1/155. Disseminated cutaneous protothecosis in an immunocompromised host: a case report and literature review.Protothecosis is an infection caused by achloric algae of the genus prototheca. These organisms have been isolated from water, sewage, soil, and the slime flux of trees, and are a known cause of disease in other mammals. infection in humans occurs after traumatic inoculation, producing localized olecranon bursal or, rarely, systemic disease. Only two previous cases of disseminated cutaneous disease have been reported in patients with defective neutrophil function. We describe a rare case of widespread cutaneous dissemination occurring after an arthropod bite in an immunocompromised patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/155. Fulminant infection by uncommon organisms in animal bite wounds.In 1995 and 1996, 215 patients exposed to different species of animals were treated at the Amarnath Polyclinic, Balasore, in india. Among them were two children infected by uncommon organisms, i.e., capnocytophaga canimorsus and pasteurella multocida; the patients recovered with appropriate antibiotic therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/155. Preventing human rabies before and after exposure.rabies is a viral disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Recently, most human deaths from rabies have been caused by transmission from bats, in many cases without a documented bite or exposure. rabies is fatal if untreated prior to onset of symptoms. Deaths from human rabies in the united states are rare, largely because of animal control measures and postexposure prophylaxis of people who have been bitten or exposed to the virus. Primary care providers play a pivotal role in the prevention of rabies. Preexposure prevention involves education and immunization of persons at high risk for rabies exposure. rabies is difficult to diagnose antemortem because of the nonspecific presentation of signs and symptoms that may mimic those of respiratory or abdominal infections. Diagnosing rabies once symptoms begin will not save the victim's life but will help to minimize exposure to others, allow for identification and prophylaxis of those who may have been exposed, and identify the animal vector.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/155. pasteurella multocida meningitis and septic arthritis secondary to a cat bite.Animal bites are seen almost daily in the emergency department, and the majority heal without complication. pasteurella multocida is frequently the causative organism of localized wound infections and cellulitis in this patient population. P. multocida infection is usually associated with close contact with pets, such as dogs and cats, that harbor this organism as normal oral flora. meningitis and septic arthritis are very rare sequelae of P. multocida infection. This case report presents a patient with P. multocida bacteremia, meningitis, and septic arthritis developing together as a complication of a cat bite.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/155. Smitten by a kitten.Mammalian bite wounds are commonly encountered in the emergency department. When patients come early (<8 hours after injury), local infection is not usually evident. At this stage, the issue of providing prophylactic antibiotic therapy arises. We report a complication of a cat bite to the hand in a previously healthy 32-year-old man. This patient did not seek medical treatment immediately after the cat bite, and distinct local infection did not develop. Nevertheless, his course was complicated with acute staphylococcus aureus endocarditis. We discuss the common pathogens involved in a cat bite infection, including S aureus, and delineate the indications for prophylactic antibiotic therapy after a mammalian bite wound.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/155. Seroepidemiology of bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii infection in california coyotes, 1994-1998.The prevalence of antibodies to bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii in coyotes (Canis latrans) in california ranged from 51% in central to 34% in southern and 7% in northern california. Seropositive coyotes were more likely to be from coastal than inland counties (p clustered distribution of bartonella seropositivity in coyotes suggests that B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii infection is vectorborne. Further investigation is warranted to evaluate which arthropods are vectors and what the mode of transmission is from wildlife to domestic dogs and possibly humans.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/155. Catfish spine envenomation: a case report and literature review.Catfish spine envenomations are common injuries, reported in both freshwater and saltwater. Such injuries are complex puncture wounds, often complicated by severe infection. signs and symptoms range from simple local pain and bleeding to systemic manifestations with hemodynamic compromise. Care and treatment involve aggressive pain management, judicious wound cleansing, prophylactic antibiotics, and close follow-up. A case of catfish spine envenomation from a freshwater catfish is presented here.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/155. Sea urchin puncture resulting in PIP joint synovial arthritis: case report and MRI study.Of the 600 species of sea urchins, approximately 80 may be venomous to humans. The long spined or black sea urchin, Diadema setosum may cause damage by the breaking off of its brittle spines after they penetrate the skin. synovitis followed by arthritis may be an unusual but apparently not a rare sequel to such injury, when implantation occurs near a joint. In this case report, osseous changes were not seen by plain x-rays. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to expose the more salient features of both soft tissue and bone changes of black sea urchin puncture injury 30 months after penetration. In all likelihood, this type of injury may be more common than the existing literature at present suggests. It is believed to be the first reported case in this part of the world as well as the first MRI study describing this type of joint pathology. Local and systemic reactions to puncture injuries from sea urchin spines have been described previously. These may range from mild, local irritation lasting a few days to granuloma formation, infection and on occasions systemic illness. The sea urchin spines are composed of calcium carbonate with proteinaceous covering. The covering tends to cause immune reactions of variable presentation. There are only a handful of reported cases with sea urchin stings on record, none of them from the Red Sea. However, this condition is probably more common than is thought and can present difficulty in diagnosis. In this case report, the inflammation responded well to heat treatment, mobilization and manipulation of the joint in its post acute and chronic stages. As some subtle changes in soft tissues and the changes in bone were not seen either on plain x-rays or ultrasound scan, gadolinium-enhanced MRI was used to unveil the marked changes in the joint.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/155. A baby, a virus, and a rat.The authors present a case initially thought to be a child abuse homicide that, after complete autopsy and thorough investigation, was determined to be caused by a viral infection and complicated by postmortem animal activity. Neonatal herpes simplex infection and postmortem skin defects are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/155. Australian bat lyssavirus infection: a second human case, with a long incubation period.In December 1998, a 37-year-old queensland woman died from a rabies-like illness, 27 months after being bitten by a flying fox (fruit bat). Molecular techniques enabled diagnosis of infection with Australian bat lyssavirus (ABL), the second human case to be recognised and the first to be acquired from a flying fox. It must be assumed that any bat in australia could transmit ABL; anyone bitten or scratched by a bat should immediately wash the wounds thoroughly with soap and water and promptly seek medical advice.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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