1/11. actinomycosis of the vocal cord: a case report.A 30-year-old Chinese lady was admitted for hoarseness of voice of one month's duration. Clinical examination revealed a granuloma of the left vocal cord while chest X-ray showed an opacity in the lower lobe of the right lung. The provisional clinical diagnosis was tuberculous laryngitis. A biopsy of the vocal cord lesion revealed inflamed tissue with actinomycotic colonies. Cultures and sputum smears did not reveal any tuberculous bacilli. The patient responded to a 6-week course of intravenous C-penicillin, regaining her voice on day 5 of commencement of antibiotics. A subsequent CT scan of the neck and thorax revealed multiple non-cavitating nodular lesions in both lung fields, felt to be indicative of resolving actinomycosis. She was discharged well after completion of treatment. It was felt that this is a case of primary actinomycosis of the vocal cord with probably secondary pulmonary actinomycosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/11. Tonsillar tuberculosis associated with pulmonary and laryngeal foci.Tonsillar tuberculosis is one of the uncommon forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We report a case of tonsillar tuberculosis associated with pulmonary and laryngeal foci. A 23-year-old female was admitted for evaluation of hoarseness and difficulty in swallowing. Bilateral palatine tonsils were enlarged, and a tonsillectomy was performed. Since a histological study revealed tonsillar tuberculosis, antituberculous agents were administered. After the treatment the pulmonary lesions detected with chest computed tomography were improved, and her symptoms were relieved. The possibility of tonsillar tuberculosis should be considered when unexplained enlarged tonsil is observed in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/11. Pseudo tumoral laryngeal tuberculosis.An 11-year-old female child presented with high grade intermittent fever and cough for a duration of 6-7 months and hoarseness of voice for 6 months. Skiagram of the chest showed evidence of miliary mottling. Direct laryngoscopic examination revealed inflammatory swelling over left vocal cord. The biopsy of the swelling showed chronic granulomatous lesion. Patient improved remarkably with anti-tubercular therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/11. A young man with hoarseness of voice.A 45 year-old driver presented with a two months history of hoarseness, fever, productive cough, anorexia and weight loss. He chewed tobacco. He was previously seen and treated without benefit by a family Physician and two ear, nose and throat consultants. Crackles were heard in the left scapular region. An X-Ray of the chest showed a right apical cavity, perihilar infiltrates and blunting of left costophrenic angle. His sputum smear showed acid fast bacilli. A high index of suspicion for tuberculosis is recommended while dealing with such cases. Complete recovery of patient's voice with anti-tubercular therapy confirmed it was a case of laryngeal tuberculosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/11. Laryngeal tuberculosis in childhood.Laryngeal tuberculosis is an extremely rare condition in childhood, although probably less so in the underdeveloped world. We have described two cases treated concurrently in our wards. The first case showed features of a pharyngopalatotonsillar membrane, an exquisitely painful edematous pharynx and larynx and was initially sputum-negative for acid-fast bacilli. This presentation fits the hematogenous form of disease and stresses that: laryngeal tuberculosis is not confined to cases of far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis; tuberculosis should enter the differential diagnosis of pharyngeal, tonsillar and palatal lesions (especially membranoulcerative lesions); and there is a common association between laryngeal and abdominal tuberculosis. Her treatment included a 1-month course of steroids and to date (12 months after onset) she shows no signs of complications. The edematous form of laryngeal tuberculosis may be yet another indication for the use of steroids in tuberculosis. Our second patient presented with prolonged chest symptoms, initial positive sputum for acid-fast bacilli and localized granulomatous laryngeal disease, features of far advanced "adult" disease and bronchogenic laryngeal spread. Laryngeal tuberculosis usually responds rapidly to antituberculosis chemotherapy. This was clinically and endoscopically confirmed in both our cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/11. Tuberculosis presenting as laryngeal stridor in a child.A three and a half-year-old boy developed stridor after insertion of grommets for bilateral secretory otitis media. Despite treatment with steroids systemically and locally, antibiotics and an antihistamine, the stridor worsened. Microlaryngotracheobronchoscopy (MLB) demonstrated laryngeal granulations, in which, by auramine and Ziehl-Neelsen staining, acid-fast bacilli were seen, and from which subsequently mycobacterium tuberculosis grew in culture. Following the MLB the child became comatosed and a clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis involving the central nervous system was made. Despite quadruple antituberculous chemotherapy he died 8 days later. A Mantoux test was negative and a chest radiograph was normal. Acid-fast bacilli were not demonstrated on repeated examinations of cerebrospinal fluid, nor were they grown ante mortem or post mortem from samples of cerebrospinal fluid.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/11. Laryngeal tuberculosis: review of twenty cases.Despite a dramatic reduction in incidence of laryngeal tuberculosis over the last three decades, tuberculous involvement still has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of laryngeal lesions. The majority of the 20 cases in our series consists of patients in whom the working diagnosis of carcinoma of the larynx was initially made. These patients presented with the chief complaint of hoarseness of several months duration, frequently associated with dysphagia, but in most cases with chest symptoms that were not prominent despite the fact that most of these patients had far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis. This presentation consists of a detailed analysis of 20 cases, and a discussion of the incidence, pathogenesis, clinical presentation and management of laryngeal tuberculosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/11. Laryngeal tuberculosis presenting as carcinoma.A typical patient had laryngeal tuberculosis (TB) mimicking carcinoma. The accompanying patient complaints from a representative literature survey are discussed. The difficulty of clinically differentiating laryngeal carcinoma from TB or another granulomatous process is stressed, as in the utility of obtaining a simple chest roentgenogram, a TB skin test, and, when indicated, a sputum examination. The pathogenesis of laryngeal TB and the treatment of health care personnel exposed to such a patient also is mentioned. The spectrum of TB, as well as the spectrum of physicians treating TB, is changing. The presence of a laryngeal process in a patient with active pulmonary TB is an important association that must not be overlooked.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/11. Tuberculosis of the larynx masquerading as carcinoma.A patient with laryngeal and pulmonary tuberculosis is described. The similarity between the clinical presentation and gross appearance of laryngeal carcinoma and tuberculosis in this patient and others reported in the literature is emphasized. Laryngeal biopsy is necessary to establish the correct diagnosis, but this must be done only after the proper precautions are taken to reduce the risk of infection to the physician performing the biopsy. Examination of the chest x-ray and acid-fast stain of the sputum are rapid and highly reliable screening tests for laryngeal tuberculosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/11. Infectiousness of a university student with laryngeal and cavitary tuberculosis. Investigative team.A search for the source of infection for four children with tuberculosis (TB) identified a university student with cavitary and laryngeal TB. An investigation was conducted at the university, including tuberculin skin test (TST) screening and the use of questionnaires, chest radiographs, and dna fingerprint analyses of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Six students with active TB were identified. All were linked to the source case. TSTs were positive for 22.4% of 419 students who had contact with the source case vs. 3.6% of 1,306 students without contact. The odds of a positive TST increased to 9.0 with 80 hours of classroom contact. Infectiousness increased significantly in the last of three semesters during which the source case was symptomatic (RR of a positive TST in classmates, 4.8; 95% CI, 1.8-11.8). TST conversions were documented in 23 students; eight had, at most, 5 hours of classroom contact. The source case was highly infectious; transmission following only a few hours of exposure was documented. Her infectiousness increased as her clinical course progressed. This report illustrates the potential infectiousness of TB cases and demonstrates important aspects of tuberculosis control.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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