1/10. Benign periurethral masses in women.Benign periurethral masses were encountered in 4 women. The masses included 2 vaginal leiomyomas, 1 of which was found simultaneously with a urethral diverticulum, a fibrocystic urethral mass and hyperplastic glandular tissue obstructing the bladder outlet and resembling male prostate. The physical and endoscopic features were helpful in establishing the benign nature and extent of the lesions. Although the bladder base was deformed on an excretory urographic cystogram in each case the radiographic features were non-specific except as they applied to a urethral diverticulum. Transvaginal needle biopsy is recommended in contemplation of open surgical excision. Leiomyomas are best approached transvaginally and anterior urethral masses can be reached suprapubically.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the male urethra.We present a rare case of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the male urethra. These tumors are usually presented with hematuria, obstructive voiding symptoms or urinary retention. Histologically, they display tubulocystic, tubular, papillary or diffuse patterns with clear and hobnail cells. The present case of this rare disease emphasizes the aggressive nature of urethral clear cell adenocarcinoma in males.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. female paraurethral leiomyoma: ultrasonographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings.Primary benign paraurethral tumors in females are observed only rarely. They may occasionally be detected at physical examination or present with symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction. A leiomyoma originating from the smooth muscle fibers of the urethra in a 43-year-old woman is reported. The benign nature of the lesion was suspected on the basis of transvaginal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Surgical enucleation was performed and light microscopy showed a well-differentiated smooth muscle tumor.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Carcinoma within urethral diverticula.Because diagnosis of urethral diverticulum is often elusive the presence of a tumor within the diverticular cavity may be overlooked until it has grown beyond the confines of the diverticulum. A search of the medical records from 1940 to 1975 at the University of california Medical Center in san francisco and Alta Bates Hospital in Berkeley has revealed only 3 cases of carcinoma within a urethral diverticulum. Two are presented here and the third was reported by Hinman in 1960. The paucity of cases in the literature reflects the rarity of such location for the tumor--or, perhaps, rather its evasive diagnostic nature. Undoubtedly, many cases are unreported but the important message for the clinician is that he suspect a urethral diverticulum (with the possibility of underlying neoplasm) in any patient with unexplained persistent irritative symptoms of the lower genitourinary tract.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. Further studies of intestinal heterotopia in urethral caruncle.Colonic mucosa-like intestinal heterotopia in a urethral caruncle is reported in a 2 yr 7 mth old girl and three women; 55, 71 and 78 yrs old. The occurrence of the anomaly in a child supports the first two author's earlier suggestion that the condition is congenital in nature. In princip this could also be the case in post-menopausal women, although the possibility of metaplasia must also be considered. Perhaps the condition could be a precursor of some adenocarcinomas of the distal urethra.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. Papillary adenomas of prostatic urethra with ultrastructural histogenetic considerations.Benign urethral lesions are rather uncommon, and relatively few cases have been described in the literature. Malignant neoplasms, such as squamous and transitional cell carcinomas, occur more frequently. The latter usually present as papillary lesions. Specifically, papillary adenomas of the prostatic urethra are very unusual and rare lesions. They are usually seen in children but occasionally are found in the adult. Symptoms include urinary obstruction, infection, enuresis, sexual disturbances, or hematuria. Two cases of papillary adenomas are presented in this article. The lesion is important because it can be a source of significant hematuria, but can be cured easily at cystoscopy by local excision. This article describes the electron microscopic findings in two of these tumors, trying to elucidate their histogenesis and nature. No ultrastructural studies of these lesions have been reported previously.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. polyps and papillary lesions of the prostatic urethra.There is confusion over the type and nature of polypoid and papillary lesions of the prostatic urethra. These are uncommon growths which may present clinically with hematuria, frequency, obstruction or hematospermia. Pathologically, they usually occur in the region of the verumontanum and show papillary epithelial overgrowth. There is much variation in the terminology applied to such lesions, and many different theories of histogenesis have been advanced. Both benign and malignant lesions may occur. Two cases, one benign and one malignant, are described. The literature is reviewed and a rational nomenclature and histogenesis are proposed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. melanoma of the female urethra.Our patient had a highly malignant and poorly differentiated tumor in the distal urethra. A conservative operation was performed because the precise nature of the tumor was not clear with light microscopy. An ultrastructural study established the final diagnosis of malignant urethral melanoma and anterior exenteration was performed. An aggressive operation should be considered as the primary approach once malignant melanoma is diagnosed. Ultrastructural studies should be introduced early in the diagnostic process when light microscopy is insufficient to provide a definitive diagnosis of urethral malignancy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. Prolapsing urethral polyp in child with hypospadias.This report details the first published case of a urethral polyp presenting as a prolapse through the proximally displaced meatus of a child with hypospadias. urethral obstruction, a symptom common to other reported urethral polyps, was absent. The congenital nature suggests a benign neoplastic process as the etiologic factor.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. Urethral caruncle with atypical stromal cells simulating lymphoma or sarcoma--a distinctive pseudoneoplastic lesion of females. A report of six cases.Six urethral caruncles in women aged 32 to 82 (average, 56) years contained atypical stromal cells raising concern for a neoplasm. The atypical cells varied from spindled to round, the latter predominating, and typically had scant cytoplasm. A minority of the cells were binucleated or multinucleated and often had prominent nucleoli. A single mitotic figure was found in the atypical cells in one case. The atypical cells were characteristically present in an edematous background containing numerous inflammatory cells and were focally crowded together in five cases. The differential diagnosis in these cases included a florid reactive proliferation of lymphoid cells, but immunohistochemical stains failed to support a lymphoid nature for the atypical cells and also helped to exclude malignant lymphoma, the neoplasm most often simulated. Because of the invariable additional component of atypical spindle cells resembling those described in the stroma of the lower female genital tract and in polyps in a variety of sites, the round cells likely represent a variant of this atypical mesenchymal cell. Similar round mesenchymal cells have also been documented in the gastrointestinal tract, especially the stomach. Immunohistochemical stains in this series showed them to be positive for vimentin in four of four cases and for alpha smooth-muscle actin in two of four cases. The prominence of atypical round stromal cells in these cases appears to be a distinctive feature of some urethral caruncles. The presence of these cells should not lead to misinterpretation of the lesion as a neoplastic process.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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