1/56. Broncholithiasis: rare but still present.Broncholithiasis is a rare but distinct and potentially dangerous pulmonary problem that still needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of some patients with bronchial obstruction. Broncholiths originate from calcified material in peribronchial lymph nodes eroding into the tracheobronchial tree. The clinical and chest X-ray signs are usually non-specific, but the diagnosis can nowadays be made based on clinical suspicion, CT-scan and fibre-optic bronchoscopy findings, so that a malignant cause of airway obstruction can be ruled out. The removal of broncholiths during fibre-optic bronchoscopy is seldom possible and rather dangerous. They can be removed safely by rigid bronchoscopy with the aid of Nd-YAG laser photocoagulation. thoracotomy is indicated in complicated cases with fistula formation or severe bleeding.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tree (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/56. A resuscitated case from asphyxia by large bronchial cast.A 62-year-old woman with bronchiectasis suffered from asphyxia due to a large bronchial cast that obstructed the bronchial tree. Immediate bronchoscopic suction of a bronchial cast of 17 cm in length through the intubated tube relieved the patients without any complications. Large bronchial casts appear to be rare in this century but it should be considered in patients with acute exacerbation of excessive sputa not only in patients with asthma or allergy but also in patients with respiratory tract infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tree (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/56. Left upper lobe bronchus reimplantation for nonpenetrating thoracic trauma.Trauma to the tracheobronchial tree has been diagnosed and treated with increasing frequency over the last several decades. However, most reports have dealt with management of injuries to the trachea and main stem bronchi, as approximately 80% of blunt tracheobronchial injuries occur within this area. With few exceptions, injury to the lobar bronchi has resulted in thoracotomy and lobectomy. We describe a patient with an injury to the left upper lobe bronchus who presented with delayed obstruction of the airway by fibrogranulation tissue. A successful segmental resection of the bronchial occlusion with reimplantation was performed, thereby preserving the patient's otherwise normal left upper lobe. This case demonstrates that resection and reimplantation of an injured lobar bronchus are feasible, even in a delayed setting.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tree (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/56. Suspected foreign body aspiration in a child with endobronchial tuberculosis.Endobronchial tuberculosis is a form of pulmonary tuberculosis, thought to result from rupture of an infected node through the bronchial wall or from lymphatic spread to the mucosal surface of the bronchial tree. With the presence of multidrug resistant isolates of TB, and its incidence in an increasing number of foreign-born persons immigrating to the US, otolaryngologists must be aware of its often subtle presentation. The following case is an unusual presentation of endobronchial tuberculosis initially diagnosed as an airway foreign body.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tree (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/56. Postpneumonectomy syndrome after left pneumonectomy.Postpneumonectomy syndrome, a late complication of pneumonectomy, is secondary to shift of the mediastinum and remaining lung toward the pneumonectomy side, leading to tracheobronchial compression between the vertebral body and the aorta or pulmonary artery. Obstructive airway symptoms are usually due to tracheobronchial tree compression, however, secondary airway malacia may develop. We report herein a case of postpneumonectomy syndrome with secondary bronchomalacia after left pneumonectomy in a patient with normal mediastinal vascular anatomy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tree (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/56. Otolaryngologic manifestations of Rosai-Dorfman disease.PURPOSE: To describe an unusual head and neck occurrence of Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) and to review the otolaryngologic manifestations of this rare entity. methods: A case presentation with review of the literature describing Rosai-Dorfman disease and its head and neck involvement. Setting: A tertiary care, urban children's hospital. RESULTS: This is the first description, to the best of our knowledge, of RDD [Sinus histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy (SHML)] involving bilateral external auditory canals and middle ear in a 12 year old patient previously diagnosed with 'asthma' and hearing loss. This patient also had extensive involvement of the tracheobronchial tree. Representative clinical, radiographic and histological findings are presented. Its etiology, diagnosis and management are also reviewed. CONCLUSION: This is the first reported case of middle ear and external auditory canal involvement of RDD in a patient with hearing loss and associated tracheobronchial lesions. RDD, although rare, may be considered in the differential diagnosis of unusual histiocytic lesions of the external auditory canal, especially with findings of similar or comparable lesions involving the respiratory tract. Confirmation is with identification of emperipolesis and appropriate immunohistochemical staining (S-100 positive, CD-68 positive and CD-1a negative). Intervention is recommended in cases where there is increased risk of mortality, as in severe obstruction of the tracheobronchial tree. Otherwise, since these lesions are self-limiting, the patients can be observed closely.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = tree (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/56. Diffuse calcification of the airways.Airway calcification is usually restricted to the cartilaginous conducting portion of the bronchial tree. Alternatively, calcification of the alveoli is a relatively common consequence of calcium and phosphate imbalance. We wish to report an unusual case in which diffuse calcification of the entire bronchial tree, absent alveolar calcification, was identified in a patient with renal dysfunction. Pathologists should not exclude metastatic calcification when considering the etiology of bronchial calcification.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = tree (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/56. External-beam radiation therapy in the treatment of diffuse tracheobronchial amyloidosis.Tracheobronchial amyloidosis is characterized by deposits of amyloid in airway walls. No effective treatment is known. We describe a 59-year-old woman who presented with increasing symptoms of airway obstruction due to diffuse deposition of amyloid throughout her tracheobronchial tree. She was treated with external-beam radiation therapy (20 Gy) with marked improvement in her symptoms, effort tolerance, bronchoscopic appearance, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (1.39 L to 1.97 L [42%]). This improvement was maintained during 21 months of follow-up.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tree (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/56. Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: report of three cases.Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare disease characterized by the presence of osseous and cartilaginous submucosal nodules in the tracheobronchial tree. The majority of patients remain asymptomatic; however, a small number develop severe airway stenosis. Symptoms may include dyspnea, hoarseness, cough, hemoptysis, and recurrent pneumonia. Plain chest X-ray films are often unremarkable but may demonstrate atelectasis, consolidation, tracheal nodularity, or narrowing. CT reveals tracheal nodularity with calcification and narrowing. This article reviews the cross-sectional imaging characteristics of TO.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tree (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/56. Broncholithiasis: a case report.A case is reported of broncholithiasis in a 29-year-old female factory worker presenting with cough and lithoptysis. Broncholithiasis is a rare disorder characterized by calcified perihilar and mediastinal lymph nodes eroding into the tracheobronchial tree. Although cough, hemoptysis, lithoptysis, pneumonia and bronchoesophageal fistula formation have been reported, broncholithiasis may also result in potentially life-threatening conditions such as airway obstruction from endobronchial polypoid granulation masses, and massive hemorrhage from an aorto-tracheal fistula or erosion of a pulmonary artery branch.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tree (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |