1/13. A case of amnestic syndrome caused by a subcortical haematoma in the right occipital lobe.A case of an amnestic syndrome caused by a subcortical haematoma in the right occipital lobe is reported. A 62-year-old right-handed man presented with a sudden onset of headache to the hospital. On admission, he had a left homonymous hemianopsia, disorientation and recent memory disturbance, but had normal remote memory and digit span. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a subcortical haematoma in the right occipital lobe. These findings suggest that the patient's amnesia was caused by a lesion of the retrosplenial region in the non-dominant hemisphere.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hemianopsia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/13. Diaphragma sellae metastasis from colon carcinoma mimicking a meningioma. A case report.We describe a rare case of metastatic intra-suprasellar adenocarcinoma from colonic cancer mimicking a meningioma of the "diaphragma sellae". autopsy studies indicate breast and lung carcinoma to be the most frequent primary tumor metastasizing this site, particularly in patients with systemic spread. While diabetes insipidus is reported to be one of the commonest symptoms in these cases, the only clinical manifestation of the tumor in our patient was a bitemporal hemianopia, while the primary tumor remained asymptomatic. In the available literature are reported only two pituitary metastasis from operated colon carcinoma. In both cases the diagnosis of the colon cancer preceded the pituitary operation. The clinico-pathological and neuroradiological aspects of this unusual lesion are analyzed in the light of the relevant literature on the topic focusing on recent MRI acquisitions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.057989451682403keywords = bitemporal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/13. Orbital drainage from cerebral arteriovenous malformations.OBJECTIVE: To describe the neuro-ophthalmic findings in patients with orbital drainage from cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). methods: We reviewed the records of 100 consecutive adult patients with cerebral AVMs who presented to our institution during a 4-year period. All patients with orbital drainage were identified, and their neuro-ophthalmic evaluations were reviewed. RESULTS: Three patients (3%) were identified with orbital drainage from a cerebral AVM. The first patient presented with typical chiasmal syndrome (reduced visual acuity, bitemporal hemianopia, and optic atrophy). magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a large left temporal and parietal lobe AVM with compression of the chiasm between a large pituitary gland and a markedly enlarged carotid artery. The second patient presented with headaches and postural monocular transient visual obscurations. Examination revealed normal visual function with minimal orbital congestion and asymmetrical disc edema, which was worse in the left eye. magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large right parietal and occipital lobe AVM without mass effect or hemorrhage and an enlarged left superior ophthalmic vein. The third patient had no visual symptoms and a normal neuro-ophthalmic examination; a right parietal lobe AVM was discovered during an examination for the cause of headaches. CONCLUSION: Orbital drainage from cerebral AVMs is rare. Manifestations may include anterior visual pathway compression, dilated conjunctival veins, orbital congestion, and asymmetrical disc swelling.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.057989451682403keywords = bitemporal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/13. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with hepatitis c virus infection.BACKGROUND: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that is frequently preceded by an acute viral infection. This is the first reported case of ADEM associated with hepatitis c virus (HCV) infection. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 46-year-old woman underwent a surgical procedure and received multiple blood transfusions, at which time serologic testing for HCV was negative. Fifty days later, she suddenly developed seizures, alteration of consciousness, right hemiparesis, hemianopsia, and urinary retention. magnetic resonance imaging revealed symmetric multifocal changes on T2-weighted images in the cerebral gray and white matter and in the cerebellar white matter with some lesion enhancement after gadolinium administration. blood testing showed a recent HCV infection with high titer of IgM early antigens and a strongly positive reaction for HCV rna. All other microbiological and virological test results were negative both in serum and in cerebrospinal fluid. Treatment with high-dose dexamethasone was followed by a dramatic improvement of the clinical and magnetic resonance picture. Within a few months the patient recovered completely and there were no relapses during 2 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: infection with HCV is associated with several autoimmune neurological manifestations. It is recommended the patients with ADEM be screened for HCV.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hemianopsia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/13. Giant intrasellar arachnoid cyst manifesting as adrenal insufficiency due to hypothalamic dysfunction--case report--.A 67-year-old man first noticed loss of pubic and axillary hair in 1992 and then a visual field defect in 2001. He experienced loss of consciousness attributed to hyponatremia in April 2002. magnetic resonance imaging showed a giant intrasellar cystic mass, 40 mm in diameter, that had compressed the optic chiasm. The patient complained of chronic headache, and neurological examination revealed bitemporal hemianopsia. Preoperative endocrinological examination indicated adrenal insufficiency, and hypothyroidism due to hypothalamic dysfunction. The patient underwent endonasal transsphenoidal surgery. The cyst membrane was opened and serous fluid was drained. Histological examination identified the excised cyst membrane as arachnoid membrane. The patient's headaches resolved postoperatively, but the bitemporal hemianopsia and endocrinological function were unchanged. This arachnoid cyst associated with hypothalamic dysfunction might have been caused by an inflammatory episode in the suprasellar region.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.1159789033648keywords = hemianopsia, bitemporal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/13. An unusual presentation of giant cell arteritis.A 77-year-old-man with giant cell arteritis who developed bitemporal scalp ulcerations is described. Since 1946 when Cooke et al. reported the first case of scalp necrosis there were approximately 55 cases published. scalp ulceration is a rare complication of giant cell arteritis and occurs mainly in elderly persons, particularly women. About half of all patients were presented to dermatologists. Most of the patients (70%) had other serious complications of giant cell arteritis: blindness, gangrene of the tongue and nasal septum necrosis. Seventy percent of the cases were confirmed by a temporal artery biopsy. The necrosis were of varying extent and uni- or bilateral. Although, in most cases necrosis has been located bilaterally as in the presented case. scalp healing was complete nearly in all patients by conservative treatment within a year. scalp ulceration is a potentially reversible complication of giant cell arteritis which indicates extensive vessel involvement and adequate coricosteroid therapy is required and essential.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.057989451682403keywords = bitemporal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/13. Endoscopic decompression of tension pneumosella following transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection.OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Tension pneumosella is an extremely rare complication of transsphenoidal surgery, having been reported only three times previously. patients who develop this expanding pneumocele confined to the sella present with visual field changes consistent with optic chiasm compression. If left untreated, this condition can lead to permanent visual deficits. We report a case of tension pneumosella after transsphenoidal resection of a benign pituitary adenoma that was successfully treated endoscopically. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: Six months after transsphenoidal resection of a pituitary tumor, a 70-year-old man presented with subjective vision loss and was found on formal testing to have bitemporal hemianopsia. A diagnosis of tension pneumosella was made with a head CT after tumor recurrence was ruled out with MRI. The expanding pneumocele developed after vigorous nose blowing in the setting of a surgical sellar floor defect and an intact diaphragma sellae. INTERVENTION: The pneumocele was endoscopically decompressed using a transnasal approach guided by frameless stereotaxy. An immediate decrease in the amount of air was confirmed with intraoperative fluoroscopy. The defect was subsequently repaired with a hemostatic agent and fibrin glue. The patient rapidly recovered his vision and went home on postoperative day one with no further visual complications. CONCLUSION: Tension pneumosella should be considered as a possible diagnosis in patients presenting with subacute visual field deficits after transsphenoidal pituitary region surgery. endoscopy may play a valuable role in the diagnosis and management of this rare phenomenon, as well as other more common complications of transsphenoidal surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.0579894516824keywords = hemianopsia, bitemporal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/13. Pituicytoma: diagnostic features on selective carotid angiography and MR imaging.We report a case of pituicytoma, a rare primary tumor of the neurohypophysis. A 64-year-old man presented with progressive visual complaints, bitemporal hemianopsia, and headache. Imaging studies revealed distinctive features of a mass lesion that thickened the pituitary stalk with a bilobed protrusion extending into the hypothalamus. angiography demonstrated tumor vascular supply from the superior hypophyseal arteries representing the diencephalic branches of the internal carotid arteries. We discuss the imaging and pathology of this unusual tumor.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.0579894516824keywords = hemianopsia, bitemporal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/13. Persistent high-altitude headache and aguesia without anosmia.High-altitude headache and taste dysfunction are usually cured within a few months by descent to sea level. We studied a patient who had persistent bitemporal throbbing headache with the associated findings of high-altitude headache syndrome 15 years after a compression chamber accident. He also had loss of taste without loss of smell since the incident.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.057989451682403keywords = bitemporal (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/13. Impairment of cranio-facial nerves due to AIDS. Report of 2 cases.2 cases of disorders of craniofacial nerves resulting from progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy are described. Clinical symptoms occurred as facial paralysis, hypaesthesia, hemianopsia and deafness. In both patients, the impairment of the central nervous system (CNS) preceded indicative AIDS symptoms. Both patients died about 3 months after the first CNS symptoms had been diagnosed. Clinical and neurohistopathological findings as well as differential diagnoses are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = hemianopsia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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