1/9. Oral wart associated with human papillomavirus type 2.More than 100 human papillomavirus (HPV) types have been identified to date. Of these, 24 types have been described as being associated with oral lesions. HPV-2 has been frequently associated with skin lesions, but the reports of oral lesions as features of mucosal infection are limited. A biopsy specimen of an oral wart on the right palate was taken from a 48-year-old man and examined for the presence of HPV The sections showed papillary growth of the epithelium with hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis, and koilocytotic changes of the cells located in the upper layers of the oral squamous cell epithelium. These histological features corresponded well to those of verruca vulgaris on the skin. Immunohistochemically, papillomavirus genus-specific capsid antigen was detected in most of the koilocytotic cells. In addition, Southern blot hybridization analysis revealed that the lesion harbored HPV-2 dna. in situ hybridization with a biotinylated HPV-2 dna probe clearly demonstrated viral dna in the nuclei of squamous cells, which were located in a deeper layer of the epithelium than viral antigen-positive cells.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/9. Extensive human papillomavirus type 7-associated orofacial warts in an immunocompetent patient.Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 7 is frequently found in butchers' warts and has been demonstrated in oral and facial warts of HIV-infected patients. The reservoirs of HPV7 and the route of transmission are still unclear. Here we describe an HIV-negative, otherwise healthy patient with extensive, recurrent orofacial papillomatosis whose immune status proved to be normal and who had no history of meat handling. HPV7 L1 gene dna that differed in 3 point mutations from the HPV7 prototype could be detected in 2 morphologically distinct, perioral lesions by different PCR protocols. in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of HPV7 dna in the nuclei of vacuolated cells of the granular layer. Our data show that HPV7 can lead to perioral, spiky warts and brownish plaques in immunocompetent patients who had never been working as a meat or fish handler.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/9. Oral condyloma acuminatum associated with human papillomavirus and p53 overexpression mimicking cyclosporine effect in a transplant patient.A case of human papillomavirus-associated condyloma acuminatum in the oral cavity, presumed to be fulminant cyclosporine-induced gingival hyperplasia, is reported in a 55-year-old cardiac transplant patient. Approximately 47 months following the transplant, the patient developed severe hyperplasia of the uvula and oral mucosa, resulting in difficulty swallowing. The histopathologic features of the lesion were typical of those of condyloma acuminatum. in situ hybridization of the paraffin-embedded material revealed infection with human papillomavirus types 6/11. This case lends further support to the putative role of long-term cellular immunosuppression in the development of human papillomavirus-associated squamous lesions. In addition, positive staining for p53 protein raises the possibility of concomitant p53 involvement in the pathogenesis of this oral lesion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/9. Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia of the oral cavity representing progressive transformation of germinal center.Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia (FLH) of the oral cavity is a rare and poorly understood lymphoproliferative disorder. We present a case of FLH of the oral cavity presenting with progressive transformation of germinal center (PTGC). The patient was a 49-year-old Japanese woman presenting with a hard mass in the right cheek. The resected specimen contained numerous lymphoid follicles with active germinal centers and a portion of the lymphoid follicles exhibited PTGC. The PTGCs contained a few large lymphoid cells resembling lymphocytic and histiocytic reed-sternberg cells of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. The PTGC was surrounded by groups of epithelioid cells. in situ hybridization studies demonstrated strong expression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded small rna in scattered large lymphoid cells in the PTGC. Although the etiology of FLH of the oral cavity remains unclear, the present case suggests that a subset of FLH of the oral cavity appears to be an EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorder.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/9. A case of symptomatic primary HIV infection.A 30-year-old homosexual Japanese man had fourteen days of fever, malaise, appetite loss, sore throat, and four days of diarrhea and slightly congested eyes before he developed a skin eruption. He presented with measles-like exanthems on his face, trunk, and extremities. Deep red enanthems were seen on his left buccal mucosa opposite the premolar teeth, and whitish enanthems were seen on the buccal and gingival mucosa. HIV rna was detected at the high concentration of 5.8 x 10(6) copies /ml in his serum. cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed aseptic meningitis with 5,488 copies /ml of HIV rna. Anti-HIV 1 antibodies against Gp160 and p24 tested by Western blot assay showed seroconversion on day 5 of his admission, seven days after he developed the skin eruptions. The fever lasted for three weeks from the initial onset, and the skin eruptions lasted for twelve days. Histopathologically, a mononuclear cell infiltration was seen mainly in the upper dermis surrounding small vessels and sweat ducts, with CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes predominant. Additionally, CD1a putative interdigitating dendritic cells had also infiltrated perivascularly, and were surrounded by CD8 and CD4 T cells. in situ hybridization study failed to detect HIV products in skin biopsy specimens. Our findings suggested that CD8 T cells and their interaction with CD1a dendritic cells in the skin may be important in inducing skin manifestations in acute hiv infections.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/9. Verruciform xanthoma of the oral cavity: clinicopathological study relating to pathogenesis. Report of three cases.Verruciform xanthoma is a rare condition that was first reported in the oral cavity in 1971. Its histopathology is distinctive on account of the presence of foamy histiocytes within elongated dermal papillae. Three cases of oral mucosal verruciform xanthoma were studied. Immunohistochemical staining by streptavidin-peroxidase and in situ hybridization to detect human papillomavirus (HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18) dna and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2, -9) rna were performed to investigate the pathogenesis of verruciform xanthoma. This study showed that the foam cells were strongly positive for CD68 (KP1) and vimentin. Cytokeratin, PCNA and S-100 stained focally negative in foam cells. in situ hybridization failed to detect HPV (types 6, 11, 16, 18) in any of the three cases. Based on our findings we conclude that verruciform xanthoma is most likely not a human papillomavirus-associated lesion; the foam cells, as a histological hallmark of the lesion, are most likely derived from the monocyte-macrophage lineage, and verruciform xanthoma is, at least partly, mediated by an immune mechanism. MMPs degrade basilar membrane that promotes the reciprocal induction between epithelium and mesenchyme. However, as yet unrecognized factors may play a role in the development of epithelium-mesenchyme reciprocal induction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/9. Characterization of human papillomavirus type 13 from focal epithelial hyperplasia Heck lesions.focal epithelial hyperplasia Heck lesions of a Turkish patient were shown to contain papillomavirus-specific dna, which was molecularly cloned into bacteriophage lambda. It proved to be related to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 6 dna and HPV type 11 dna. Reassociation kinetics revealed a cross-hybridization of 4 and 3%, respectively. There was no cross-reactivity with HPV type 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, or 10. This papillomavirus type will be referred to as HPV type 13. The dna was characterized by cleavage with several restriction enzymes, and the cleavage sites were physically mapped. Papules from two additional cases of Morbus Heck contained HPV type 13 dna as shown by Southern blot hybridization and by the characteristic cleavage patterns. This may indicate that HPV type 13 is more frequently associated with focal epithelial hyperplasia Heck than are other HPV types.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/9. cytomegalovirus infections of the oral cavity. A report of six cases and review of the literature.Cytomegalovirus is responsible for a significant percentage of asymptomatic viral infections worldwide. Although virtually any cell or organ may be infected, involvement of the oral cavity is uncommon. Only nine well-documented examples of intraoral cytomegalovirus infections were found in a review of the English-language literature. We report six additional examples, five of which possessed unique clinical and histopathologic characteristics. The light and electron-microscopic features of cytomegalovirus are discussed, as well as diagnostic adjuncts such as immunohistochemistry and deoxyribonucleic acid in situ hybridization.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/9. Plasma cell granuloma of the oral cavity: a report of two cases and review of the literature.We report two rare cases of plasma cell granuloma arising in the extragingival oral cavity. These are tumorous proliferations composed predominantly of reactive plasma cells. Both patients presented with solitary mass lesions that were clinically suspicious for malignancy. One patient presented with a mass that grew slowly for 2 years and involved the lip; in the second patient, a mass developed in the buccal mucosa Histologically, both lesions were characterized by lobules of plasma cells separated by thick collagenous bands. A variable number of admixed lymphocytes and histiocytes was noted in both cases. in situ hybridization and immunostaining for kappa and lambda light chains revealed a polyclonal plasma cell population. in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus failed to demonstrate evidence of viral expression in either case. Both patients are free of disease after 8-month and 12-month follow-ups. Although plasma cell granuloma in the oral cavity is rare, it is important to recognize this entity as a benign inflammatory lesion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hybridization (Clic here for more details about this article) |