1/12. Relation of aphemia and agraphia.A 49-year-old right-handed man presented with a severe impairment of motor speech output aphemia. Initially, he could make grunting sounds, but was otherwise mute. There was no disturbance of comprehension, and he preferred to communicate by writing. writing was agrammatic with lexical errors and mispellings which improved with the speech disturbance. The writing abnormalities of aphemics emphasize the aphasic nature of this speech abnormality.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/12. writing through the phonological buffer: a case of progressive writing disorder.A progressively dysgraphic patient is described, whose deficit involved, at different stages, the post-allographic, the allographic and the orthographic representation of words. The patient's roughly comparable difficulties in oral and written spelling and in dictation by composition, as the disease progressed, showed that the damage was no longer limited to output mechanisms but also involved more central processes. The nature of the errors (phonologically based), their identical distributions for words and non-words, the inability to write under articulatory suppression, the normal repetition and the impairment in reading and lexical decision suggest that the patient cannot rely on the orthographic representation of words and instead makes use of a phonological representation by spelling through the phonological buffer.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/12. Post graphemic impairments of writing: the case of micrographia.Micrographia (MG), an acquired impairment of writing characterized by diminution of letter size, coupled with slowing and loss of accuracy, is most frequently observed in the course of degenerative disease of basal ganglia, such as Parkinson's disease. Only a few cases of MG without concomitant extrapyramidal signs have been described, mostly following vascular lesion of the left basal ganglia.In this article we report an isolated pattern of MG following an extensive traumatic cerebral lesion centered in the left basal ganglia. The nature of this impairment is analyzed according to a cognitive model of writing and interpreted as a specific example of peripheral dysgraphia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/12. When Ciarli Ciaplin drives a Pejio' in Itali: writing loan words in a shallow language.With increasing frequency the lexicon of every language incorporates words taken from other languages (loan words) that become of common use, but whose orthography does not necessarily conform to the rules of the native language. This is particularly true for languages like Italian, where most words can be correctly written by the application of a sublexical phonology-to-orthography conversion procedure. Here we report the case of a neurologically unimpaired, highly educated Italian person, with a specific deficit in writing loan words. The aim of the study is to clarify the nature of her dysgraphic impairment, if linked to a semantic deficit, or alternatively reflecting an acquisition deficit, present both in the phonological and orthographic output lexicons, or specific only for the orthographic lexicon. A qualitative analysis of her errors and a comparison with the performance of a group of age and education matched subjects showed that her error pattern was not an amplification of the task difficulty effect observed in the control subjects, but rather an expression of an impairment in acquiring specific writing procedures.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/12. Alexia without agraphia in a left-handed patient with a right occipital lesion.A left-handed patient who had suffered an ischemic vascular accident in the territory of the right posterior cerebral artery displayed alexia without agraphia. Clinical examination of this alexia revealed semiological characteristics comparable with those observed in cases of left temporo-occipital lesions in right-handed patients. Analysis of these disturbances indicated that they were agnosic in nature. The associated disturbances included problems of visual representation and topographic memory together with an amnesic syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/12. Pure "aphasic" agraphia due to damage of the left superior parietal lobule.A case of pure agraphia, due to an ischaemic lesion of the left superior parietal lobule, is reported. The neuropsychological analysis of writing performances suggests an aphasic nature of this patient's pure agraphia. The authors discuss the role played by diffuse and/or localized brain lesions in writing function, emphasizing that the left superior parietal lobule in man may be crucial for the sensorimotor linguistic integration needed for writing.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/12. nature of spelling errors in transcortical sensory aphasia: a case study.The nature and extent of spelling errors in a patient with transcortical sensory aphasia were investigated. The two experimental conditions required the patient to spell monosyllabic and polysyllabic words both verbally and in written form. Analysis of the spelling errors revealed partially preserved knowledge of the visual image of a word as a whole, as well as preserved knowledge of temporal order. Our patient's error patterns in both conditions were more similar than dissimilar. These findings in conjunction with results reported in the literature indicate that patients exhibiting different aphasia syndromes use separate spelling strategies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/12. Alexia and agraphia in Wernicke's aphasia.Three patients with otherwise typical Wernicke's aphasia showed consistently greater impairment of reading than auditory comprehension. While this syndrome resembles alexia with agraphia, the paraphasia of speech, repetition, and naming underline the aphasic nature of the disorder. Together with previous reports of isolated word deafness in Wernicke's aphasia, these cases suggest a relative independence of auditory and visual language processing.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/12. Mechanisms of reading and spelling in a case of alexia without agraphia.In the clinical syndrome of alexia without agraphia, reading is greatly disturbed while writing and spelling remain relatively intact. The most commonly accepted explanation of this pattern of findings is that the center for written language interpretation remains intact, but has become inaccessible to visual input. This paper examines the nature of the intact written language center with respect to specific mechanisms of reading and spelling in a patient presenting with the major components of alexia without agraphia. It is concluded that the dissociation between reading and writing performance found in this patient reflects the existence of separate and distinct mechanisms for reading and spelling.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/12. Left unilateral agraphia and tactile anomia. Disturbances seen after occulusion of the anterior cerebral artery.A 53-year-old right-handed Japanese man had a callosal disconnection syndrome associated with an occlusion of the left pericallosal artery. Computerized tomography scan confirmed a left medial lesion affecting the cingulate gyrus, the paracentral lobule, the precuneus of the left hemisphere, and most probably the corpus callosum. This anterior cerebral artery syndrome was characterized by right hemiparesis with predominant crural involvement, unilateral left-sided "disconnection" agraphia, and left unilateral "disconnection" tactile naming deficit. To our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature of the anterior cerebral artery syndrome in which unilateral leftsided apraxia was not associated with agraphia. The case is also the first in which Kanji-Kana dissociation of an aphasic nature has been reported as a feature of isolated left agraphia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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