1/15. Micro syndrome in Muslim pakistan children.OBJECTIVE: To date, Micro syndrome has been reported in only three children from one family. We describe an additional 14 children from 11 families. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS: Fourteen children from 11 families attending one of five British hospitals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The following features were documented: pre- and postoperative eye findings, electrophysiologic analysis, systemic abnormalities, development, neuroimaging, genealogy, geographic origin of family. RESULTS: We expand and modify the description of ocular and electrophysiologic findings in Micro syndrome. The eye findings of microphakia, microphthalmos, characteristic lens opacity, and atonic pupils were the presenting feature in all infants and were the most reliable diagnostic signs in the immediate postnatal period. Cortical visual impairment, microcephaly, and developmental delay were not always detectable initially; they developed in all children by 6 months of age. Microgenitalia were a useful diagnostic clue in affected males only. Therefore, eye features were more consistently useful in determining diagnosis than dysmorphology or brain imaging. The families of all the children originate from the Muslim population of Northern pakistan. Inheritance is likely to be autosomal recessive. CONCLUSIONS: Micro syndrome usually presents to the ophthalmologist, who may be able to make the diagnosis on the basis of characteristic eye findings combined with ethnic origin. Initially, the nature and severity of nonophthalmic features are not apparent. early diagnosis of the underlying condition is important to guide management of the cataracts, glaucoma, and developmental delay. It is helpful for the family and medical staff to be aware of the low level of vision that develops despite optimal ophthalmic intervention. genetic counseling extending into the wider family is particularly important in view of the high rate of consanguinity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/15. Atopic dermatitis: a case report and current clinical review of systemic and ocular manifestations.PURPOSE: Atopic dermatitis is a relatively common hereditary dermatologic condition. Ocular sequellae are commonly seen in this disorder and may include involvement of both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Clinical symptoms and presentation may vary, as well as visual prognosis. METHOD: A 48-year-old black woman came to us with a sudden exacerbation of atopic disease with ocular complications-most notably, the classic "shield-like" anterior subcapsular cataract seen in patients with this disease. Extensive diagnostic and management considerations specific to this disorder are highlighted. RESULTS: A careful history and clinical examination will help direct appropriate diagnosis and management in this population. Although chronic in nature, acute exacerbations of the disease may require specific management. Proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms, including new aspects of treatment, are discussed. CONCLUSION: Ocular manifestations of atopic disease may be visually debilitating. Therefore, specific consideration relating to clinical course, effective diagnosis, and medical and surgical management of this disorder are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/15. Progressive opacification of hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lenses in diabetic patients.Four patients with diabetes mellitus had cataract extraction with implantation of a hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) (ACRL-C160, Ophthalmed). The IOLs showed progressive and generalized opacification 10 to 20 months after implantation, decreasing visual acuity. All 4 IOLs were removed. By light microscopic examination, the IOL surfaces were wrinkled and encrusted with microspheres. Electron microscopy revealed the material to be crystalline in nature. Energy dispersive x-ray spectrum analysis showed that the deposits were mainly composed of calcium and phosphate.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/15. "Star" suture opacities of the crystalline lens: an illustrative report in AIDS patients.BACKGROUND: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is disease of epidemic proportion associated with significant visual morbidity. Visual complications of AIDS have been described as a result of cytomegaloviral retinitis as well as fungal and protozoan opportunistic eye disease. Although cataracts have been established as a direct consequence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) or AIDS, studies suggest that hiv disease may indeed be a risk factor for the development of cortical cataract. This report further characterizes potential lens abnormalities associated with hiv and AIDS by clearly demonstrating opacities associated with lens sutures in two AIDS patients with long-term use of nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). MATERIAL/ methods: Case series demonstrating digitized slit lamp biomicroscopic anterior segment photos using indirect lens illumination. RESULTS: Prominent "star" lens sutures of assumed abnormality typified by unusual branching and irregular caliber are photo-documented. CONCLUSIONS: Normally inconspicuous star suture branches are clearly demonstrated in two patients with AIDS and diabetes mellitus. Uncharacteristic star lens sutures have not Been previously reported in AIDS patients however the occurrence of lens opacities due to hiv disease and AIDS is not without precedent. Despite the prominence and atypical nature of the illustrated lens sutures, assessment of morphologic abnormality is limited by lack of appropriate normative data describing star sutures clinically as a function of age and lens development.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/15. Atopic cataract induced by severe allergic contact dermatitis on the face.Although atopic cataracts commonly occur in adolescent and young adult patients with severe atopic dermatitis, we observed a 34-year-old woman with mild atopic dermatitis who abruptly developed atopic cataracts in both eyes when she suffered from severe allergic contact dermatitis on the face. This case seems to suggest that prompt control of severe dermatitis on the face in patients with atopic dermatitis is important for prevention of atopic cataract, whether the dermatitis on the face is atopic or nonatopic in nature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/15. Balloon cell melanomas of the ciliary body.In spite of the fact that balloon cell change has been recognized ophthalmoscopically and histologically in certain posterior choroidal melanomas, the nature and importance of this observation remain controversial. This article provides a clinicopathologic correlation in two cases of ciliary body melanoma with almost total balloon cell transformation. On the basis of special stains and electron microscopic observations, we have concluded that balloon cells in such cases represent spindle melanoma cells that have undergoing extensive cytoplasmic lipid metamorphosis. The possible mechanisms for this change are considered. Melanomas containing an abundant number of balloon cells are probably comparatively dormant and benign tumors that offer a relatively good prognosis. Although clinical recognition may be difficult, the use of needle biopsy coupled with cytologic diagnosis in selected ciliary body tumors may disclose balloon cell change and help to direct therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/15. Cataracts in myotonic dystrophy.myotonic dystrophy is a unique form of muscular dystrophy which is associated with a variety of ocular manifestations. Perhaps the most noteworthy of these is the distinctive myotonic cataract which often appears early on in the course of the disorder. In this report, a seemingly healthy young man who presented for routine visual examination was found to have specific lenticular changes suggestive of myotonic dystrophy. Other signs of this condition, including the myotonic facies, restrictions of ocular motility, and the myotonic handshake, were not readily apparent. Although visual acuity was not dramatically impaired, the unusual nature of the lens opacities, and in particular the presence of brilliant polychromatic particles, called for a neurologic consultation which promptly confirmed the diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/15. Bee sting of the cornea.Irreversible heterochromia-iridis, internal ophthalmoplegia, and punctate subcapsular lenticular opacities developed in a 9-year-old girl after she received a bee sting in her right cornea. These complications persisted even after an 11-month follow-up period. To the author's knowledge, this presentation is the first of its nature. The pathogenesis of these changes is discussed and the literature is reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/15. The Charles Bonnet syndrome in perspective.The clinical condition occurring in the elderly with preserved intellectual functions, characterized by vivid, elaborate and dynamic recurrent visual pseudo-hallucinatory phenomena of a pleasant or neutral nature and often associated with ocular pathology - the Charles Bonnet Syndrome - is described. Its main clinical features are illustrated and the aetiology discussed. Two new cases are presented and areas for future research are outlined.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/15. Asymmetric anterior segment changes induced by chlorpromazine.A 54-year-old man ingested chlorpromazine, 800 mg/day, for ten years and showed conjunctival, corneal, and lenticular changes. Because of a congenital Marcus-Gunn jaw-wink phenomenon in the right eye with subsequent ptosis, he presented an opportunity to compare the anterior segment changes induced by this drug in an eye exposed to sunlight with an eye relatively protected. The changes in the anterior segment were much more marked in the exposed left eye--supporting the hypothesis that chlorpromazine-induced ocular toxicity is a result of drug interaction with sunlight on anterior segment proteins, causing them to denature, opacify, and accumulate in conjunctiva, cornea, and lens.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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