11/54. Serologic survey in a colony of captive common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) after infection with herpes simplex type 1-like virus.An outbreak of herpesvirus caused the death of four of five common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) in a private colony. Gross lesions included acute ulcerative gingivitis, glossitis, and enlarged mandibular lymph nodes. Histologically, all fatal cases showed meningoencephalitis and eosinophilia with intranuclear inclusion bodies in neurons and glial cells. A herpes simplex-like virus was cultured from the brain and was identified as herpes simplex type 1 virus or a closely related virus by immunofluorescence. Serologic testing (complement fixation test) indicated that the surviving adult female was serologically positive for more than 4 yr and that the offspring she produced was seronegative. The most likely source of the outbreak was the owner who mouth fed hand-raised offspring.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/54. Delayed cranial neuropathy after neurosurgery caused by herpes simplex virus reactivation: report of three cases.BACKGROUND: Delayed cranial neuropathy is an uncommon complication of neurosurgical interventions of which the exact etiology is uncertain. Several authors have hypothesized that reactivation of herpesviruses may play a role. CASE DESCRIPTIONS: The first patient underwent microvascular decompression of the left facial nerve because of hemifacial spasm. Nine days postoperatively, he developed severe facial weakness on the ipsilateral side. The polymerase chain reaction for herpes simplex virus (HSV) was positive in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Treatment with intravenous acyclovir was initiated, after which a rapid and marked improvement was observed. The second patient developed left-sided facial numbness 20 days after microvascular decompression of the left facial nerve. The polymerase chain reaction for HSV was positive in the CSF. Treatment with intravenous acyclovir resulted in full recovery. The third patient underwent a suboccipital craniectomy with excision of a meningioma located at the left petrosal apex. Three months postoperatively, she developed multiple cranial neuropathies (involving cranial nerves V, VI, VIII, and XII). This was accompanied by serologic evidence of HSV reactivation and a positive polymerase chain reaction for HSV in the CSF. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous acyclovir. CONCLUSIONS: The 3 reported cases provide evidence that delayed postoperative cranial neuropathy can be caused by HSV reactivation and can involve multiple cranial nerves. An increased awareness of this treatable postoperative complication is warranted.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/54. Herpetic lesion mimicking lower eyelid malignancy.This photo-essay illustrates a case of a rapidly enlarging and ulcerated lower eyelid lesion in an hiv-positive man that was thought to be a malignant lesion. The biopsy revealed inclusions consistent with herpesvirus. This clinical entity should be considered in the clinician's differential diagnosis of eyelid lesions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/54. Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy associated with herpes simplex type 1 stomatitis.Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy is a benign leukocytoclastic vasculitis occurring in children younger than 2 years. The etiology is unknown. Viral or bacterial infections, immunizations, and the use of several medications, mainly antibiotics, may be involved in the pathogenesis. We report the first instance of this disease associated with herpesvirus type 1 stomatitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/54. Nosocomial and maternally acquired herpesvirus hominis infections. A report of four fatal cases in neonates.Four fatal cases of neonatal herpes simplex infection occurred during a two-month period in the perinatal intensive care unit of a hospital. Virus isolation or serologic studies, or both, implicated herpesvirus hominis type 2 in all four cases. Three of the infants developed symptoms in the first week of life and were probably infected in utero or at delivery. The fourth infant did not develop signs of illness until age 6 weeks, an interval much longer than that expected with disease acquired at birth. An epidemiologic investigation indicated that the most likely source of this fourth infant's herpes infection was by indirect contact with one of the other three infected neonates. Nosocomial spread of herpes simplex virus within a hospital nursery, although uncommon, may pose an added risk to the newborn infant if nursery techniques among infants are compromised.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/54. Fatal disseminated adenovirus infection in a renal transplant recipient.A 61 year old woman died of diffuse interstitial adenovirus pneumonia 55 days after receiving a cadaveric renal allograft. The adenovirus was serologically distinct from the 33 known human adenovirus serotypes and appears to represent a new human adenovirus. Pathologic and virological findings indicate that the pneumonia was only one manifestation of a disseminated infection, the source of which may have been a latent adenovirus infection preexisting in the donor kidney. The establishment of the etiologic diagnosis in this case, which was complicated by the presence of oculocutaneous and esophageal herpes simplex virus infection as well as focal pulmonary aspergillosis, required coordinated histopathologic and virological investigation. Our findings demonstrate that severe viral infections in transplant recipients are not caused exclusively by members of the herpesvirus group.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/54. vidarabine therapy for severe herpesvirus infections. An unusual syndrome of chronic varicella and transient immunologic deficiency.Six patients with severe herpesvirus infections were successfully treated with vidarabine. One patient had a previously undescribed syndrome of chronic cutaneous varicella infection of eight months' duration, associated with transient but complete duppression of lymphocyte response to conconavalin A. Other diagnoses were severe varicella pneumonia, progressive cytomegalovirus pneumonia associated with acute lymphocytic leukemia, herpes simplex encephalitis, severe zoster associated with stage IV lymphoma, and disseminated herpes simplex in a patient receiving high doses of steroids. All patients showed cessation of new lesions or abrupt clinical improvement between days 2 and 4 after initiation of therapy, and all were cured of their clinical infection. Dramatic improvement in all of our patients and the minimal toxicity observed make vidarabine suitable for use in severe herpesvirus infections.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/54. Disseminated herpesvirus infection. association with primary genital herpes in pregnancy.A patient with primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 genital infection had dissemination in the 37th week of her first pregnancy. This was manifested by severe hepatitis, pancreatitis, and genital lesions. Temporary improvement followed the delivery of a healthy infant by cesarean section. Encephalitis became evident on the third postpartum day, and recovery was complicated by profound bradycardia, possibly due to viral myocarditis. vidarabine was administered for seven days, and the patient survived with only mild neurologic sequellae. To our knowledge, this the fourth reported case of disseminated herpesvirus infection in pregnancy and the first due to HSV type 2. pregnancy must be considered as a possible predisposing factor in dissemination of primary HSV infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/54. Simultaneous isolation of herpesvirus hominis type 2 and cytomegalovirus from the genital tract of a woman.Herpesvirus hominis and cytomegalovirus are closely related deoxyribonucleic acid viruses which have been isolated from the genital tract. This report describes the simultaneous isolation of Herpesvirus hominis type 2 and cytomegalovirus from the genital tract of a woman preceded by the isolation of cytomegalovirus from the semen and a probable herpetic penile infection in her sexual partner.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/54. Atypical herpesvirus hominis type 2 infection in uremic patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy.In four uremic patients (three renal transplant recipients and one with idiopathic thrombocytopenia), painful, initially vesicular lesions developed in the anogenital region while they were receiving immunosuppressive drug therapy. These lesions enlarged, coalesced and ulcerated, presenting a puzzling diagnostic problem. Initial misdiagnoses often resulted in inappropriate antimicrobial therapy. Routine cultures, histologic sections and Tzanck preparations were seldom helpful. The correct diagnosis of herpesvirus hominis (HVH) infection was established within 18 to 48 hours by viral culture of swab or biopsy material. Subsequent identification of isolates as HVH type 2 was confirmed by neutralization kinetics, infectivity titers and ability to plaque in chick embryo cells. Various therapeutic regimens were ineffective. Clinical improvement best correlated with decrease in dosage of immunosuppressive agents.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = herpesvirus (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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