1/17. Angiography in the diagnosis and therapy of hemorrhage from the large bowel.Angiography has added a new dimension to the management of hemorrhage from the large bowel. In patients with diverticular hemorrhage, mesenteric angiography not only localizes the bleeding site but, in addition, the bleeding can be acutely controlled with intraarterial infusion of vasopressin, making an emergency colectomy unnecessary. Similarly in patients bleeding from inflammatory bowel disease or in patients with post-operative hemorrhage, angiography provides information about the nature of the lesion and selective arterial infusions of vasopressin can control the bleeding. At times intestinal varices have angiographically been demonstrated as a potential source of rectal hemorrhage while in patients with unexplained lower gastrointestinal bleeding and repeatedly negative barium and endoscopic examinations, angiography has been valuable for the diagnosis of angiodysplasia of the colon.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/17. Intrarenal varix mimicking a cystic renal tumor.BACKGROUND: A case of intrarenal varix in a 60-year-old woman is reported. methods/RESULTS: The preoperative diagnosis was cystic tumor in the central part of the left kidney. Retrospectively, gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated a layered gadolinium sign, indicating the vascular nature of the mass. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience shows that urologists should be aware of the possible presence of a renal cystic mass of vascular origin and of the usefulness of gadolinium-enhanced MR examination for making an identification.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/17. Epidural varix at the cervicothoracic junction: unusual cause of quadriplegia: a case report.STUDY DESIGN: A case report describing an unusual incident of quadriplegia in a young adult male caused by an epidural varix at the cervicothoracic junction. OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual case of quadriplegia caused by an epidural varix at the cervicothoracic junction. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Epidural varices are dilated tortuous elongated veins inside the central canal. In degenerative spinal stenosis, these varices are a result of venous stagnation and contribute to the pathogenesis of radicular pain. In the absence of stenosis, primary varicosities develop as a result of dynamic obstruction to venous outflow during spinal movements. A primary epidural varix can produce neurologic deficit similar to a space occupying lesion within the spinal canal. The myeloradiculopathy is of a slow progressive nature. MATERIAL AND methods: A young man presented with an acute onset flaccid quadriplegia in the absence of significant trauma. magnetic resonance imaging revealed an extradural space occupying lesion at the cervicothoracic junction that was diagnosed as an isolated epidural varix during surgery. RESULTS: No neurologic recovery occurred. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed a syrinx in the cervicothoracic cord. CONCLUSION: In the absence of other precipitating factors, the cord injury was attributed to the epidural varix. A temporary impedance to the venous outflow with the increase in the venous pressure has been hypothesized as the mechanism of cord injury.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/17. Cross-sectional imaging of idiopathic solitary renal vein varix: report of two cases.Two cases of solitary renal vein varices are reported which presented as incidental findings on abdominal computed tomography (CT) and were initially thought to represent retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Contrast-enhanced CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and Doppler ultrasound (US), all demonstrated the vascular nature of these masses suggesting the correct diagnosis. When a rounded soft tissue density mass is seen on noncontrast-enhanced CT either in or contiguous to the renal hilum, a renal vein varix must be excluded. Doppler US, MRI, or dynamic contrast-enhanced CT should be done to exclude a renal varix as the cause.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/17. Multiple infiltrating glomus tumors in children.Two children with multiple infiltrating glomus tumors of the lower extremities presented in infancy with clinical and, in one, radiological, signs of varicose veins. Surgical therapy was followed by multiple recurrences, a phenomenon attributable to the infiltrative properties of the tumor. This variant of multiple glomus tumor may be congenital and is probably hamartomatous in nature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/17. Retinal varicosity in Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome.A retinal varicosity in the Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is observed and diagnosed in a 24-year-old female. fluorescein angiography was used to illustrate and specify the nature of the retinal vascular anomaly.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/17. Varix of the vortex vein ampulla.Varix of the vortex vein ampulla is a bulging of the vein and overlying retina into the vitreous. It is of uncertain etiology. The lesion is lightly pigmented and ranges in size from one to three disc diameters. It has a dynamic nature and can be flattened by applying pressure to the globe. Viewing the varix is greatly enhanced with red-free light. Three cases are presented as incidental findings during routine examination, and one as a referral. Varices are a benign condition requiring no treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/17. Renal sinus varix: an additional differential diagnosis of a renal hilar mass.Renal sinus varix of the left kidney in a patient with circumaortic left renal vein is described. CT appearance of the varix resembled parapelvic cyst except that the varix did not displace or stretch the collecting system. The venous phase of left renal arteriography disclosed its nature. Renal sinus varix should be added to the differential diagnoses of renal hilar mass.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/17. enophthalmos: a clinical review.Twenty-six cases of enophthalmos were reviewed. The causes in order of frequency were: orbital asymmetry (8); trauma (5); orbital metastasis (4); microphthalmos (2); orbital varix (2); maxillary mucocele (2); localized scleroderma (1); absence of sphenoid wing (neurofibromatosis) (1); post irradiation atrophy (1). Only six of the patients (23%) were referred with the diagnosis of enophthalmos, suggesting the sign maybe subtle and is frequently missed or misdiagnosed. The nature of the causes underscore the need for careful and thorough diagnosis. In particular, the therapeutic implications of diagnosing metastatic disease, maxillary mucocele, and orbital varices is noted. A review of etiology and mechanisms of enophthalmos point to the diversity, importance and conditions causing this sign.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/17. Varicosity of the left renal ascending lumbar communicant vein: a pitfall in CT diagnosis.An anastomosis between the left renal and left ascending lumbar veins may appear as a mass on CT scans due to a varicosity where the veins separate. Intravenous injection of contrast material reveals the vascular nature of the mass.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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