1/23. Angiomatoid neuroendocrine carcinoma of the thymus: report of a distinctive morphological variant of neuroendocrine tumor of the thymus resembling a vascular neoplasm.Three cases of primary thymic neuroendocrine tumors characterized by prominent angiomatoid features that resembled a vascular neoplasm are presented. The patients were all men between 52 and 59 years of age who presented with chest pain and shortness of breath attributable to a large anterior mediastinal mass. The lesions ranged in size from 6 cm to 15 cm in greatest diameter, and were grossly soft and well circumscribed, but not encapsulated. The cut surface was remarkable for multiple blood-filled cyst-like spaces admixed with focal solid, hemorrhagic areas. Histologically, the tumors contained multiple cystically dilated spaces filled with blood which imparted the lesion with a striking angiomatoid appearance. The walls of the cysts were lined by a monotonous proliferation of round to oval cells with distinct cell borders, round central nuclei, and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Mitotic activity was present in all cases and varied from 3 to 8 mitoses per 10 high-power fields. Immunohistochemical studies performed in two cases showed positivity of the tumor cells for keratin, Leu 7, and synaptophysin, and focal chromogranin positivity in one. Follow-up information obtained in two patients showed that both had died of tumor 4 and 8 years after initial diagnosis. The present cases show an unusual morphological appearance of thymic neuroendocrine tumors that may be mistaken for a vascular neoplasm. Immunohistochemical stains may be of importance in such instances in arriving at the correct diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/23. Mucinous carcinoma of the breast with neuroendocrine differentiation.A case of mucinous carcinoma of the breast with neuroendocrine differentiation in an 89-year-old woman is presented. The patient presented with a rapidly growing right breast mass, which she had had for 2-3 years. The tumor, 15 x 8 x 5 cm, was located mainly in the upper outer quadrant. light microscopy revealed a pure mucinous carcinoma of type B. Neuroendocrine differentiation was demonstrated by Grimelius stain and chromogranin a, as well as the presence of neurosecretory granules. The breast cancer cells were of luminal origin and had dedifferentiated to attain neuroendocrine properties.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.609535491363keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/23. renin producing neuroendocrine pancreatic carcinoma--a case report and review of the literature.A 44 year old male patient presented with severe hypertension. The diagnostic work-up revealed elevated levels of plasma renin activity (about 10 times the upper limit of normal) in the presence of normal plasma aldosterone levels and serum potassium concentrations. Renovascular disease was excluded by angiography. Selective renal vein sampling did not show any renin gradient. CT-scans of the abdomen demonstrated normal morphology of the kidneys and adrenals but revealed a big mass in the pancreatic corpus and tail with infiltration of the splenic vein and the presence of enlarged local lymph nodes. The endocrine nature of the pancreatic mass was further supported by a positive octreotide scintigraphy scan. Surgical removal of the tumor by left sided pancreatectomy combined with splenectomy resulted in rapid normalization of elevated renin concentrations as well as blood pressure. Histological examination of the tumor tissue revealed the presence of a neuroendocrine pancreatic carcinoma. Highly (x 70) elevated renin levels were detected by radioimmunoassay in the tumor tissue.To our knowledge this is the first renin-producing neuroendocrine pancreatic carcinoma described in the literature. The present paper describes the case in detail and reviews the available literature on clinical symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment of renin-producing tumors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.609535491363keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/23. adenocarcinoma with extensive neuroendocrine differentiation arising in an ileal diverticulum: report of a case.A 62-year-old man presented with right-sided abdominal pain. Radiologic examinations disclosed a solid tumor in the ileocecal mesentery that obstructed the right ureter, thus resulting in urinary extravasation. An en bloc tumor resection with the ascending colon, the terminal ileum, and a portion of the right ureter was performed. Histopathologically, the tumor was adenocarcinoma with extensive neuroendocrine differentiation which had arisen in an ileal diverticulum. The patient developed metastases to the lymph nodes, liver, and brain, and died 18 months after surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.0824633473654keywords = abdominal pain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/23. Caruncle tumor as the first sign of metastatic lung carcinoma.PURPOSE: Report of a neuroendocrine carcinoma of the caruncle as the first sign of a metastatic lung carcinoma. DESIGN: Interventional case report. methods: Excision of a rapidly growing caruncular tumor in a 76-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer. RESULTS: pathology revealed a large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, consistent with metastatic lung carcinoma. Computerized tomography of chest, abdomen, and a bone scan disclosed signs of malignancy in the lungs, liver, and bones, originally considered as metastatic breast cancer. However, this diagnosis was excluded on the basis of histopathological findings and clonality analysis. A primary neuroendocrine (Merkel cell) carcinoma was ruled out on morphologic and immunohistochemical grounds. CONCLUSION: We present a unique case of a metastatic large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the caruncle.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/23. Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mediastinum.A mediastinal mass was found in a 37 year old male who presented with fever, weight loss and fatigue. The chest CT revealed a 9x6x4 cm well circumscribed mass located paratrachaelly in the upper mid-mediastinum. The mass was removed by right thoracotomy. Macroscopically the tumor weighed 195 g and measured 9x6x4 cm. Microscopically the tumor consisted of small blue cells in solid and trabecular pattern. Immunohistochemical studies performed for differential diagnosis of small blue cell tumors. The tumor was diagnosed as primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the mediastinum. This case is presented for its rare recurrence in that particular location.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.609535491363keywords = upper, chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/23. MR-guided laser-induced thermotherapy with a cooled power laser system: a case report of a patient with a recurrent carcinoid metastasis in the breast.We report a case of a 52-year-old woman with a palpable recurrent metastasis of a neuroendocrine carcinoma to the upper outer quadrant of the right breast. For the treatment of this lesion, MR-guided laser-induced thermotherapy was performed with a cooled power laser system (Nd:YAG-Laser). An open 0.2-T MR unit was used for the monitoring of the laser energy delivery to the breast; thus, a thermosensitive fast low-angle shot 2D sequence for MR thermometry was used, so the ablation of the tumor and the increase of laser-induced necrosis could be interactively visualized with the repetitive use of this sequence. The postinterventional MR control exams 1 day and 4 months after laser-induced thermotherapy at the 1.5-T MR unit (Magnetom Symphony Quantum, Siemens, Erlangen, germany) verified the complete ablation of the tumor without any signs of residual or relapsing tumor.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.609535491363keywords = upper (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/23. Pancreatic endocrine tumour with cytoplasmic keratin whorls. Is the term "rhabdoid" appropriate?A 50 year old woman presented with acute abdominal pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting and was found to have a mass in the head of the pancreas by imaging. The clinical impression was of a pancreatic carcinoma and a Whipple's procedure was performed. Microscopic examination of the tumour showed it to be a low grade neuroendocrine carcinoma arranged in a tubuloacinar or tubulopapillary pattern, and composed of cells harbouring very prominent intracytoplasmic inclusions. These inclusions varied in appearance from being pale pink and hyaline in quality to more eosinophilic and globular causing displacement of the nucleus. Ultrastructural examination showed typical paranuclear aggregates of intermediate filaments. Inclusions of this type have been described previously as "signet ring like" and "rhabdoid". It was felt that the inclusions more closely resemble the fibrous bodies that are seen in pituitary adenomas. In addition, it is suggested that both signet ring and rhabdoid are not appropriate because they do not reflect histogenesis and are not necessarily reflective of tumour biology. It is suggested that the term "cytokeratin aggresomes" should be used to describe this distinctive phenotype.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.0824633473654keywords = abdominal pain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/23. Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.We report a case of combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. A 78-year-old man with vertigo was referred to our hospital where chest X-ray revealed a tumor shadow in the right lung. A transbronchial lung biopsy specimen verified a diagnosis of non-small cell lung carcinoma (cT1N0M0). Right lower lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection (#7, 8, 9) was performed. A postoperative histological diagnosis was combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of a component of squamous cell carcinoma [pT4 (pm) N2M0]. The patient received concurrent chemoradiotherapy due to upper mediastinal lymph node metastasis 4 months after surgery. The chemoradiotherapy well responded and the patient remains well 9 months after surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.609535491363keywords = upper, chest (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/23. Colonic neuroendocrine carcinoma in a child.A 10-year-old boy with congenital immunodeficiency (X-linked agammaglobulinaemia) presented with loss of appetite and weight, right-sided abdominal pain, diarrhoea and low-grade fever. Radiological investigations with barium follow-through, CT, PET and octreotide scans revealed a primary caecal/ascending proximal colonic mass with liver and bony metastases. urine screen for 5HIAA was positive. Percutaneous liver biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma. The radiological work-up and the usefulness of various imaging modalities in the diagnosis of this rare paediatric tumour are discussed. The PET scan demonstrated the primary tumour and the metastatic locations more vividly than the octreotide scan, which is currently considered to be the most specific imaging modality for neuroendocrine masses.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.0824633473654keywords = abdominal pain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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