11/43. pneumocystis carinii infection in the middle ear.pneumocystis carinii is the opportunistic pathogen frequently causing pneumonitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Extrapulmonic manifestation of P carinii is unusual and is commonly associated with severe systemic illness, other immune deficiency status, malignancy, or immune suppression. We describe a case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with manifestations of P carinii otitis media with severe otalgia and conductive hearing loss.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/43. Case report: disseminated pneumocystis carinii infection in a patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome causing thyroid gland calcification and hypothyroidism.We present the case of a homosexual male patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who developed disseminated infection with pneumocystis carinii. He presented with symptoms and signs of thyroid disease, and developed thyroid gland calcification. This was later histologically proven to be due to P. carinii infection. Disseminated P. carinii infection is rare, and this case represents the first report to our knowledge of thyroid gland involvement causing both hypothyroidism and calcification.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.75keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/43. pneumocystis carinii peritonitis. Antemortem confirmation of disseminated pneumocystosis by cytologic examination of body fluids.Histologic confirmation of extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has usually required organ biopsy when the diagnosis was made antemortem. Three cases of Pneumocystis peritonitis were studied in which confirmation of extrapulmonary dissemination was achieved by cytologic examination of ascitic fluid. patients presented with characteristic choroidal lesions, transudative ascites, profound hypoalbuminemia, and hepatic dysfunction. Cytologic examination of ascitic fluid confirmed extrapulmonary dissemination of pneumocystis. All three patients died despite a minimum of 2 weeks of standard therapy. Cytologic examination of body fluids to confirm dissemination of Pneumocystis may obviate the need for organ biopsy. Disseminated pneumocystosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of ascites or peritonitis in a patient at risk for human immunodeficiency virus--associated opportunistic infections. The presence of transudative ascites may be characteristic of this syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/43. Cytology of extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.Rare cases of extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii (EPPC) have been seen in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We report seven such diagnoses of nonpulmonary P carinii (PC) from four AIDS patients between 1986 and 1989. The specimens included fine needle aspirate of liver, spleen, periarticular tissue and pleura as well as ankle fluid, pleural fluid and ascites. In some, but not all, cases the patients had concurrent or previous episodes of PC pneumonia. In all cases the typical granular, eosinophilic aggregates of PC cysts were noted on routine Papanicolaou staining, leading to the definitive detection of PC cysts with Grocott silver stain. In most cases, evidence for granulomalike and neovascularized tissue reaction was present in cytologic material. One specimen demonstrated concurrent acid fast bacilli. In the setting of AIDS, cytology of effusions and masses should include an evaluation for EPPC.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/43. Otic and ophthalmic pneumocystosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Report of a case and review of the literature.A case of primary pneumocystis carinii infection involving the left middle ear of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is described, and the literature on the otic and ophthalmic pneumocystosis is reviewed. Otic pneumocystosis typically presents as a unilateral polypoid mass, and it is clinically manifested as otalgia, hearing loss, or, sometimes, otorrhea without evidence of current respiratory disease or previous Pneumocystis pneumonia. In contrast, choroidal pneumocystosis usually occurs in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with at least one previous episode of Pneumocystis pneumonia and aerosolized pentamidine treatment, it is usually asymptomatic and bilateral, and it may be discovered only because of other concurrent human immunodeficiency virus-related ophthalmic disease. The diagnosis is made clinically, and intravenous antiparasite treatment is successful.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/43. Dual infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pneumocystis jiroveci lymphadenitis in a Patient with hiv infection: case report and review of the literature.We report a case of dual mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and Pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii) (PCP) lymphadenitis in a patient with hiv who had been receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) as systemic prophylaxis for PCP. This patient was successfully treated with antituberculosis medications and TMP-SMX. Our review of the literature identified this as the first reported case of dual TB and PCP lymphadenitis in an hiv-infected host and highlights the potential limitations of TMP-SMX prophylaxis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/43. cryptogenic organizing pneumonia associated with pneumocystis carinii infection and sirolimus therapy in a renal transplant patient.We present the case of a renal transplant patient on sirolimus (rapamycin) therapy who developed cryptogenic organizing pneumonia in association with pneumocystis carinii infection. To our knowledge, such a case has not been previously reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/43. Progression of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients receiving echinocandin therapy.echinocandins are a novel class of antifungal drugs that target beta (1, 3)-D-glucan synthesis. Animal studies have shown that these agents have activity against Pneumocystis jiroveci infection; however, clinical data are lacking. We reviewed all cases of proven P. jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) in non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients at our hospital over a 5 year period (2001-2005). Two patients received conventional PCP treatment and concomitant use of echinocandins for presumed invasive aspergillus. In both cases, PCP progressed, and the patient died. The use of echinocandins in the prevention or treatment of PCP cannot be recommended without evidence to support their effectiveness.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/43. Disseminated pneumocystosis without pulmonary involvement during prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine therapy in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.Pneumocystosis, the most common opportunistic infection associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is usually restricted to the lungs and results in severe bilateral pneumonia, which is fatal unless vigorously treated. Rare cases have been reported in which involvement of other organs or disseminated disease occurred in addition to the pulmonary lesions. pentamidine, an efficient drug used intravenously for the treatment of pulmonary pneumocystosis, has also recently been used in aerosolized form for the prevention of Pneumocystis infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In the present case, widely disseminated, though symptomless, pneumocystosis developed in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive individual treated prophylactically with aerosolized pentamidine. Despite heavy multiorgan infection with pneumocystis carinii, the lungs revealed no microorganisms or characteristic inflammatory lesions. This case indicates that aerosolized pentamidine, while efficient against the pulmonary infection, may not produce fungicidal blood levels sufficient for the prevention of disseminated pneumocystosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/43. pneumocystis carinii in FNA of the thyroid.We report the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii (PC) in a fine-needle aspirate (FNA) from the thyroid of a human immunodeficiency virus infected (hiv ) male receiving aerosolized pentamidine as prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). The clinical diagnosis prior to FNA was multinodular goiter. The patient did not have pulmonary symptoms nor previous diagnosis of PCP at the time of the aspirate diagnosis. Recently, extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii (EPC) has been reported with increasing frequency in hiv patients receiving prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine. awareness of extrapulmonary presentations of pneumocystis carinii infection is a prerequisite for accurate cytologic diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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