranial pressure and a block to the flow of cerebrospinal fluid in the lumbar region. laminectomy showed two cysticerci in the spinal subdural space. A three-year-old boy from zimbabwe suffered a focal seizure. A granuloma that contained a degenerate cysticercus was found in the left parietal cortex. Serological examination of blood for cysticercosis was performed only in the second case and gave negative results. Examination of stools in both children gave negative results for the presence of parasites, cysts and ova.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.0862191541731keywords = spinal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/43. neurocysticercosis and pure motor hemiparesis.A 49-year-old man with meningeal cysticercosis presented with a pure motor hemiparesis. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a capsular infarction and a suprasellar cyst with surrounding arachnoiditis. cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed the diagnosis as it showed positive immunologic reactions to cysticerci. This is the first reported case of pure motor hemiparesis due to a parasitic disease of the central nervous system.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.0431095770865keywords = spinal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/43. Intramedullary spinal cysticercosis. Case report and review of literature.Intramedullary spinal cysticercosis is extremely uncommon; only 29 cases have been reported previously. A case of solitary intramedullary spinal cysticercosis is described. Factors accounting for the rarity of intramedullary cysticerci are reviewed and the probability of reaching a preoperative diagnosis is discussed. This is the fifth such case reported from india.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 18.258657462519keywords = spinal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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