1/74. Esophageal undifferentiated carcinoma displaying marked chondroid differentiation at metastatic foci.A report of an unusual esophageal tumor in an 81-year-old man is presented. The primary tumor was diagnosed as undifferentiated carcinoma at biopsy and had disappeared after irradiation treatment. However, multiple metastases were noted in the brain, lungs, kidneys, adrenals and spleen at autopsy. Histologically, metastases showed marked cartilaginous metaplasia as demonstrated by light microscopy, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies, although the initial biopsy sample did not possess chondroid matrix. Furthermore, an apparent transition could be traced from carcinomatous to chondroid cells, suggesting that the chondroid cells were derived from carcinoma cells. The carcinomatous area partially showed both squamous and glandular differentiation, although they were poorly differentiated. A retrospective immunohistochemical study that used a panel of antibodies suggested a phenotypic relevance between primary and metastatic tumors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/74. carcinosarcoma of the submandibular salivary gland.We report a rare case of submandibular salivary gland carcinosarcoma ('true' malignant mixed tumour) which occurred in a 77-year-old man. Microscopic examination showed a neoplasm comprised of sarcomatous elements (chondrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma) with tabular salivary ductal adenocarcinoma. A short review of the literature is also presented and the poor prognosis of these tumours, in spite of complete surgical removal and additional radiation therapy and chemotherapy, is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/74. Blastomatous tumor with teratoid features of nasal cavity: report of a case and review of the literature.A case of blastomatous tumor with teratoid features is presented. The polypoid mass was observed in the left nasal cavity of a 72-year-old man. Histologically, the lesion was composed of neuroepithelial cells with blastomatous appearance, cystic squamous nests filled with keratin materials, many mucous glands, complex tubular and glandular structures with edematous fibroblastic stroma. Sinonasal neoplasms including teratoid components and immature neuroepithelium are exceedingly rare. We suggest that the term 'immature teratoma' is more suitable than blastoma or blastomatous tumor when there is no carcinomatous or sarcomatous component besides the immature neuroepithelium and teratoid elements.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/74. Initial report of a case of carcinosarcoma of the supraglottis.Minor salivary gland carcinosarcoma is a rare malignancy with an ominous prognosis. This report recounts a single case of supraglottic minor salivary gland carcinosarcoma that was treated aggressively. We discuss the peculiarities of the histology, with special mention of the distinction that must be made between mucosal-origin and salivary-gland-origin carcinosarcoma. Carcinosarcomas are aggressive regardless of their origin, but differentiating their origin is important because the prognosis is worse for those that arise in salivary glands than for those that originate in the surface epithelium. This report adds to the literature a new case of minor salivary-gland-origin carcinosarcoma involving the upper airway. It is the first case we could identify in which the supraglottis was involved.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/74. diagnosis of recurrent uterine carcinosarcoma by fine-needle aspiration cytology: report of a case.Uterine carcinosarcomas are uncommon, aggressive neoplasms usually afflicting postmenopausal women. Histologically, they are characterized by the presence of both malignant epithelial and stromal cells. The latter may be either homologous or heterologous in nature. The cytologic diagnosis of carcinosarcoma via fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was previously described for primary tumors arising in the parotid gland, breast, lung, and ovary. Although the diagnosis of uterine carcinosarcoma via cervicovaginal, endometrial, and peritoneal fluid cytology has been described, the FNA cytology diagnosis of recurrent uterine carcinosarcoma has only been rarely described. We present a case of recurrent uterine carcinosarcoma in a 59-yr-old woman, diagnosed by ultrasound-guided FNA cytology. Cytologic smears showed a biphasic neoplasm consisting of both malignant columnar epithelial and spindle cells, in a background of tumor diathesis. This case illustrates the diagnostic utility of aspiration cytology in the investigation of recurrent carcinosarcoma in clinically suspicious lesions arising postsurgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/74. Salivary gland carcinosarcoma: immunohistochemical, molecular genetic and electron microscopic findings.Salivary gland carcinosarcoma, or true malignant mixed tumor, is a very rare and extremely aggressive neoplasm. The clonality and clonal origin of this tumor are discussed controversially. We report a carcinosarcoma of the left parotid gland in a patient who subsequently died of cutaneous, lymphatic and pulmonary metastases. Immunohistochemical staining, electron micrograph analysis, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis and sequence analysis were performed on this tumor with an adenocarcinomatous and a predominant spindle cell-like component. While smooth muscle actin was undetectable by immunohistochemistry, cytoplasmatic myoepithelial structures could be detected by electron microscopy. LOH analysis at 12 genomic locations detected complete deletion of one allele at 17p13.1, 17q21. 3, and 18q21.3 indicating allelic loss in both components of the tumor. Double strand sequencing of the remaining allele of the p53 tumor suppressor gene revealed a wild-type allele. Based on our results, we favor the hypothesis of monoclonal origin of this salivary gland carcinosarcoma with a common stem cell that could be the myoepithelial cell and an inactivated tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 17 other than p53.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/74. carcinosarcoma of the parotid gland: ultrasound and computed tomography findings.carcinosarcoma is a rare tumour of the salivary gland. The ultrasound and CT appearances of a rapidly enlarging carcinosarcoma in the parotid are described. Both modalities revealed a 4-cm tumour with relatively benign features and no evidence of lymphadenopathy. Ultrasound showed a well-defined mass of homogeneous low echogenicity and posterior acoustic enhancement. Computed tomography showed a parotid mass of homogeneous attenuation similar to muscle, and homogeneous enhancement following contrast. The clue to the malignant nature of the lesion was a short indistinct superficial margin with tumour extension into the adjacent subcutaneous tissues.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/74. carcinosarcoma of the parotid gland: cytological, clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of a case.Manifesting a putative origin from a pleomorphic adenoma, carcinosarcoma of the salivary gland is a heterologous neoplasm in which a sarcomatous and a carcinomatous component coexist. We present a parotid gland carcinosarcoma in a 77-year-old man with peculiar morphological findings. Fine-needle aspiration cytology allowed a preoperative diagnosis of poorly differentiated carcinoma. At histologic examination, the tumor showed biphasic differentiation with an epithelial component made up of well-differentiated keratinizing squamous carcinoma and ductal-type adenocarcinoma, and a mesenchymal component, revealing focal areas of osteosarcoma and myoepithelial malignant proliferation. carcinosarcoma is a very rare malignant neoplasm, accounting for 0.16% of malignant salivary gland tumors: only 60 cases have been reported, some of which arose "de novo", i.e., without clinico-pathologic evidence of a pre- or co-existing pleomorphic adenoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/74. A case of small polypoid esophageal carcinoma with multidirectional differentiation, including neuroendocrine, squamous, ciliated glandular, and sarcomatous components.A small composite esophageal carcinoma measuring 1.5 x 1.4 x 1.0 cm is described. The tumor had a polypoid elevation with a superficial extension. Histologic examination revealed invasion of the submucosal layer and multidirectional differentiation, including neuroendocrine, squamous, ciliated glandular, and sarcomatous components. The neuroendocrine component was strongly positive for chromogranin and formed the bulk of the polypoid tumor. The squamous cell carcinoma exhibited a superficial extension. The adenocarcinoma was located in a small region of the tumor and contained ciliated glandular cells. The spindle cell sarcomatous component, which was positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin and negative for cytokeratin, exhibited no specific mesenchymal differentiation. Each component was found in 60%, 10%, 5%, and 25% of the tumor, respectively. Cases of small composite esophageal carcinoma containing various carcinomatous and sarcomatous components are extremely rare.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/74. Malignant sarcomatoid tumor of the liver: report of a case.A 65-year-old man was referred to our hospital for treatment of a liver tumor. Abdominal ultrasonography (US) demonstrated a low echoic mass in the S2-S4 region of the liver, which was confirmed by abdominal computed tomography (CT). In the delayed phase of angio-CT, the inside of the mass was not enhanced. Abdominal angiography showed a hypovascular area in the liver. An extended left lobectomy was performed. Macroscopically, the tumor was 9.5 x 9.5 cm in size, and on cross section, it was white and clearly demarcated from the surrounding tissue. Microscopic observation of hematoxylin-eosin-stained specimens did not show any glandular or trabecular formation. Histologically, there was diffuse proliferation of atypical spindle cells that had hyperchromatic, short, spindle-shaped nuclei, and pale cytoplasm with poor intercellular adhesion. The nontumorous tissue was almost normal with no sign of cirrhosis. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the spindle cells were positive for vimentin and cytokeratins (AE1/AE3, CAM 5.2), but negative for all other markers. The final diagnosis was a sarcomatoid carcinoma, the origin of which was not able to be confirmed immunohistochemically. This case of a primary hepatic tumor composed of malignant cells with sarcomatous features is described, and the immunohistochemical findings are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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