1/42. Fine needle aspiration diagnosis of extraadrenal myelolipoma presenting as a pleural mass. A case report.BACKGROUND: myelolipoma is a benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue and hematopoietic cells. Although they are commonly found in adrenal glands, extraadrenal myelolipomas (EMLs) are rare but well documented. They have been found in various sites, including mediastinum, liver, stomach, lungs, pelvis, spleen, retroperitoneum, presacral region and mesentery. EMLs must be distinguished from extramedullary hematopoieses, which are also composed of hematopoietic elements but may lack adipose tissue and are associated with anemia and marked bone marrow hyperplasia. CASE: We describe a case of a pleura-based, extraadrenal myelolipoma in a 53-year-old female with unremarkable bone marrow findings that were initially encountered on fluoroscopy-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA). One year later the mass was removed via open thoracotomy. It showed typical EML features histologically. CONCLUSION: EML manifests on aspiration cytology as a cellular specimen with numerous trilineage hematopoietic cells and a variable proportion of mature adipose cells. To our knowledge, FNA cytology of EML has not been found in this location before. Aspiration biopsy offers a simple and reliable method for the diagnosis of EML in the presence of appropriate clinical settings.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/42. Bilateral symptomatic adrenal myelolipoma.Myelolipomas of the adrenal gland were first described in 1905. They are rare cortical, nonfunctioning, benign neoplasms, generally unilateral, usually discovered by accident or at autopsy. Thus they are often classified as 'incidentaloma'. These tumors are more frequent in males 40-60 years old. Most adrenal myelolipomas are small (diameter < 4 cm) and asymptomatic (70%), but larger tumors may cause local symptoms secondary to mechanical compression. Very large bilateral adrenal myelolipomas are exceedingly rare. They generally require no treatment; however, if symptomatics or if diagnosis is in doubt, surgery is needed. Usually only monolateral adrenalectomy is performed, even in the presence of bilateral tumors, to preserve adrenal function. We present a case of bilateral, symptomatic giant myelolipoma in a young woman, treated with bilateral adrenalectomy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/42. A case of lung myelolipomatosis in a patient with bronchial carcinoid.Myelolipomas are very rare benign tumours composed of an admixture of mature adipose tissue and normal haematopoietic cells. Although they are most commonly found in the adrenal glands, extra-adrenal myelolipomas are documented. We described a case of myelolipoma arising in the lung in a 52-year-old man. The lesion was found incidentally in association with a carcinoid. To our knowledge, this is the second instance of this neoplasm presenting as a lung lesion, and the first case associated with bronchial carcinoid. Pathogenesis and aetiology of myelolipomas are referred to in this paper with special regard to the clinical and pathological findings.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/42. Bilateral adrenal myelolipoma.Myelolipomas are rare benign tumors often found incidentally due, in the majority of cases, to the fact that they are asymptomatic. The incidence of adrenal myelolipomas at autopsy is low (0.2%). These tumors are made up of fat and hematopoietic cells. Their origin is unclear and different theories have been put forward, including development from rests of mesenchymal stem cells, embolism of bone marrow, extramedullary hematopoiesis and, according to the most widely accepted theory, metaplasia of the reticuloendothelial cells of blood capillaries. Due to their uncertain etiology and low frequency, management of adrenal myelolipomas is usually individualized and carried out depending on the protocols of each center. The development of improved imaging techniques has increased their diagnosis in routine clinical practice. Thus, they have been included in the heterogeneous group of 'incidentalomas' of the adrenal gland.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/42. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of adrenal myelolipoma: case report and review of the literature.Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare nonfunctioning tumor consisting histologically of an admixture of adipose tissue and extramedullary hemopoietic elements within the adrenal glands. Less than 300 cases have been reported in the literature and only 15 case reports have described cytological findings of this tumor obtained by fine-needle aspiration (FNA). We report a case of a 48-year-old male who had had anaplastic large cell carcinoma of the right lung. The left adrenal mass was encountered during a staging workup that led to a clinical suspicion of metastatic disease to the adrenal gland. FNA under computed tomography (CT) guidance was performed obtaining cytological material from which diagnosis of myelolipoma was made. The findings reemphasized an important role of FNA in investigation of adrenal mass. The literature on FNA cytology of adrenal myelolipoma is reviewed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 1999;21:409-412.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/42. Mediastinal extraadrenal myelolipoma: report of a case.We herein report a case of surgically resected mediastinal extraadrenal myelolipoma. myelolipoma is an uncommon tumor composed of adipose tissue and normal hematopoietic elements, and is most often found in the adrenal glands. We could find only five such cases of mediastinal myelolipoma in the English literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/42. Giant adrenal myelolipoma: case report and review of the literature.myelolipoma is a tumor-like growth composed of mature fat tissue and bone marrow elements. It occurs in the adrenal gland or as an isolated soft tissue mass. It may be associated with endocrine disorders such as hermaphroditism, Cushing's disease, Addison's disease and obesity of unknown cause. These lesions rarely measure more than 5 cm in diameter, although giant tumors have been reported in the literature. The fifth largest surgically resected adrenal myelolipoma in the literature is reported and its clinical associations and, macroscopic and microscopic features are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/42. myelolipoma of the adrenal gland diagnosis and management.myelolipoma of the adrenal gland is a rare benign tumor. It is diagnosed incidentally in most cases because of its non-functioning nature, unless it causes symptoms due to its size. It has specific sonographic and computed tomographic features. A case is presented, magnetic resonance findings are reported for the first time and a review of the literature is conducted.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/42. Pigmented adrenal hyperplasia with myelolipomatous changes and bilateral testicular enlargement in an untreated man with 21-hydroxylase deficiency.OBJECTIVE: To report the occurrence of a giant left adrenal tumor and bilateral testicular masses (adenomatous hyperplasia of leydig cells) in a young man with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. methods: The clinical, radiologic, endocrinologic, and pathologic features of this case are correlated with the findings in the literature. RESULTS: The interesting elements in this case are the rare pathologic features of the left adrenal lesion (pigmented adrenal hyperplasia with myelolipomatous changes) and the association with the infrequent testicular adrenal rest tumors. The absence of enlargement of the right adrenal gland was unexplained. CONCLUSION: The presence of these two rare complications seemed to be associated with poor adherence to medical treatment recommendations for congenital adrenal hyperplasia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/42. Presacral myelolipoma in a patient with colon carcinoma.myelolipoma is an uncommon benign tumor, composed of an admixture of adipose tissue and hematopoietic cells, usually discovered within the adrenal glands. Extra-adrenal myelolipomas are rare and approximately half of the reported cases were presacral. We report a case of an asymptomatic presacral myelolipoma measuring 9x8x7 cm, incidentally found in a 71-year-old woman with a stenosing colon cancer. ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the presacral mass evidenced a well circumscribed tumor with heterogeneous features due to a nonuniform composition. Surgical excision of the mass was performed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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