1/12. Primary haemophilus influenzae pyomyositis in an infant: a case report.Promyositis is a term used to denote primary pyogenic infection of the skeletal muscle. Because striped muscle tissue is normally resistant to bacterial infection, pyomyositis is very rare. In tropical countries, pyomyositis accounts for about 4% of hospital surgical admission, but it is far less common in temperate climates. It is more common in adults and especially in men, but it can occur at any age. We would like to present an 8-month-old infant to make pediatricians aware of the possibility of pyomyositis in cases of a mass over muscle, or of children complaining of joint pain or muscle aches even in the infancy period.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/12. cardiac tamponade secondary to haemophilus pericarditis: a case report.Pyogenic pericarditis is encountered uncommonly in clinical practice. The majority of cases of clinically apparent pericarditis are viral in origin. When bacterial infection of the pericardial space does occur the causative organism is usually staphylococcus or Streptococcus species. Isolation of an haemophilus organism from the pericardial space in this condition is distinctly unusual. There are only 10 previously reported cases in the literature of pericarditis secondary to haemophilus influenzae. This report describes the case of a 36-year-old woman who presented with haemophilus empyema and purulent pericarditis progressing to cardiac tamponade. There are isolated reports of successful treatment of pyogenic pericarditis with closed drainage and antibiotics. In the absence of clear evidence demonstrating the efficacy of this approach the authors favour open exploration of the pericardial space.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/12. A mixed bacterial infection of a bronchogenic lung cyst diagnosed by PCR.An unusual paediatric case of a bronchogenic cyst infected with both Haemophilus influenzae type b and streptococcus pneumoniae is described, which was detected not by culture of the purulent cyst fluid, but by real-time PCR amplification for several potential pathogens of dna extracted from the fluid.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/12. Increased susceptibility to infection in hypothermic children: possible role of acquired neutrophil dysfunction.The addition of hypothermia to regimens to control cerebral edema in children at our institution has been associated with a substantial incidence of infectious complications. Of the 13 children maintained at 30 degrees C to prevent cerebral edema, 3 developed haemophilus influenzae pneumonia and 2 developed streptococcus pneumoniae sepsis (one with pneumonia). The importance of neutrophil (PMN) function for elimination of bacterial pathogens prompted in vitro studies of PMN function at clinically attainable hypothermic temperatures. neutrophils at 30 degrees C had significantly less ability to migrate towards a chemotactic stimulus (45 /- 10% inhibition; P less than 0.02), to ingest staphylococci (22 /- 5% inhibition; P less than 0.01) and to be metabolically activated as measured by superoxide production (35 /- 10% inhibition; P less than 0.01) or by chemiluminescence (18 /- 8% inhibition; P less than 0.05). These in vitro findings support the clinical observation that persons with decreased body temperature may be at an increased risk for bacterial infections secondary to PMN dysfunction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/12. haemophilus influenzae infections in adults: report of nine cases and a review of the literature.haemophilus influenzae is an aerobic pleomorphic gram-negative coccobacillus that requires both X and V factors for growth. It grows poorly, if at all, on ordinary blood agar unless streaked with Staph. aureus. It grows well on chocolate agar. Because this medium is often not used in culturing specimens from adults and because the organism may be overgrown by other bacteria, the frequency of H. influenzae infections has undoubtedly been seriously underestimated. This is aggravated by the failure of many physicians to obtain blood cultures in suspected bacterial infections and the failure of many laboratories to subculture them routinely onto chocolate agar. H. influenzae, along with streptococcus pneumoniae, is a major factor in acute sinusitis. It is probably the most frequent etiologic agent of acute epiglottitis. It is probably a common, but commonly unrecognized, cause of bacterial pneumonia, where it has a distinctive appearance on Gram stain. It is unusual in adult meningitis, but should particularly be considered in alcoholics; in those with recent or remote head trauma, especially with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea; in patients with splenectomies and those with primary or secondary hypogammaglobulinemia. It may rarely cause a wide variety of other infections in adults, including purulent pericarditis, endocarditis, septic arthritis, obstetrical and gynecologic infections, urinary and biliary tract infections, and cellulitis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is somewhat capricious in part from the marked effect of inoculum size in some circumstances. in vitro and in vivo results support the use of ampicillin, unless the organism produces beta-lactamase. Alternatives in minor infections include tetracycline, erythromycin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. For serious infections chloramphenicol is the best choice if the organism is ampicillin-resistant or the patient is penicillin-allergic.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/12. Acute septic arthritis in chronic osteonecrosis of the hip.osteonecrosis is not well documented as a predisposing factor of septic arthritis despite such a relationship having obvious clinical significance. We report 4 patients with involvement of 5 hips with septic arthritis in established osteonecrotic joints. The etiologies of the osteonecrosis in our study included corticosteroid therapy, sickle cell disease and one case of idiopathic osteonecrosis. osteonecrosis appears to render the hip more susceptible to hematogenously derived bacterial infection. In some cases, removal of the necrotic tissue may be necessary to cure the infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/12. Bacterial infection of hepatic hydatid cysts with haemophilus influenzae.Two patients with hydatid cysts of the liver are reported. In both patients the cysts had become infected with haemophilus influenzae. The route of the bacterial infection and significance of this previously unreported association remain unclear.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/12. Anti-M in children with acute bacterial infections.Four children, 7 to 24 months old, were found to have anti-M at the time of admission to the hospital for severe acute bacterial infections. All were M-N . Two patients had meningitis, one had septic arthritis, and the fourth had a third-degree burn of the left hand. In follow-up studies the anti-M of patients No3 and No4 were no longer detectable after 12 and 11 months respectively. In all patients no demonstrable antibody was in either maternal or cord sera at time of birth. The clinical data and bacterial isolations lead us to postulate that bacterial infections account for the formation of naturally occurring anti-M in M-negative persons.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/12. counterimmunoelectrophoresis in the diagnosis of Hemophilus influenzae pleural effusion.A child with a sterile pleural effusion resulting from an infection with Hemophilus influenzae type b (Hi b) is described. The diagnosis was established by use of counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE). The alarming increase in incidence of pneumonia due to Hi b is noted, as is the large number of associated pleural effusions. CIE provides a rapid, reliable, and sensitive means by which to establish the exact etiology of such bacterial infections so that optimal antibiotic therapy can be started promptly.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/12. Giant hydatid lung cysts in the Canadian northwest: outcome of conservative treatment in three children.Hydatid lung disease due to echinococcus granulosus in the Canadian northwest and alaska is often asymptomatic and usually benign. We reviewed the course and outcome of three children with giant hydatid lung cyst seen over a 2-year period. All were North American Indian children aged 9 to 12 years who presented with cough, fever, and chest pain. One had a rash. There was a history of exposure to domestic dogs who had been fed moose entrails in each case. Chest x-rays showed solitary lung cysts with air-fluid levels, from 6 cm to 12 cm in diameter. Aspiration of each cyst demonstrated Echinococcus hooklets and protoscolices. serology was unhelpful, being negative in two cases. Transient pneumonitis and pneumothorax were seen as complications of needle aspiration. Two cysts gradually resolved over the following 6 months. One child returned after 9 months with a lung abscess due to superimposed infection of the cyst remnant with haemophilus influenzae, and eventually required lobectomy. The existence of an endemic benign variant of E granulosus in canada is not widely known, and it is important to distinguish it from the more aggressive pastoral form of the disease seen in immigrants from sheep-rearing countries. The native Canadian disease usually resolves spontaneously, does not cause anaphylaxis, and does not implant daughter cysts if spilled. Surgical treatment should be avoided except for complications such as secondary bacterial infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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