1/17. Multiple pulmonary leiomyomatous hamartoma with secondary ossification.A 31-year-old woman presented with multiple pulmonary leiomyomatous hamartoma (MPLH) with secondary ossification. She had a past history of parosteal osteosarcoma. The pulmonary lesions were composed of spindle-shaped cells arranged in interlacing fascicles, among which glands or duct-like spaces were scattered. As some lesions contained bony tissues, it was unclear whether or not the pulmonary lesions were metastases of parosteal osteosarcoma. However, the majority of spindle-shaped cells were positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin, including cells proliferating around the bony tissues. Clonality analysis using a target of human androgen receptor (HUMARA) gene disclosed that the pulmonary nodules were polyclonal. These findings do not indicate that the lesions were metastatic. We would like to emphasize that MPLH can show osseous metaplasia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/17. Osseous metaplasia in a growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma.A case of growth hormone-secreting adenoma of the pituitary gland showing osseous metaplasia is described in a 56-year-old acromegalic female. The tumor was composed of nests of densely granulated cells separated by and intermixed with calcifications, trabeculae of mature bone and fat. Calcifications are seldom found in pituitary adenomas. In rare instances, calcium deposits can be prominent enough to lead to the formation of pituitary stones and bone which replace the entire tumor mass. Analogously with metaplastic meningiomas, we propose using the term metaplastic adenoma to define cases with osseous metaplasia in order to distinguish between lesions containing bone from the more frequently seen calcified adenomas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/17. Pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland with extensive bone formation.We report an unusual case of pleomorphic adenoma with extensive bone formation, occurring in the parotid gland of a 58-year-old Japanese man. The tumor was a well-circumscribed mass that measured 20 x 20 x 15 mm and contained extensive bone formation. Histologically, most of the tumor was composed of bone and chondroid tissues. The bone formation with a marrow-like structure occupied half the volume of the tumor. The chondroid tissues merged continuously into bone tissues. The bone tissue seemed to be formed within areas of chondral tissue by a process of enchondral ossification. Except for the unusual amount of large bone formation, the tumor showed histology of pleomorphic adenoma, particularly at the periphery of the tumor. These histological findings suggest the possibility of extensive enchondral ossification in pleomorphic adenoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/17. Undifferentiated sarcoma of the parotid gland with osseous metaplasia.Malignant spindle cell tumors of the parotid gland are a diagnostic challenge. We present an unusual case of such a tumor that occurred in the right parotid gland of a 53-year-old man. The clinical and histologic assessments were consistent with a primary sarcoma of the parotid gland. The tumor was composed of sheets of pleomorphic, spindle-shaped cells with an area of bone formation. By immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin and negative for epithelial markers. Electron microscopy revealed mesenchymal cells containing moderate amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The major differential diagnostic considerations were spindle cell carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, and primary undifferentiated sarcoma with osseous metaplasia. The lack of epithelial features and the benign appearance of the bone formation led to a diagnosis of undifferentiated sarcoma of the parotid gland.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 8keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/17. Sialolith of the submandibular gland with bone formation.An unusual case of sialolith with bone formation, occurring in the submandibular gland of a 33-year-old woman, is reported. In addition to the irregularly laminated structure of sialolith, sparsely scattered foci of bone tissue were found. Some of them were mature, lamellar bone with lacunae containing osteocytes, endosteum and a bone marrow-like element. Others were immature bone associated with or without multinucleated giant cells. Foci of bone tissue were in contact with caliculi or fibrous tissue, and no epithelial component was seen around them. These observations suggest that bone formation in the present case may be in the nature of pathological ossification, and that in the earlier stage, the bone that is deposited is woven and is replaced through successive remodeling cycles by lamellar bone. This is the first case of sialolith with bone formation, although sialolithiasis is a common disease of the salivary glands.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/17. Pleomorphic adenoma of the submandibular salivary glands with marked ossification.This article describes an unusual case of pleomorphic adenoma arising in the submandibular salivary glands that was associated with marked ossification. CT scan showed an irregular high-density mass in the left submandibular region. Histologic examination of the resected mass revealed a well-circumscribed pleomorphic adenoma with chondroid tissue intermingled with glandular and trabecular epithelial components. Irregularly formed osseous tissue was present in the chondroid tissue. The osseous tissue showed bone matrix on von Kossa's staining. alkaline phosphatase expression was restricted to the vicinity of osseous tissue. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclasts were observed at the periphery of the osseous tissue. CD34 staining demonstrated many microvascular vessels in both the chondroid and osseous tissues. We conclude the osseous tissue in pleomorphic adenoma was bone in nature, and via the process of endochondral ossification most likely depended on angiogenesis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/17. Heterotopic bone formation in rectal carcinoma. Case report and literature review.A case of heterotopic bone formation in a primary rectal adenocarcinoma was recently observed in a 54-year-old woman. This unusual finding was present both in the diagnostic biopsy and in the subsequently resected bowel. Pertinent gross and microscopic features are presented. This report represents the twelfth case in the literature of heterotopic bone formation in a primary rectal adenocarcinoma and the first such finding in a colonic biopsy from one of these malignancies. The average age of these patients was 56 years (range 32-72) and the male-to-female ratio was 5:7. The rectum is the most common site of ossification in the gastrointestinal tract. The exact mechanism of heterotopic ossification is unknown, but it is probably the result of metaplasia of fibroblasts. adenocarcinoma has been associated with 12 of the 16 reported cases of rectal glandular tumors with heterotopic bone.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/17. Extramedullary hemopoiesis in a thyroid nodule with extensive bone metaplasia and mature bone formation.Thyroid nodules may undergo a wide range of degenerative change such as infarction, hemorrhage, or fibrosis, which may be localized or extensive and associated with calcification or even ossification. However, the detection of true bone formation in a thyroid nodule is a very rare occurrence. Extramedullary hemopoiesis (EMH) has been described in almost every organ of the body, mainly in tissues active in hemopoiesis in embryonic life. It is extremely rare for EMH to occur in the thyroid gland especially in patients without known chronic anemia. We describe a case of a cold thyroid nodule with histologically proven extensive bone metaplasia and formation of mature bone with foci of hemopoietic tissue in a young woman without chronic anemia, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to be reported in the English language literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/17. Ectopic ossification in the parotid gland.We present a unique report of ectopic ossification with dystrophic calcification within an otherwise histologically normal parotid gland. The histopathological features of the case are discussed and general pathogenetic explanations for the lesion are explored.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/17. Benign mixed tumour of the skin with extensive ossification and marrow formation: a case report.Benign mixed tumour of the skin (chondroid syringoma) is an uncommon skin adnexal tumour, usually presenting as a slow growing solitary painless nodule. The morphological appearances are similar to those of a pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland. hair matrix and sebaceous differentiation can be seen in some lesions. Focal ossification is a rare finding. This report presents a case of a similar tumour arising in the cheek of a 43 year old white man, showing extensive ossification. Clinical, radiological, and pathological correlation and diagnosis proved to be difficult preoperatively. Only two cases of a benign mixed tumour with pronounced ossification have been reported so far, both in Japanese patients. This is the first reported case seen in a white man. awareness of these lesions will avoid potential diagnostic pitfalls.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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