1/154. vancomycin-induced neutropenia associated with fever: similarities between two immune-mediated drug reactions.A 39-year-old woman being treated for osteomyelitis with vancomycin developed severe neutropenia and drug fever. After she discontinued therapy, both disorders quickly resolved. These adverse reactions have rarely been reported with vancomycin, and share many similarities with regard to clinical features and postulated mechanisms of induction. To our knowledge this is the first case documenting drug fever as a principal component of vancomycin-induced neutropenia, and provides further evidence in support of an immune-mediated mechanism.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = drug (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/154. Myelopathy secondary to spinal epidural abscess: case reports and a review.Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a rare disease with an unknown incidence rate. This paper will illustrate that early diagnosis and rehabilitation may result in improved outcomes for patients with neck or back pain presenting with neurological deficits. Three cases of SEA in individuals without the commonly acknowledged risk factors of intravenous drug abuse (IVDA), invasive procedures, or immunosuppression were seen at our institution during a 10-month period between October 1995 and July 1996. The patients presented with neck or thoracic back pain and progressive neurological deficits without a febrile illness. Predisposing factors were thought to be urinary tract infection with underlying untreated diabetes mellitus in the first case, a history of recurrent skin infection in the second, and alcoholism without a definite source of infection in the third. leukocytosis, elevated sedimentation rate, and confirmatory findings reported on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) led to the diagnosis of SEA in all three cases. Immediate surgical drainage and decompression followed by proper antibiotic treatment and early aggressive rehabilitation led to good functional outcomes. All the individuals became independent in activities of daily living, wheelchair mobility, and bowel and bladder management. Two eventually became ambulatory.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = drug (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/154. nocardia osteomyelitis in a pachymeningitis patient: an example of a difficult case to treat with antimicrobial agents.Antimicrobial agents played a miraculous role in the treatment of bacterial infections until resistant bacteria became widespread. Besides antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, many factors can influence the cure of infection. nocardia infection may be a good example which is difficult to cure with antimicrobial agents alone. A 66-year-old man developed soft tissue infection of the right buttock and thigh. He was given prednisolone and azathioprine for pachymeningitis 3 months prior to admission. Despite surgical and antimicrobial treatment (sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim), the infection spread to the femur and osteomyelitis developed. The case showed that treatment of bacterial infection is not always as successful as was once thought because recent isolates of bacteria are more often resistant to various antimicrobial agents, intracellular parasites are difficult to eliminate even with the active drug in vitro, and infections in some sites such as bone are refractory to treatment especially when the patient is in a compromised state. In conclusion, for the treatment of infections, clinicians need to rely on laboratory tests more than before and have to consider the influence of various host factors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = drug (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/154. Treatment of osteomyelitis by antibiotic impregnated porous hydroxyapatite block.A novel drug delivery system was developed for osteomyelitis using porous hydroxyapatite blocks (HA-b) that were impregnated with antibiotics by a centrifuge method. For the experimental study, a 10 mm3 HA-b was placed in a container, mixed with an antibiotic solution and centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 15 min for the purpose of impregnating antibiotics into the pores. The slow release activity of antibiotic (Arbekacin sulfate [1-N-(S)-4 amino-2-hydroxybutyryl dibekacin]) from the HA-b was tested. An evaluation was made of the slow-releasing capabilities of the ABK from HA-b which was still maintained at 0.5 microgram/ml within 21 exchanges of PBS after 42 days. Consequently, seven patients with osteomyelitis, including one with tuberculosis and two with infected hip arthroplasty, have been treated. On a follow-up study, all of the foci had completely healed by the end of the follow-up period without complications. This new method is simple and can be performed safety as a one-stage operation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = drug (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/154. flatfoot and calcaneal deformity secondary to osteomyelitis after neonatal heel puncture.Deformity of the calcaneus was observed in three patients who developed osteomyelitis after neonatal heel puncture for newborn blood studies. Septic involvement of the calcaneal apophysis may produce an abnormal and early closure of this growth plate. Progressive deformity of the calcaneus, despite appropriate treatment, develops into an asymptomatic flatfoot. A strictly aseptic technique is mandatory for neonatal puncture of the heel to avoid this unusual complication. An infectious cause of flatfoot is proposed in this report.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.071922952106973keywords = closure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/154. Primary sternal osteomyelitis in infants: a report of two cases.Primary sternal osteomyelitis in infants, older children, and adults is rare. Secondary sternal osteomyelitis, however, is more common because of the increased frequency of cardiothoracic surgery and intravenous drug abuse. Primary sternal osteomyelitis is reviewed, two infants with further cases of primary sternal osteomyelitis are presented, and diagnosis and management are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = drug (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/154. Propionibacterium as a cause of postneurosurgical infection in patients with dural allografts: report of three cases.OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Although propionibacterium acnes is a common inhabitant of human skin, it is an uncommon pathogen in postoperative infections. We report three cases of postoperative wound infection/osteomyelitis caused by P. acnes. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: Three patients underwent craniotomy for a supratentorial meningioma and had a dural allograft at the time of closure. The patients presented several weeks after surgery with clinical evidence of a wound infection. INTERVENTION: All patients were diagnosed with P. acnes infection and treated for this pathogen with appropriate antibiotics. The bone flap was removed in two patients. After antibiotic therapy, all patients demonstrated no further evidence of infection. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first published report of P. acnes infection in patients with a dural substitute. The source of infection cannot be confidently ascertained; however, two patients had strains of P. acnes from one brand of graft, which were indistinguishable by pulsed field gel electrophoresis typing.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.071922952106973keywords = closure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/154. mycobacterium bovis BCG causing vertebral osteomyelitis (Pott's disease) following intravesical BCG therapy.We report a case of mycobacterium bovis BCG vertebral osteomyelitis in a 79-year-old man 2.5 years after intravesical BCG therapy for bladder cancer. The recovered isolate resembled M. tuberculosis biochemically, but resistance to pyrazinamide (PZA) rendered that diagnosis suspect. High-pressure liquid chromatographic studies confirmed the diagnosis of M. bovis BCG infection. The patient was originally started on a four-drug antituberculous regimen of isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and PZA. When susceptibility studies were reported, the regimen was changed to isoniazid and rifampin for 12 months. Subsequently, the patient was transferred to a skilled nursing facility for 3 months, where he underwent intensive physical therapy. Although extravesical adverse reactions are rare, clinicians and clinical microbiologists need to be aware of the possibility of disseminated infection by M. bovis BCG in the appropriate setting of clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory investigation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = drug (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/154. Primary sternal osteomyelitis and septicaemia due to staphylococcus aureus.Primary sternal osteomyelitis is rare in these recent decades. Only scattered cases have been reported, most of them in intravenous drug users. We report the case of an 88-y-old woman who presented a primary sternal infection due to staphylococcus aureus associated with secondary septicaemia. The only predisposing factor was radiotherapy for a malignant tumour of the right mammary gland 20 y ago. Diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic management are briefly discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = drug (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/154. Anterior flap for coverage following hip disarticulation for osteomyelitis.The use of a posterior myocutaneous flap is the most common method of coverage following hip disarticulation. Other options for coverage following hemipelvectomy have been described mainly when the conventional flap is unavailable owing to tumor involvement. We report a case of hip disarticulation for a decubitus ulcer with underlying osteomyelitis of the proximal femur; coverage was obtained using an anterior myocutaneous flap. In this case, two previous unsuccessful attempts at wound coverage prior to the hip disarticulation using a lateral and a posterior flap made the anterior flap the best available option for closure. Complete healing was achieved within two months.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.071922952106973keywords = closure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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