1/19. Palinopsia with bacterial brain abscess and noonan syndrome.Though positive visual symptoms can be psychological in nature, or can result from a perceptive or anxious patients recognizing optical principals in the eye itself, this case illustrates how a thorough history is required to delineate those rarer signs which accompany serious macular or neuro-ophthalmic pathology.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/19. blastomyces dermatitidis occurring as an isolated cerebellar mass.Although abundant in nature, fungi are infrequently pathogenic in humans. CNS fungal infections in non-immunocompromised individuals are uncommon. We discuss here the case of an otherwise healthy black woman with an isolated mass of the cerebellopontine angle identified as blastomyces dermatitidis, successfully treated with surgical resection of the mass and intravenous amphotericin b therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/19. Intraoperative cytodiagnosis of metastatic brain tumors confused clinically with brain abscess. A report of three cases.BACKGROUND: Cystic lesions of the brain may have diverse etiologies, ranging from true cysts to malignant tumors with cystic degeneration. Preoperative determination of the exact nature of them as well as intraoperative diagnosis may be sometimes difficult or even impossible. sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis will be improved by introducing new methods or combining traditional procedures. CASES: Three metastatic brain carcinomas with primary sites of breast, pancreas and prostate presented as cystic lesions and were confused clinically with abscess. Intraoperative frozen section was not revealing. Cytologic study of sediments of aspirated fluid uncovered malignant cells. CONCLUSION: When combined with frozen section, intraoperative cytologic studies in the form of crush preparation, fine needle aspiration or evaluation of aspirated fluid in cystic lesions (as in our cases) can improve diagnostic accuracy by detecting important diagnostic features that otherwise may be missed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/19. Intracranial vasculitis and multiple abscesses in a pregnant woman.Cerebral vasculitis is an unusual disorder with many causes. Infectious causes of cerebral vasculitis are predominantly bacterial or viral in nature. Purulent bacterial vasculitis is most often a complication of severe bacterial meningitis. The patient is a 25-year-old African American female, 25 weeks pregnant, who presented to the neurology service after a consult and referral from an outside hospital. She had a 1-month history of right sixth nerve palsy. Initial workup included a negative lumber puncture and a noninfused magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three days later, the patient developed right-sided migraine headaches and right third nerve palsy. The angiogram revealed diffuse irregularity and narrowing of the petrous, cavernous, and supraclinoid portions of the internal carotid and right middle cerebral arteries. Shortly thereafter, an MRI examination revealed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement and abscess and a right parietal subdural empyema. Infectious vasculitis secondary to purulent meningitis has a rapidly progressive course and presents with cranial nerve palsy with involvement of the cavernous sinus. Although the association of this disease with pregnancy has not been established, it should be recognized that the early imaging studies may be negative or discordant and follow-up imaging might be necessary.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/19. Case of penetrating orbitocranial injury caused by wood.A case of retained intraorbital and intracerebral wooden foreign body following an orbitocranial penetrating injury through the lower lid of an adult is described. Initial failure to recognise the true nature of the injury led to intracerebral abscess formation and monocular blindness. Diagnosis and management of such cases are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/19. Subdural and epidural empyemas: MR imaging.The MR images of six patients with extraaxial empyemas (five subdural and four epidural) were reviewed and compared with CT scans. MR demonstrated convexity and interhemispheric collections, which were mildly hyperintense relative to CSF and hypointense relative to white matter on short TR pulse sequences and hyperintense relative to CSF and white matter on long TR pulse sequences, allowing distinction from sterile effusions and most chronic hematomas. A hypointense rim, representing displaced dura, was depicted at the interface between the lesion and brain in epidural empyemas, a feature absent in subdural empyemas. inflammation-induced parenchymal abnormalities, including edema, mass effect, and reversible cortical hyperintensity, were well depicted on MR imaging. MR was superior to CT in demonstrating the presence, nature, and extent of these lesions in all cases. Because early and accurate diagnosis will significantly improve the prognosis of these serious infections, MR is preferred to CT for patients in whom an acute intracranial infection is suspected.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/19. gliosarcoma developing in close relationship to an abscess cavity injected with thorotrast.A case of an unusual tumor developing at the site of an abscess is reported. The tumor presented 21 years after burr hole drainage of the abscess and instillation of the contrast medium thorotrast. The bizarre nature of the tumor and its immediate proximity to the thorotrast lead the authors to believe that the tumor was caused by the contrast medium.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/19. Chronic granulomatous disease with cranial fungal osteomyelitis and epidural abscess. Case report.A patient is described with osteomyelitis of the cranium and epidural abscess due to aspergillus fumigatus as the presenting manifestations of chronic granulomatous disease. The diagnosis was suggested by the unusual nature of the organism isolated and confirmed by appropriate laboratory studies. The details of diagnostic assessment and therapeutic management are discussed, and the central nervous system manifestations of chronic granulomatous disease are reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/19. Intravenous amphetamine abuse, primary cerebral mucormycosis, and acquired immunodeficiency.Two intravenous amphetamine abusers had fatal, rapidly progressive cerebral mucormycosis with abscess formation in the presence of absolute lymphopenia. Postmortem examination confirmed the primary nature of the fungal cerebritis, documented by postmortem culture and histology. The clinical and pathologic features of these cases are compared to previously reported occurrences of primary fungal cerebritis (and abscess) among intravenous drug abusers, including cocaine users. Primary fungal cerebritis associated with intravenous abuse of stimulant drugs is discussed as a possible variant of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/19. phaeohyphomycosis of brain: granulomatous encephalitis caused by Drechslera spicifera.Drechslera spicifera is a dematiaceous fungus which occurs widely in nature but only rarely has been implicated in animal and human infections. Previous infections have occurred in superficial and subcutaneous sites or were encountered in immunologically compromised hosts. This report documents a case of granulomatous encephalitis due to Drechslera spicifera in an immunologically competent woman with no known underlying disease, from whom the fungus was isolated. Animal pathogenicity studies in mice reproduced the histopathologic features, and the fungus was reisolated from the animals.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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