11/291. Malignant clear-cell hidradenoma of the toe.Malignant sweat gland tumors are rare tumors of the extremity. Their insidious growth patterns and often confusing pathological characteristics can cause confusion with more common benign tumors. However, these tumors cannot be neglected because they do have a propensity to metastasize. Presented is a 56-year-old woman with a malignant clear-cell hidradenoma of the foot actually presenting as a benign lesion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/291. Spiradenoma arising in a nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn: case report and literature review.nevus sebaceus (NS) of Jadassohn is usually a verrucous plaque on the scalp or face that arises secondary to disordered development of epithelial, pilar, sebaceous, and apocrine structures. The emergence of neoplasia is a late stage in the natural history of NS. Although most neoplastic proliferations are benign, several malignant tumors have arisen in this lesion. We describe the first case of a benign spiradenoma arising in an NS on the scalp in a 72-year-old Caucasian woman. Reexcision was recommended to prevent the development of a second neoplastic process and to avoid the rare occurrence of a malignant transformation of the existing neoplasia. The patient declined reexcision and remains under observation. The spectrum of tumors arising in NS are described and are categorized according to behavior. Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is the most commonly observed benign growth, whereas basal cell carcinoma is the most frequently seen malignant process. The signs of tumor development (benign or malignant) within an NS are reviewed, and treatment recommendations are provided. The clinical course of rare and unique aggressive neoplasms originating in NS is summarized.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/291. Two cases of cutaneous apocrine ductal carcinoma of the axilla. Case report and review of the literature.We report 2 cases of cutaneous apocrine ductal carcinoma (CADC) of the axilla in a 64- and a 54-year-old male. Histological examination revealed 2 solid, ductal and glandular tumors with decapitation secretion. Tumor cells showed cellular and nuclear atypism, and infiltrative growth of tumor cell nests was also observed. Although there were no characteristic features of extramammary Paget's disease on the overlying skin, case 1 exhibited a typical Paget's phenomenon. We concluded that the Paget's phenomenon of case 1 was a result of upward extension of the tumor in the dermis. The neoplastic cells of both cases were immunohistochemically positive for gross cystic disease fluid protein, lysozyme, CD15 and carcinoembryonic antigen but negative for S-100 protein. Based on these findings, we concluded that these tumors were cutaneous apocrine ductal carcinomas. There was no evidence of tumor remnants in the axilla, and the patients have shown no signs of local recurrence or metastasis. We also reviewed the literature and summarize here the clinical features of CADC. copyright (R) 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.8keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/291. Malignant hidroacanthoma simplex: a case report.Hidroacanthoma simplex is a benign tumor of the skin originating from or showing differentiation to the sweat glands. It grossly resembles seborrheic keratosis of bowen's disease and histologically shows intraepidermal focal growth of epithelial cells. Malignant transformation of this tumor is rare. We report a case of pigmented hidroacanthoma with malignant transformation in a 67-year-old woman. There was a 20-year history of a skin lesion on the right thigh, which first appeared as a small verrucous papule, progressed to a dark-brown colored patch, and then to a pigmented plaque. Histologically, the primary tumor was composed of small squamoid cells with marked cellular atypia. Most of the tumor cells were located in the epidermis. Immunohistochemically, the cytoplasm of some tumor cells showed a positive reaction for epithelial membrane antigen, but not for either carcino-embryonic antigen or the S-100 protein.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/291. Clear cell syringoid carcinoma: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study.Syringoid carcinoma (syringoid "eccrine" carcinoma or eccrine epithelioma) is a rare cutaneous tumor with some controversy regarding its correct definition. It may also be difficult to differentiate from its benign counterpart (syringoma), other adnexal carcinomas, and cutaneous metastasis from adenocarcinomas. We present a case of a syringoid carcinoma of the clear cell variant complemented with an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study, the latter revealing cytoplasmic accumulation of glycogen and presence of intercellular and intracellular lumina in clear tumor cells, as well as diverse hallmarks of malignancy (i.e., perineural invasion, tumor necrosis, and deep invasion). Clear tumor cells showed cytoplasmic and membranous immunoreactivity to epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, keratins, and S-100. Our ultrastructural and immunohistochemical results support the ductal differentiation of the glycogen-filled clear cell tumor population.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/291. Clear cell hidradenoma in a young girl.Clear cell hidradenoma was diagnosed in a girl at 3(1/2) years of age. Only one case of hidradenoma has been documented in the first decade of life, although it remains unclear whether it was clear cell hidradenoma. This case demonstrates that clear cell hidradenoma is a rare differential diagnosis of cutaneous tumors even in young children, which is of special interest, because malignant transformations can occur.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/291. Primary mucinous carcinoma of the skin.Primary mucinous carcinomas of the skin are very rare. To date, 120 cases have been described in the literature. This tumor is a histologic subtype of sweat gland carcinoma. Because of the histopathologic appearance, primary mucinous carcinoma of the skin can be mistaken for metastasis from extracutaneous sites. We report on the cases of two elderly women with mucinous carcinomas arising in the scalp. Immunohistochemical staining of both tumors was positive for low-molecular-weight cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen. carcinoembryonic antigen was positive in Case 2. Neuroendocrine features represented by neuron-enolase-specific positivity were also observed in both cases, and Grimelius and chromogranin a positivity were observed in Case 2. In both cases, there was strong positivity for estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor. Image analysis cytometry showed a diploid dna content with a low rate of proliferative cells and negativity for p53 and c-erbB-2 proteins in agreement with the low aggressiveness of these neoplasms.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/291. Eccrine syringofibroadenoma (Mascaro): an immunohistochemical study.Eccrine syringofibroadenoma is an uncommon benign eccrine tumor, which was first described by Mascaro in 1963. It usually develops on the extremities of elderly persons. We report on a 74-year-old man who presented with a 2-year history of a slowly growing lesion on his face. A detailed histologic and immunohistochemical study was performed on the biopsy material. The tumor consisted of epidermal-derived anastomosing thin epithelial cords embedded in a fibrovascular stroma. The epithelial cords contained ductal and cystic structures lined by luminal cells, which were decorated by antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen, keratin K19, K8, and K18. Antibody to keratin K6 decorated the luminal walls of the acrosyringia. antibodies to filaggrin decorated the superficial luminal structures. These results suggest dual acrosyringial and dermal duct differentiation in syringofibroadenoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/291. Granular cell traumatic neuroma: a lesion occurring in mastectomy scars.BACKGROUND: Granular cell changes can be observed in a variety of benign and malignant tumors, and are seen more commonly in granular cell tumors, which in about 5% of cases develop in the breast. Granular cells also have been observed in sites of previous trauma, such as surgery, and are found to be inflammatory reactions of histiocytic origin. methods AND RESULTS: We investigated, morphologically and immunohistochemically, 2 granular cell lesions occurring in mastectomy scars after surgery for carcinoma. Both lesions were composed of strands and nests of large granular cells, haphazardly set in a background of fibrous tissue, with sparse inflammatory infiltrates. Several tortuous hypertrophic nerve bundles were also embedded in the fibrous tissue. A few of these nerve bundles showed degenerative changes and contained granular cells. Immunohistochemically, granular cells were positive for S100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, vimentin, and CD68 antigen. CONCLUSIONS: We consider these proliferative lesions of peripheral nerves to have the features of both granular cell tumor and traumatic neuroma. These cases indicate that traumatic neuroma can undergo extensive granular cell changes and constitute a previously unrecognized entity, which we provisionally label granular cell traumatic neuroma. Granular cell traumatic neuroma has to be taken into consideration when evaluating lesions occurring at mastectomy scars and should be differentiated from malignant tumors with granular cells, such as apocrine carcinoma and alveolar soft part sarcoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.2keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/291. Recurrent malignant chondroid syringoma of the foot: a case report and review of the literature.Malignant chondroid syringoma, or mixed tumor of the skin, salivary gland type, is an uncommon neoplasm believed to originate in sweat glands. This neoplasm occurs mostly in women and is typically seen in the extremities and torso. A case of recurrent malignant chondroid syringoma of the right foot in a man aged 34 years is described with a review of pertinent literature. The surgically excised neoplasm was evaluated by routine histology, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. The malignant chondroid syringoma showed microscopic dermal satellite tumor nodules. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for keratin and S100 and negative for actin and p53. Ki-67 showed <10% positive staining. Ultrastructurally, the neoplasm was composed of epithelial cells with tonofilaments, cell junctions, and electron-dense amorphous keratin-like substance in the intercellular spaces. No evidence of myoepithelial differentiation was noted. Given the tumoral size, acral location, and histologic findings, the neoplasm was classified as a malignant chondroid syringoma. After reviewing the literature, it became apparent that wide surgical excision, adjuvant radiation therapy as well as patient education are critical in facilitating long-term survival.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.6keywords = cell (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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