1/49. Basal cell carcinoma or not? Histological variants and mimics of the most common cutaneous malignancy.Basal cell carcinomas are the most common cutaneous malignancy encountered by dermatologists. Although most basal cell carcinomas have typical features and are easily diagnosed histologically, some basal cell carcinomas are problematic. Because the best evidence suggests that basal cell carcinomas arise from primitive stem cells that differentiate along follicular lines, it is not uncommon that this tumor may resemble and be confused with a variety of benign and malignant follicular and sweat gland tumors. This article will focus on some common and rare histological variants that may produce confusion, as well as salient features that will allow the correct diagnosis to be made.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/49. Unusual presentation of a salivary pleomorphic adenoma: a case report and review of the literature.Although pleomorphic adenomas are the most common neoplasms of salivary gland origin, our knowledge of the etiology, growth, and recurrence patterns, and significance of the varying histologic features of these tumors, remains limited. We present the case of a 66-year-old man with an unusual presentation of a pleomorphic adenoma, and review the important clinical and pathologic features of this entity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/49. sweat gland proliferations in scleromyxedema.Eccrine sweat duct proliferations may be found in various inflammatory and neoplastic skin lesions. We report a patient with scleromyxedema with extensive proliferations of intradermal sweat ducts. Three-dimensional reconstruction demonstrated extensive coiling and branching of the sweat ducts leading into cystic lacunae. In contrast to the basal cell carcinoma that had grown within the scleromyxedematous skin, the ducts close to the lumen stained positive for carcinoembryonic antigen and could therefore be differentiated from basal cell carcinoma. In micrographically controlled surgery of cutaneous epithelial tumors that are located in chronically inflamed skin, such sweat gland proliferations have to be considered as differential diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/49. Eccrine sweat gland carcinoma: a case report and review of diagnosis and treatment.Carcinomas of the skin appendices are rare neoplasms but for prognostic reasons it is important to differentiate them from the indolent squamous and basal cell carcinomas, as their behavior is more aggressive. We report on a case of eccrine sweat gland carcinoma that displayed all the typical features of those neoplasms. The patient sought medical attention after a lesion in his foot, already present for four years, began to enlarge and developed satellite lesions. The pathological diagnosis was made only after the lesion was initially misdiagnosed as basal cell carcinoma of the skin. Multiple chemotherapeutic regimens and radiation therapy were administered with only temporary benefit. The patient developed distant metastatic disease but survived with metastases for three years. He died nine years after the initial lesion developed in his foot and five years after the diagnosis. The diagnosis of sweat gland carcinomas can be facilitated by histochemical stains. In contrast to squamous and basal cell carcinomas of the skin, these are generally positive for the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Once metastatic, these neoplasms are only infrequently, and usually briefly, responsive to either chemotherapy or radiotherapy and new treatments are urgently needed. Early recognition of the entity may allow more timely treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/49. Basal cell carcinoma metastatic to the parotid: report of a new case and review of the literature.Basal cell carcinoma is the most common of the cutaneous malignancies, accounting for 65 to 75% of all skin cancers. The natural history of this disease is one of chronic local invasion. Metastatic basal cell carcinoma is a rare clinical entity, with a reported incidence of only 0.0028 to 0.5%. Approximately 85% of all metastatic basal cell carcinomas arise in the head and neck region. We present a case of basal cell carcinoma that spread to the parotid gland in a man who had multiple lesions on his scalp and face. We also review the literature on metastatic basal cell carcinoma of the head and neck, and we discuss its epidemiology, etiology, histopathology, and treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/49. Bilateral parotid gland basal cell adenomas. Case report.We report a 65-year-old female with basal cell adenomas arising in the left and right parotid glands and review the literature. diagnosis was based on clinical features, ultrasonographic and CT findings as well as histopathological examination. Parotid tumours usually arise on one side and bilateral occurrence is rare, accounting for 1-3% of all parotid tumours. Most bilateral parotid tumours are Warthin's tumours and pleomorphic adenomas, and bilateral basal cell adenomas of the parotid glands are very rare and only 5 cases including ours have been reported. The exact mechanisms contributing to the development of bilateral parotid tumours remain unknown. We speculate on the involvement of environmental and genetic factors since the histological features of both parotid tumours are identical in most cases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/49. Multiple metastases of carcinoma basocellulare into spinal column.Basal cell carcinoma presents a relatively low potential and local malignancy and very slow growth giving only occasionally metastatic spreading. The frequency of occurrence of metastatic dissemination is estimated in the literature depending on examined population from 0.028% to 0.55%. Metastases are most often found in lymph nodes, lungs bones and internal organs: liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenal glands, pleura and the peritoneum. Authors present a case of a 69-years old female with an extensive basal cell carcinoma of the head convexity, infiltrating the subcutaneous tissue, periostium, bone and dura mater, giving distant metastases to other bone and soft tissue structures of a thoracic spine, which was confirmed by biopsy and histopathological findings of neoplasm tissue in spine. The primary lesion was successfully treated surgically. Despite administered radiotherapy of metastases in spine, progress of the disease during 1-year period was observed. The patient was alive with metastatic tumours present at last follow-up. Basing on the review of the literature and our case report we can distinguish following factors which may increase the risk of occurrence of basal cell carcinoma metastases: the great extent of the primary lesion, deep penetration to stromal tissue, blood and lymph vessel invasion, long history of tumour occurrence and the presence of metatypia in histopathological findings. The above-mentioned case fulfils the criteria of carcinoma basocellulare metastases proposed by Latters and Kessel and may be included to the general registration list of this cancer in the world.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/49. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of submaxillary gland metastatic to great toe.A case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the submaxillary gland metastatic to the left great toe in a 52-year-old man is reported. The patient survived 10 months after diagnosis of the metastasis to the hallux. The well-documented cases of four other patients, two each with pulmonary and renal-cell carcinoma metastatic to the toe, are reviewed. Metastatic carcinoma to the toe as well as the finger typically mimics an inflammatory process. An osteolytic lesion of the phalanx of a toe or finger resembling an inflammatory process without a history of injury or infection should suggest the possibility of malignancy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/49. prolactinoma and other head and neck tumors after scalp irradiation.Tumors of the thyroid and parathyroid glands may develop together or separately in patients who previously have been exposed to head and neck irradiation. Whether cranial irradiation confers an increased risk for pituitary adenoma remains unknown. We report the case of a 52-year-old woman who was treated during childhood for tinea capitis with scalp irradiation and later in life developed a prolactin-secreting tumor, a parathyroid adenoma, a benign thyroid lesion, and a basal cell carcinoma of the skin. She was treated successfully with bromocriptine and surgical removal of the parathyroid adenoma. Molecular analysis of the parathyroid tissue failed to demonstrate any abnormality of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene. This case report is the first to describe a prolactin-secreting tumor that developed in association with other endocrine neoplasia after head and neck irradiation. Our case suggests that multiple endocrine neoplasia may develop in a sporadic pattern after scalp irradiation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/49. Basal cell carcinoma with pulmonary and lymph node metastasis causing death.BACKGROUND: The incidence of metastatic basal cell carcinoma ranges from 0.003% to 0.55%. The 230 reported cases most often occurred in long-standing recurrent lesions and appeared in regional nodes or the lungs. OBSERVATIONS: The stromal dependence of the tumor provides an explanation for the nonmetastasizing nature of basal cell carcinoma. The dense fibrous stroma of the lymph node in the case of metastatic basal cell carcinoma reported in the present study is similar to other reported cases with metastases to lymph nodes, bone, bone marrow, glands, and subcutaneous tissue. CONCLUSIONS: This metastatic basal cell carcinoma demonstrated lymphatic and hematogenous dissemination to the lungs and lymph nodes. A dense accumulation of microvessels was present at the boundary of the tumor nests and dermal stroma and in the stroma surrounding the tumor in the lymph node.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |