1/96. arteriovenous fistula of the thyroid gland associated with spontaneous bleeding from a flow-induced aneurysm of the inferior thyroid artery.A case of acute, spontaneous cervical hemorrhage caused by a ruptured aneurysm of the inferior thyroid artery is described. This lesion was accompanied by an arteriovenous fistula within the thyroid gland that caused a flow-induced aneurysm. diagnosis and treatment were successfully performed by selective angiography with endovascular occlusion and embolization. Both diagnostic and therapeutic management are discussed, and the related literature is reviewed. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an aneurysm of a thyroid artery in conjunction with an intraparenchymatous arteriovenous fistula of the thyroid gland.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/96. Posttraumatic hypertension secondary to adrenal hemorrhage mimicking pheochromocytoma: case report.We report the case of a 68-year-old man who presented with a mass 3 x 4 cm in size located in the right adrenal gland together with extreme hypertension, tripled urine levels for normetanephrine, and normal plasmatic levels of metanephrines. The patient had suffered a fall from a height of 2.5 meters before hospitalization. [123I]MIBG-scan was repeatedly positive in the area of the right adrenal gland. At laparotomy under alpha-adrenergic blocking agents, the suspected pheochromocytoma was histologically confirmed as hematoma. After resection of the adrenal gland, blood pressure returned to normal without drug therapy as did metanephrine levels in urine. Although adrenal insufficiency after distension of the gland caused by hemorrhage has been reported, there are no data available regarding the mimicking of a hormonally active pheochromocytoma. We conclude that intra-adrenal pressure rise caused by hematoma may cause partial ischemic necrosis to the gland but may also induce reactive hyperplasia with periodic excessive secretion of catecholamines. This interpretation is consistent with the finding that plasma levels of catecholamines were normal in contrast to the urinary normetanephrines in the presented case. It might be worthwhile to investigate patients with intra-adrenal hemorrhage immediately after sustaining multiple injuries and in the posttraumatic course of several months up to 1 or more years together with verification of abnormal urinary excretion of metanephrines as a sign of impaired adrenal function.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/96. Congenital bilateral cystic neuroblastoma with liver metastases and massive intracystic haemorrhage.A case of bilateral cystic neuroblastoma with liver metastases in a newborn is reported. CT showed a 10 cm right suprarenal multicystic mass and numerous hepatic cystic masses with intracystic fluid-fluid levels. Multiple smaller cystic lesions were also present in the left adrenal gland. To our knowledge, the CT findings of neonatal bilateral cystic neuroblastoma with liver metastasis and massive acute intracystic haemorrhage has not been previously documented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/96. Multicentric warfarin-induced skin necrosis complicating heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.Two patients developed catastrophic multicentric skin necrosis while receiving warfarin to treat venous thromboembolism complicated by immune-mediated heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Patient 1 developed skin necrosis involving the breasts, thighs, and face, as well as venous limb gangrene and bilateral hemorrhagic necrosis of the adrenal glands, resulting in death. The second patient developed bilateral mammary necrosis necessitating mastectomies, as well as skin necrosis involving the thigh. Neither patient had an identifiable hypercoagulable syndrome, other than HIT. HIT may represent a risk factor for the development of multicentric warfarin-induced skin necrosis (WISN).- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/96. Haemorrhage into non-functioning adrenal cysts--report of two cases and review of the literature.Adrenal cysts are a rare condition and are usually non-functioning and asymptomatic. Most of the reported cases were incidental findings or discovered at autopsy. However, large cysts have a tendency to develop complications such as intracystic haemorrhage and rupture, which can present as an acute surgical emergency. We report two cases of adrenal cysts with intracystic haemorrhage. One patient presented with persistent non-specific upper abdominal pain, investigations with ultrasound (US) scan and computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed a left adrenal cyst and gallstones. Simultaneous cholecystectomy and adrenalectomy was performed with resultant relief of symptoms. The second patient presented with acute abdominal pain simulating acute surgical abdomen. Preoperative CT scan showed a large cystic lesion in the region of the tail of the pancreas with radiological evidence of haemorrhage but was unable to confirm its origin. The cyst was found to have arisen from the left adrenal gland at laparotomy; left adrenalectomy with complete excision of the cyst was done. histology showed pseudocyst with haemorrhage in both cases. Pseudocyst is the commonest histological type encountered clinically. We believe the second case is related to pregnancy and childbirth as the patient presented during puerperium and the cyst, even though very large in size (25 x 15 x 15 cm), was not noted during antenatal screening with US scan.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/96. Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix to the thyroid gland.Clinically diagnosed metastasis to the thyroid gland is rare. The authors present the first reported case of metastasis to the thyroid gland from a primary adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/96. Traumatic adrenal injury in children.BACKGROUND: Multiple organ injury in children is an increasingly frequent phenomenon in the modern emergency room. Adrenal hemorrhage associated with this type of trauma has received little attention in the past. OBJECTIVES: Using computed tomography, we sought to determine the rate and nature of adrenal gland injury in children following blunt abdominal trauma due to motor vehicular accident. methods: A total of 121 children with blunt abdominal trauma were examined and total body CT was performed in cases of multi-organ trauma or severe neurological injury. RESULTS: Of all the children who presented with blunt abdominal trauma over a 51 month period, 6 (4.95%) had adrenal hemorrhage. In all cases only the right adrenal gland was affected. Coincidental injury to the chest and other abdominal organs was noted in 66.7% and 50% of patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Traumatic adrenal injury in the pediatric population may be more common than previously suspected. Widespread application of the more sophisticated imaging modalities available today will improve the detection of damage to the smaller organs in major collision injuries and will help in directing attention to the mechanism of trauma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/96. Intra-epidermal and intra-dermal sebocrine adenoma with cystic degeneration and hemorrhage.BACKGROUND: The ducts of eccrine glands may give rise to intra-epidermal, confluent epithelial and intra-dermal adenomas known as hidroacanthoma simplex, eccrine poroma, and dermal duct tumor, respectively. An apocrine and sebaceous counterpart of the eccrine poroma has been described by several authors as adnexal, poroma-like adenoma with apocrine and sebaceous differentiation or sebocrine adenoma. methods: Using clinical history and routine histologic techniques, we describe a new lesion with features similar to sebocrine adenoma but representing the intra-epidermal and intra-dermal counterparts with cystic degeneration and hemorrhage. Briefly, an 84-year-old female presented with a 6 mm dark tan papule on the neck that clinically appeared as an unusual macular seborrheic keratosis with underlying hemorrhage. RESULTS: Histopathological examination showed a benign dermal cystic appendage tumor with pale polygonal cells, occasional non-keratinizing ducts, sebaceous differentiation and central hemorrhage with fibrin deposits. Serial sections did not reveal any epidermal connection. However, epithelioid cells with large nuclei in an intra-epidermal pagetoid pattern were focally seen. CONCLUSION: These findings represent a new cystic, hemorrhagic variant of sebocrine adenoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/96. Symptomatic arteriovenous malformation of Bartholin's gland. A case report.BACKGROUND: arteriovenous malformations are composed of large, tortuous arteries and misshapen, veinlike structures. They are extremely uncommon in the genital tract. CASE: An arteriovenous malformation in a Bartholin gland presented as intermittent vaginal bleeding in a 43-year-old woman. CONCLUSION: Persistent unexplained bleeding from Bartholin's gland requires surgical excision.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/96. pituitary gland macroadenoma: a cause of transient blindness after cardiac surgery.pituitary gland macroadenoma complicating cardiac surgery is an uncommon condition of spectacular clinical presentation that is generally treated by surgery. We report here on an unusual presentation of this condition that was successfully managed by medical treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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