1/11. Rare case of intramasseteric cavernous hemangioma in a three-year-old boy: a diagnostic dilemma.Intramuscular hemangiomas are rare, benign tumors of vascular origin. The masseter is the muscle most commonly involved in the head and neck region. Because of their infrequency, deep location, and unfamiliar presentation, these lesions are seldom correctly diagnosed clinically. This case report presents a severe facial asymmetry caused by a left intramasseteric cavernous hemangioma in a 3-year-old boy. We were unaware of the exact nature of the tumor until intraoperative examination. The routine investigations performed before operation failed to establish a diagnosis. Surgical excision was performed, and 1 year after the operation we observed that the patient's facial asymmetry had been corrected. In this article, we review the literature on intramasseteric hemangioma, discuss the clinical and radiologic diagnostic methods, and review the treatment methods.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/11. Phantom bite revisited.The term 'phantom bite' is used to describe an uncommon condition in which patients are preoccupied with their dental occlusion, believing that it is abnormal. The condition is remarkable for the nature of the involved explanations and interpretations that the patients give and for their persistence in trying to find a solution to what appears to be a relatively minor problem. Three clinical cases that illustrate the nature of this condition are presented and problems associated with the management of affected patients are discussed. Phantom bite can be a disabling disorder which is difficult to treat. Available evidence suggests that the symptoms cannot be improved by occlusal treatments. It is therefore essential to avoid extensive irreversible restorative treatment. General dental practitioners should refer patients for specialist opinion and management. Psychiatric assessment with recommendations for management should be obtained if possible. The prognosis is poor for symptom elimination but need not necessarily be poor for patients' overall functioning and well-being. It is suggested that emphasis should be placed on building adaptive coping skills. Further research is needed to elucidate the nature of the condition to improve treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/11. Rare instance of gingival enlargement in Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: a case report.Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome is a rare congenital malformation that may include port-wine stain, soft tissue and bony hypertrophy, and venous malformations and lymphatic abnormalities. Although it usually involves the limbs, it may also rarely involve the head, neck, and orofacial regions. Despite its rarity, Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gingival enlargement. The condition can be easily recognized clinically, but further investigations including imaging studies have to be carried out in order to better understand the nature of the lesion. This report describes a case of gingival enlargement in Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome in a 16-year-old female patient. The diagnosis of the condition was made based on the patient history, clinical and radiographic examination, computed tomography (CT), and angiogram.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/11. Cystic hygroma.Cystic hygroma (CH) is a benign, developmental condition of unknown etiology. 90% of the cases are present by age 2. CH represents malformed lymphatics that fail to communicate with larger veins and, therefore, they collect lymph. It is a type of lymphangioma. The clinical presentation is one of a painless, soft mass that reaches a giant size and can lead to the death of the infant. The diagnosis is done with CT scan and biopsy. We report a severe case of CH and describe the difficult surgical treatment, despite the benign nature of the lesion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/11. Garre's osteomyelitis of the mandible. Report of a case.A case of Garre's disease has been reported. This case is atypical in that the patient presented with only a periosteal bone mass and a negative history of toothache, abscess, or trauma to the area. Because of this, diagnosis was not possible without microscopic examination. Atypical cases of this nature cause diagnostic problems, and several disease states must be considered in a differential diagnosis. These include the following: 1. Ewing's sarcoma, which also occurs in this age group and may show cortical reduplication on radiographic examination. The prognosis in cases of Ewing's sarcoma is poor, and death may occur in a matter of weeks. 2. Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey's disease), which is characterized by development of soft-tissue swelling and cortical thickening of the mandible. The disease runs a benign course and regresses without treatment. 3. Osteogenic sarcoma, which occurs in slightly older age groups but presents as a cortical expansion with facial deformity. The disease is highly malignant and carries a poor prognosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/11. Genetic aspects of hemifacial microsomia.The majority of patients with hemifacial microsomia (HM) including goldenhar syndrome are sporadic cases. The sporadic nature of this disorder is emphasized by the discordant occurrence of HM in one of female monozygotic twins reported here. Previous publications, however, also suggest autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive modes of inheritance. Possible formes frustes will also have to be considered when giving genetic counsel.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/11. Reconstruction for malar asymmetry.Congenital and posttraumatic deformities may cause facial asymmetry of the malar area. Onlay grafting and/or craniofacial repositioning techniques are most frequently used in repair. There are various indications for, as well as limitations of, both onlay grafting techniques and craniofacial repositioning. Measurements of the deformity make more accurate corrections possible. Anthropometric data obtained from skulls confirm that a simple geometric formula can be developed for prediction of the final result after the rotation-advancement of the depressed malar eminence. The surgical technique has evolved through the care of six recent patients. The method places emphasis on the three-dimensional nature of the repair and the requirements in craniofacial repositioning for stable fixation with bone-to-bone contact.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/11. central nervous system and facial defects associated with maternal hyperthermia at four to 14 weeks' gestation.An analysis of 28 dysmorphic offspring with a retrospectively ascertained history of maternal hyperthermia during the first trimester of pregnancy showed a similarity in their pattern of CNS dysfunction and facial dysmorphogenesis. All survivors had mental deficiency and most of them demonstrated altered muscle tone, including hypotonia with increased deep tendon reflexes. Those exposed at four to seven weeks' gestation showed an increased prevalence of facial dysmorphogenesis. The duration of the high fever was usually one or more days, an unusual occurrence during the first trimester of pregnancy. The nature of these defects in relation to the relative timing of hyperthermia exposure is similar to that previously noted in animal studies. The morphogenetic implications of these findings are explored and the need for larger, controlled studies is suggested.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/11. Condylar hyperplasia causing progressive facial asymmetry during orthodontic treatment--a case report.Condylar hyperplasia is defined and its aetiology and prevalence are briefly reviewed. A case is presented to illustrate how the progressive nature of the condition can create problems for the clinician, particularly during orthodontic treatment of a child or adolescent patient. The benefits of interceptive surgery are illustrated, although such an approach does not necessarily mean that further surgery is avoided at the completion of growth.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/11. facial asymmetry with severe unilateral hypoplasia of the muscles of mastication: a report of clinical and electromyographic findings.Mild degrees of asymmetry of the human body have been recognised both by classical sculptors and more recently by anatomists as both normal and widely occurring. Morphologic asymmetries of the face of a more severe nature are, however, quite rare. When such deformities occur, both the hard and soft tissues may be involved and the abnormality may be acquired as a result of trauma, infection, neoplasia or surgery or be of a developmental origin as in the syndromes affecting the first pharyngeal arch. Developmental asymmetries of the jaws may also arise as a result of unilateral disruption of mandibular development during the time of normal facial growth leading to hemiretrognathism. Severe hypoplasia of the muscles of mastication on one side only has not previously been reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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