1/38. Ruptured hemidiaphragm after bilateral lung transplantation.A case of right hemidiaphragm rupture and abdominal herniation into the thorax occurring during the immediate post-operative course of double-lung transplantation is reported. This complication has not been reported previously. We examine the possible aetiology and suggest that the direct cause could be an increase in intra-abdominal pressure during chest physiotherapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/38. The use of subcutaneous drains to manage subcutaneous emphysema.subcutaneous emphysema is a frequent complication of thoracic and cardiac surgical procedures, and emergency tracheostomy is often advocated as the treatment for this complication. However, we report the case of a patient in whom massive subcutaneous emphysema, which had developed after emergent replacement of the aortic root, was relieved using subcutaneous drains and suction, instead of a tracheostomy. We found that the subcutaneous drains provided effective decompression of the head and neck areas, and markedly reduced airway pressure and subcutaneous air. We recommend subcutaneous drains for safe, effective, and inexpensive management of massive subcutaneous emphysema.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/38. Use of laryngeal mask airway in a patient requiring continuous positive airway pressure: a case report.The successful use of a laryngeal mask airway over a 48-hour period is reported in a patient with partial upper airway obstruction who required continuous positive airway pressure.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/38. Emphysema in papua new guinea--a pathological study.The authors examined 47 lungs obtained at post mortem in Papua New Gunea. These were inflated with formalin, fixed under pressure, sliced and examined for emphysema using a "point-counting" method. There was no emphysema before the age of 30 years. The pathological types encountered were similar to those in the United Kingdom. In patients over 50 years of age there appeared to be little difference between the amount of emphysema present in Paua New Guinea and in the United Kingdom. Enviromental air pollution seemed to be relatively unimportant in the pathogenesis. Repeated lower respiratory tract infections may be more important. Emphysema appeared to be more prevalent in lowland than highland dwellers. The findings of this pathological study supported the clinical and epidemiological studies carried out concurrently, but independently by others.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/38. Systemic air embolism in respiratory distress syndrome.We report a case of severe respiratory distress syndrome which required intermittent positive pressure ventilation and led to severe pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) and massive air embolism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/38. Lobar pulmonary interstitial emphysema in a premature infant on continuous positive airway pressure using nasal prongs.Unilobar pulmonary interstitial emphysema may emerge in extremely low birth weight infants without mechanical ventilation but on continuous positive airway pressure using nasal prongs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/38. Continuous caudal epidural analgesia for congenital lobar emphysema: a report of three cases.IMPLICATIONS: In congenital lobar emphysema, positive pressure ventilation can expand the emphysematous lobe, compressing the normal lung during anesthesia induction. We managed the dual challenges of safe induction and analgesia for thoracotomy by placing thoracic epidural catheters via the caudal insertion site and retaining spontaneous ventilation until thoracotomy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/38. pneumothorax complicating pulmonary emphysema.Clinical and roentgenographic findings were compared in patients 40 years of age and over and in those under 40 who were treated for acute unilateral pneumothorax. dyspnea and anxiety were pominent in the older individuals, although pneumothoraces were usually small. Because physical findings were often unreliable, roentgenograms were required. In the presence of pulmonary emphysema, loss of retractility prevented total collapse of the underlying lung. Increased intrapleural pressure caused over-expansion of the chest wall and the depression of the diaphragm without much mediastinal shifting. Partial collapse of emphysematous lobes demonstrated bullae that were not previously obvious. Respiratory failure developed in five patients over 40 years of age, but four of them recovered after relief of the pneumothorax. mortality for the group was low and related to associated pulmonary diseases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/38. Anaesthetic considerations for lung volume reduction surgery--a case report.INTRODUCTION: This case describes some of the unique problems faced by the thoracic anaesthesiologists during anaesthesia for lung volume reduction surgery. CLINICAL PICTURE: The usual pulmonary function requirements for lobectomy are normally not met in these patients with severe emphysema. TREATMENT: maintenance of the functional residual capacity of the lung and normocapnia during anaesthesia are not as important. Instead problems due to barotrauma and dynamic hyperinflation from positive pressure ventilation are. OUTCOME: Modification of ventilation strategy and providing an anaesthetic tailored towards early extubation is the cornerstone of the anaesthetic plan. CONCLUSION: A good understanding of the respiratory physiology in patients with severe emphysema is essential.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/38. Persistent pulmonary interstitial emphysema in an unventilated neonate.Persistent pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PPIE) is a chronic form of pulmonary interstitial emphysema. The disease is histologically distinguished by large cysts and giant cells. Our patient was a female twin who was born at 31 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 1,450 g. A chest X-ray at 2 hr after delivery was normal. At 12 hr, respiratory distress developed, and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was initiated. A chest film revealed left-sided pneumothorax. A chest tube was inserted, and the baby continued on nasal CPAP for 5 days. Her chest X-ray on postnatal day 4 showed diffuse cystic changes in the left lung. Thoracic computed tomography revealed multiple thick-walled cysts, the largest measuring 3 cm in diameter. Our case confirms that localized PIE may occur in preterm infants who have been treated with nasal CPAP only. Since this method is being used increasingly to avoid mechanical ventilation and in the postextubation period, it is very important that clinicians be aware of its complications.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |