1/15. Cervical/vaginal endometriosis with atypia: A cytohistopathologic study.Neoplastic or atypical glandular epithelial cells of uncertain significance were reported in the preoperative smears from 10 women with cervical or vaginal endometriosis. Subsequent conization and vaginal biopsy revealed endometriotic tissue with variable epithelial atypia, but no evidence of in situ or invasive carcinoma. review of the smears revealed appearances similar to those seen in "high cervical sampling" or in smears from patients with tubal metaplasia. The presence of large cohesive cell sheets with retained cell polarity and well-defined cytoplasmic edges, of endometrial cell "whorls" and tubular structures, and of endometrial-like stromal cells coupled with the absence of three-dimensional cell clusters, peripheral cell-sheet crowding, "cell feathering," and pseudostratified cell strips are features helpful in the distinction between cervical/vaginal endometriosis and adenocarcinoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 1999;21:188-193.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/15. rupture of the cervix in a sulprostone induced abortion in the second trimester.The authors report one case of cervical rupture in a normal uterus of a 43 years old second gravida, during an abortion at 16 weeks induced by sulprostone, a prostaglandin analogue. Case history and analysis of permittent condictions are listed. They conclude that uterus rupture remains an actual side effect of this prostaglandin E2 use, also when predisposing risk factors as scarred uterus, primigravid patients, age <20 years have been excluded, and gemeprost vaginal suppositories to ripen the cervix have been used.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/15. Utility of trichrome and reticulin stains in the diagnosis of superficial endometriosis of the uterine cervix.Superficial endometriosis of the uterine cervix is a not uncommon lesion and the cells on the cervicovaginal smear shed from it can be easily mistaken for cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia (CGIN). The correct diagnosis can not always be easily made on H&E stained tissue sections unless it is suspected. The endometriotic stroma is often misinterpreted as stromal hypercellularity or postinflammatory fibrosis following erosion or ulceration of the cervical mucosa. Moreover, the endometriotic glands may resemble tubo-endometrioid metaplasia of the endocervical glands. This article describes the utility of trichrome and reticulin stains in the diagnosis of superficial cervical endometriosis. The absence of abundant thick collagen bundles and the investment of individual stromal cells by a fine reticulin network within the endometriotic foci are characteristic histologic features. These findings are not observed in the surrounding normal cervical stroma nor in the usual conditions in the differential diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/15. Pathogenesis of microglandular hyperplasia of the cervix uteri.Microglandular hyperplasia of the cervix has commonly been associated with pregnancy and oral contraceptive use. In a review of 22 cases seen over the last 10 years, 6 of the cases were not associated with hormonal changes. The idiopathic presentation of this lesion is reviewed. Microglandular hyperplasia of the cervix mimicking clear cell carcinoma of the cervix occurred in a 26-year-old woman with a history of in utero stilbestrol exposure who was taking an oral contraceptive. The differentiation of these two unusual lesions of the cervix is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/15. Acantholytic cells exfoliated from pemphigus vulgaris of the uterine cervix. A case report.BACKGROUND: pemphigus vulgaris of the uterine cervix is rare and almost always associated with cutaneous or mucosal lesions elsewhere on the body. Without a history of pemphigus, acantholytic cells in cervical smears may be misdiagnosed as malignant ones. CASE: A 52-year-old female presented with a vaginal discharge, and a routine cervical smear was collected for cytology. The smear displayed atypical cells lying singly and in loose clusters, having vesicular nuclei, a thin nuclear membrane, prominent nucleoli and well-defined cytoplasmic margins. These were labeled atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance, and colposcopic examination and biopsy were advised. On colposcopy vesicular lesions and erosions were noticed on the cervix. The biopsy revealed typical intact as well as denuded suprabasal bullae of pemphigus vulgaris. On reevaluation of the cytologic smear, the cytomorphologic features correlated well with the acantholytic cells of pemphigus. Thorough reexamination of the patient revealed 2 tiny vesicles on the oral mucosa that, on biopsy, confirmed the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris. CONCLUSION: Cytopathologists should be aware of the typical cytomorphologic features of pemphigus vulgaris and, in an appropriate clinical setting, should be able to diagnose or at least suspect this entity in even rare sites like the cervix. A false positive diagnosis of malignancy can be avoided if the cytologic findings are judiciously correlated with the history and with clinical and colposcopic examinations.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/15. Arias-Stella reaction of the endocervix: a report of 18 cases with emphasis on its varied histology and differential diagnosis.We report 18 cases of Arias-Stella reaction involving the endocervix with an emphasis on histologic features that can be encountered and result in the misdiagnosis of carcinoma. The patients ranged in age from 19 to 44 years. Two patients had a history of oral contraceptive use and 15 were pregnant; clinical information was not available in one case. Ten lesions presented as cervical polyps, and six were incidental findings in specimens obtained because of cervical dysplasia, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, fibroids, and a missed abortion. One patient was found to have a cervical "lesion" on a routine gynecologic examination. In the remaining patient, a cervical biopsy was obtained, for unknown reasons, at the time of termination of pregnancy. Microscopic examination showed a varied histologic appearance including vacuolated clear cytoplasm (18 cases), intraglandular tufts (16 cases), hobnail cells (14 cases), oxyphilic cytoplasm (13 cases), delicate filiform papillae (12 cases), intranuclear pseudoinclusions (10 cases), cribriform intraglandular growth (3 cases), and a single mitotic figure in 1 case. The histologic changes involved the superficial glands (6 cases), deep glands (4 cases), or both (8 cases); confluent or extensive gland involvement was seen in 8 cases. Follow-up information, available in four cases (4, 2, 1, 1 years), was unremarkable. The principal consideration in the differential diagnosis was clear cell carcinoma. The features most helpful in this distinction were the usual lack of a mass suspicious for cancer, absence of a desmoplastic response, lack of an infiltrative pattern, spectrum of cytologic atypia, low nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, and usual lack of mitotic activity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/15. Mullerian adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth of the cervix presenting as cervical polyp: a case report and review of the literature.An aggressive variant of adenosarcoma, mullerian adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth (MASO) in the cervix is extremely rare. This variant contains obvious, high-grade sarcoma in addition to a low-grade form. In this report, we describe a case of MASO of the uterine cervix and review the clinical and pathological features of these tumors. The patient was a 37-year-old woman with a cervical polypoid mass, which was morphologically considered as a benign endocervical polyp. Microscopically, polypoid cervical mass showed diffuse and dense malignant spindle cell proliferation around the benign endocervical glands and also an area of markedly anaplastic and pleomorphic spindle cell proliferation, so called, sarcomatous overgrowth. Total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection were performed. The patient has been followed-up and neither chemotherapy nor other adjuvant therapies have been administered. At present, she has been clinically free of disease for 9 months since she received surgery. It is extremely rare that MASO of the uterine cervix is presented in premenopausal woman. Gynecologists and pathologists should be aware of the difficulties associated with a delay in the diagnosis of MASO when the tumor is present as a benign looking cervical polyp.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/15. MRI of endocervical glandular disorders: three cases of a deep nabothian cyst and three cases of a minimal-deviation adenocarcinoma.The incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma is increasing. Nabothian cysts are a common gynecologic condition; if multiple and/or large cysts are present, it is difficult to differentiate them from a minimal-deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA), which is classified as a special type of cervical adenocarcinoma. We report three cases of deep nabothian cysts and three cases of MDAs. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, signs, and symptoms of these cases are described. The absence of a watery discharge and an MR image displaying a round or oval cyst without enhancement after intravenous gadolinium are helpful in the diagnosis of a deep nabothian cyst.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/15. Endosalpingiosis as a source of psammoma bodies in a Papanicolaou smear. A case report.Psammoma bodies are concentric, laminated structures produced by cross-sectioning the tips of calcified papillary formations and are usually associated with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland, meningiomas and serous papillary tumors of the ovary. These structures have occasionally been seen in cytologic smears obtained from women with endometrial or ovarian carcinoma. A woman had Papanicolaou smears that continued to show psammoma bodies for over two years, eventually leading to a hysterectomy. Even though the presence of psammoma bodies on a Papanicolaou smear should always alert the physician to the possibility of ovarian carcinoma, leading to a thorough search for this malignancy, a variety of benign conditions, such as endosalpingiosis, may also be associated with this finding.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/15. Asherman's syndrome: a review of the literature, and a husband and wife's 20-year world-wide experience.Asherman's syndrome is reviewed, and 27 cases treated by us in iran, england, new zealand and australia over a 20-year period are analysed. Aetiological factors and treatment are discussed. In view of the high incidence of complications in subsequent pregnancies, the need for prevention is stressed. Although more common in some countries, it is, nevertheless, of world-wide distribution and, unless looked for, will be missed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |