1/11. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the rectum with chromosomal translocation of the t(11;18)(q21;q21) and an additional aberration of trisomy 3.A rare case of primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT) of the rectum is reported. A 56-yr-old man was referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment of rectal neoplasm. A physical examination and laboratory data showed no special abnormalities. However, endoscopic colorectal observation revealed multiple red and slightly elevated nodular lesions with erosive changes of the rectum. The lesions were composed of diffuse, small atypical lymphoid cells (i.e., centrocyte-like cells) and were stained with L26 and BCL-2 but not cyclin d1. Surface markers of cells obtained from biopsy specimens were CD5-, CD10-, CD19 , CD20 , kappa , and lambda-. No BCL-2 gene rearrangement was observed. The clonal karyotype of t(11;18)(q21;q21) was observed in six of nine lymphoid cells. trisomy was also identified two of 144 cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization. We report a rare case of the rectal MALT lymphoma bearing characteristic chromosomal aberrations; t(11;18)(q21;q21) and trisomy 3. We suggest that chromosomal analysis using biopsy specimens may be useful for the diagnosis of MALT lymphoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/11. Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the rectum arising in ulcerative colitis: report of a case.We report a case of intestinal hepatoid adenocarcinoma, confirmed by albumin m-rna in situ hybridization, with subsequent metastatic spread to the liver in a male with a long-standing history of ulcerative colitis. This novel finding strongly suggests that ulcerative colitis can lead not only to conventional adenocarcinomas but also to hepatoid adenocarcinoma and highlights the mimicry of hepatocellular carcinoma by metastatic hepatoid adenocarcinoma liver nodules.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/11. Human papillomavirus type 16-associated primary squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum.Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the colorectum is an extremely rare malignancy of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. We describe an 87-year-old man with primary SCC of the rectum. Routine histology demonstrated a squamous metaplasia-dysplasia sequence of the rectal mucosa with subsequent malignant transformation. Molecular biologic analysis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization revealed the presence of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) dna within metaplastic, dysplastic, and SCC lesions and in tumor-free rectal mucosa. Moreover, nested reverse-transcription PCR showed transcriptional activity of the viral E6/E7 oncogenes in tumor tissue and tumor-free rectal mucosa. By contrast, 4 typical adenocarcinomas of the rectum and their adjacent normal mucosa were found to be negative for HPV by nested PCR. In line with the well-established concept of HPV-associated anogenital carcinogenesis, our results strongly suggest an etiologic role of HPV-16 in the pathogenesis of the metaplasia-dysplasia-SCC sequence in the case described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/11. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of rectum: possible relation with EBV.Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LEC) of the colon is very rare. Here we report a case of LEC originating in the rectum that was closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The histologic and immunohistologic features, namely, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with lymphoid stroma, showed this tumor to be an LEC. The EBV genome was detected by PCR using dna obtained from tumor tissue sections. Immunohistochemically, EBV-determined nuclear antigen 2 was detected in the tumor cells, and in situ hybridization using EBV-encoded small RNAs probe showed positive labeling in some tumor cells together with a few stromal lymphoid cells. There are some reports of LEC cases that originated in the colon; however, a relation with EBV was not demonstrated. We report here a case of LEC of the rectum demonstrating a possible relation with EBV.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/11. Detection of BCL2-IGH rearrangement on paraffin-embedded tissue sections obtained from a small submucosal tumor of the rectum in a patient with recurrent follicular lymphoma.A 59-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of recurrent follicular lymphoma (FL). Colonoscopic examination revealed a rectal submucosal tumor (SMT) without any erosions and ulcers. In this patient, it was difficult to distinguish non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) invasion from other disorders of the colon including carcinoid tumor merely based on endoscopic findings. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies on biopsy specimens showed an infiltration of atypical lymphocytes that were positive for CD20 and BCL2 but negative for UCHL-1. fluorescence in situ hybridization on paraffin-embedded tissue sections (T-FISH) identified a translocation of BCL2 with IGH gene. Based on these findings, the tumor was defined as an invasion of FL. T-FISH method is useful for the detection of a monoclonality of atypical lymphocytes in an SMT of the gastrointestinal tract, and particularly for the detection of chromosomal translocations specific to lymphoma subtypes.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/11. Rectal adenocarcinoma with choriocarcinomatous differentiation: clinical and genetic aspects.Nongestational choriocarcinomas are rare tumors. In the gastrointestinal tract, they are characterized by a biphasic tumor growth with separated areas of adenocarcinomatous and choriocarcinomatous differentiation. We here report a case of a combined adenocarcinoma-choriocarcinoma of the rectum. The tumor showed an aggressive clinical behavior with metastasis to the liver and lungs. A transient partial remission was achieved after 4 cycles of cisplatinum, etoposide, and ifosfamide chemotherapy, with normalization of serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels. At this time, viable residual choriocarcinoma cells were found in surgically resected lung metastasis. The patient succumbed 8 months after initial diagnosis to a rapid abdominal relapse. We used comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization to elucidate the genetic relationship of adenocarcinoma and choriocarcinoma in this neoplasm. We found genetic changes characteristic for colorectal adenocarcinomas, a loss of chromosomal regions 8p21-pter as well as 18q21-pter, and a gain of 5p and 20q, in both tumor parts. This provides evidence for the common origin of both components. A differential pattern of additional genetic changes suggests a clonal evolution from a common ancestor cell. In contrast to findings from a comparative study on a choriocarcinoma of the renal pelvis, we did not find an amplification of the germ cell cancer-associated chromosomal region 12p11.2-p12.1 in the areas of choriocarcinoma but found instead a loss of Xp11.3-pter. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a CGH comparison of the adenocarcinomatous and choriocarcinomatous tumor parts in a nongestational choriocarcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/11. Classical Hodgkin lymphoma arising in the rectum.We report a case of an 81-year-old immunocompetent Mexican man who underwent an abdominal-perineal rectal resection for a mass clinically thought to be carcinoma. Histopathologic diagnosis revealed classical Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis type, involving the rectum. The diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical studies that showed that the neoplastic cells were positive for CD15 and CD30 and negative for CD45 (LCA). in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus small-encoded rna was also positive in the neoplastic cells. Hodgkin lymphoma arising in the rectum of immunocompetent patients is rare, with only 12 cases (including this one) reported in the literature. Of these, the diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical studies in only two cases, and this is the first case assessed and shown to be positive for Epstein-Barr virus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/11. Perianal bowen's disease associated with anorectal warts: a case report.The occurrence of anogenital warts has increased both in clinic and in private practice. Both sexes and all races are affected, with the highest prevalence in patients aged 15 to 40 years. The etiologic agent, the human papillomavirus (HPV), has been classified by dna hybridization techniques into at least 42 types, of which types 16 and 18 are considered to carry a high risk for cancer. A patient who had been seen intermittently over a period of 26 years with perianal and anal warts that responded to treatment finally developed two granulomatous nodules morphologically different from the previous lesions. A biopsy confirmed that the nodules were typical of bowen's disease, a precancerous lesion, and they were surgically excised. Thus, anogenital warts that fail to respond to conventional therapy or change in appearance warrant a biopsy and, where the technique is available, dna typing to identify the viral pathogen.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/11. Buschke-Loewenstein tumour infiltrating pelvic organs.We report a 42-year-old hiv-negative patient with a 12-year history of exceptionally extensive genital warts and coexisting verrucous carcinoma of the anogenital region (Buschke-Loewenstein tumour). Masses of both tumour and viral papillomas infiltrated the external genitalia, perineum and buttocks, pelvic diaphragm and parts of the lesser pelvis, as well as the urethra, prostate and parts of the urinary bladder, necessitating repeated surgical intervention and plastic reconstruction. Adjuvant interferon-alpha therapy was given without any lasting effects. Human papillomavirus type 6 was detected by dna in situ hybridization and Southern blot analysis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/11. Cellular localization of interleukin-5 expression in rectal carcinoma with eosinophilia.eosinophilia often occurs in malignant diseases. This report concerns a female patient aged 76 years, diagnosed with rectal carcinoma with eosinophilia. Sera were obtained at two different periods (at diagnosis and after the operation) for the evaluation of levels of interleukin-5 (IL-5). The serum IL-5 level increased to 264 pg/mL, and returned to an undetectable level after the operation. The serum at diagnosis enhanced the viability of normal eosinophils in vitro, and this activity was inhibited by antihuman IL-5 polyclonal antibody. immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization revealed that stromal eosinophils contained IL-5 protein and messenger rna (mRNA), but no IL-5 transcripts were detected in eosinophils attached to carcinoma cells. In situ detection of apoptosis showed that several eosinophils attached to tumor cells underwent apoptosis and lost their eosinophil secreted cationic protein (ECP) and major basic protein (MBP). These results may suggest that activated eosinophils by IL-5 play an important role in host defense mechanisms, releasing their toxic granule proteins on adjoining tumor cells.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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