21/136. Ruptured splenic abscess presenting as pneumoperitoneum.Spontaneous pneumoperitoneum follows perforation of hollow viscus; rarely, it may arise from pulmonary interstitial emphysema or intestinal inflammatory disease. We report a 30-year-old man with ruptured splenic abscess who presented with acute abdomen and had pneumoperitoneum. He was treated with splenectomy and is asymptomatic 2 months later.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
22/136. pheochromocytoma presenting as an abdominal emergency: association with perforation of the colon.A pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor derived from the adrenal medulla (or from chromaffin cells of sympathetic ganglia). Its symptoms derive mostly from the excessive release of catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline). hypertension is the most recognized feature of this disease, but gastrointestinal manifestations can on rare occasions be just as serious and life threatening. This report describes a rare case of a 70-year-old woman with pheochromocytoma who developed an acute abdominal emergency with shock and panperitonitis as a result of perforation of the descending colon which was effectively treated by surgical removal of the tumor and the perforated colon. There have been 2 such cases in the English literature in whom a pheochromocytoma was associated with perforation of the colon. Successful surgical removal of such a pheochromocytoma has been not reported previously. Our case demonstrates the importance of recognizing that a pheochromocytoma presents with a wide spectrum of manifestations, and rapid treatment brings improvement to the patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
23/136. Fatal granulomatous disease of childhood: presenting as acute abdomen.Fatal granulomatous disease of childhood is a rare disorder of phagocytic function. We report a 6-year-old boy who presented with acute abdomen. The diagnosis was established by mesenteric lymph node biopsy obtained at laparotomy. The boy succumbed within hours of surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
24/136. Fulminant ischaemic colitis with atypical clinical features complicating sickle cell disease.Clinically significant ischaemic bowel injury is an exceedingly rare complication of sickle cell disease. It manifests as acute surgical abdomen and may respond to conservative treatment. An unusual fatal case of ischaemic colitis with minimal abdominal findings in a young male during a sickle cell vaso-occlusive pain crisis is described. This case demonstrates that an acute surgical abdomen should be considered in such patients who fail to respond to conservative management as untreated this condition may be fatal.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
25/136. Acute abdominal attack of hereditary angioneurotic oedema associated with ultrasound abnormalities suggestive of acute hepatitis.Hereditary angioneurotic oedema (HANO) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a deficiency of the inhibitor protein Cl-esterase. Recurrent subcutaneous and/or submucosal oedema formation is a hallmark of this disease. HANO is a rare, but potentially life-threatening disorder with a mortality around 20-30%. Acute oedematous abdominal attacks of HANO can mimic a surgical emergency; this is exemplified by the case of a 14-y-old male patient with HANO admitted for such clinical manifestations. Conclusion: Diagnostic clues include ascites and abnormalities of hepatic structure visible with ultrasound during the oedematous attack. The importance of appropriate treatment is emphasized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
26/136. Emphysematous pyelitis presenting as an acute abdomen in an end-stage renal disease patient treated with peritoneal dialysis.Emphysematous pyelitis is air in the renal collecting system in patients with urinary tract infections. This entity is uncommon and seen primarily in patients with diabetes mellitus. We report a case of a patient with end-stage renal disease treated with peritoneal dialysis who developed emphysematous pyelitis who presented with signs and symptoms that were more consistent with appendicitis. The spectrum of infections causing air in the urinary tract and the method by which end-stage renal disease patients are treated are discussed. patients receiving dextrose peritoneal dialysis are at risk for emphysematous pyelonephritis, pyelitis, and cystitis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
27/136. Isolated gangrene of the round and falciform liver ligaments: a rare cause of peritonitis: case report and review of the world literature.Isolated infection and/or gangrene of the round and falciform liver ligaments is among the rarest causes of acute abdomen. The diagnosis is based on demonstrating localized or patchy inflammatory or gangrenous changes in the ligaments without apparent etiology. We report the case of an 18-year-old male who presented with a 24-hour history of generalized abdominal pain and distention, nausea, and vomiting. With a preoperative diagnosis of probable perforated duodenal ulcus and generalized peritonitis the patient underwent emergency surgery. Multiple patchy gangrenous areas of the round and falciform ligaments were found starting from the umbilicus up to the hepatic hilum. The ligaments were resected in toto. The patient's postoperative course was unremarkable. No apparent etiology of the condition was found. We provide the first extensive review of the world literature. Isolated infection and/or gangrene of the round and falciform liver ligaments should be suspected in patients with upper abdominal complaints when imaging studies demonstrate ligament abnormality, tumor, or fluid. Treatment is only surgical. Depending on surgeon's expertise, patient's condition, and severity and extent of disease either open or laparoscopic surgery may be performed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
28/136. diaphragm disease of the small bowel--a case report and literature review.A 75-year-old man who had an emergency laparotomy for small bowel obstruction was found at operation to have multiple mid-ileal strictures. histology of the resected specimen confirmed diaphragm disease of the bowel. The pathogenesis of this disease remains unclear but it is associated with long-term use of NSAID. diagnosis is often difficult as many clinicians are unaware of this condition. The relevant literature has been reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
29/136. Ruptured ovarian granulosa cell tumors as a cause of the acute abdomen.A rare case of acute abdomen syndrome due to a ruptured ovarian tumor and a penetrated fallopian tube is described. Based on the intraoperative finding and patient's age, a right-sided salpingo-oophorectomy, appendectomy and peritoneal washings were performed. After a histological diagnosis of malignant granulosa cell tumors and FIGO IIA clinical classification, the patient returned 1 month after the procedure. A relaparotomy with a hysterectomy, left-sided salpingo-oophorectomy and omentectomy were then performed. No spread was found during the laparotomy, and the histologic diagnosis pointed to adenomyosis and chronic cervicitis. The patient regularly presents for control examination, and has now been free for 11 years since the surgery from clinical, biochemical or ultrasonographic signs of a relapse of the disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
30/136. Ruptured giant liver cyst: a rare cause of acute abdomen in a haemodialysis patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common hereditary disorder. Although liver involvement is the most frequent extra-renal manifestation, serious complications due to liver cysts are very rare. We report the occurrence of an acute abdomen caused by massive haemoperitoneum resulting from rupture of a giant liver cyst in ADPKD. Data suggest that chronic anticoagulation therapy should be avoided where possible in the presence of a giant liver cyst.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = disease (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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