11/792. Molecular analysis of glioma and skin-tumour alterations in a xeroderma-pigmentosum child.xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare hereditary disease characterized by a very high frequency of skin tumours due to a defect in the nucleotide-excision-repair process. Some of these patients have also been reported to develop internal tumours with higher frequency than the normal population. Reported here are the clinical features and molecular analysis of an XP patient who developed multiple skin cancers as well as a thalamic glioma. Complementation analysis with recombinant retrovirus, cloning efficiency and unscheduled DNA synthesis after UV-C indicate that the patient belongs to the C group. Characterization of the p53 mutations in the 2 tumours of the patient leads to speculation on the aetiological agents involved in tumour initiation. The skin tumour is clearly induced by the presence of unrepaired UVB-induced dna damage on the non-transcribed strand of the p53 gene, while the glioma may be induced by unrepaired DNA lesions produced by free radicals.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/792. Cytokeratin expression in trichoblastic fibroma (small nodular type trichoblastoma), trichoepithelioma and basal cell carcinoma.Classical trichoblastic fibroma or small nodular type trichoblastoma (Ackerman) is a rare tumour. This tumour, trichoepithelioma and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) have some overlapping histopathological features. There are only a few reports on immunohistochemical studies in large series of these three neoplasms. We investigated immunostaining patterns of 10 different anticytokeratin (CK) antibodies and several other markers in these neoplasms, comparing them with the patterns in normal adult and fetal skin. In trichoblastic fibroma (three cases), CK1/5/10/14, CK7, CK8/18, CK10/11, CK14, CK17 and CK19 were expressed in the basaloid nests, and CK6 and involucrin were detected in the inner layers of keratinous cysts. Trichoepithelioma (seven cases) expressed CK1/5/10/14, CK8/18, CK14, CK17 and CK19 in the basaloid nests, and CK6, CK10, CK10/11 and involucrin were positive in the keratinous cysts. However, no CK7 expression was observed. Solid and keratotic types of BCC (29 cases) expressed CK1/5/10/14, CK7, CK8/18, CK14, CK17 and CK19 in the basaloid nests. The keratinous cysts in BCC were stained with anti-CK6, CK10, CK10/11 and involucrin antibodies. Coupled with the expression of CK8/18, CK17 and CK19 in the outer root sheath of the adult hair follicle, these three neoplasms shared a keratin phenotype characteristic of the outer root sheath. Judging from our immunohistochemical results, trichoblastic fibroma and BCC cannot be differentiated by their patterns of CK expression. The expression of CK7, which is noted in fetal hair follicles, trichoblastic fibroma and BCC, suggests the presence of subpopulations that retain fetal phenotypic characteristics in these two neoplasms. Although the current concept regards trichoepithelioma and trichoblastic fibroma as a single tumour group, the lack of CK7 expression in trichoepithelioma supports the notion that the two are different.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/792. Nasal-type T/natural killer cell angiocentric lymphoma, Epstein-Barr virus-associated, and showing clonal T-cell receptor gamma gene rearrangement.Nasal-type T/natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma, which often shows an angiocentric growth pattern, is a distinct clinicopathological entity highly associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). This tumour has a characteristic immunophenotype, whereas the cytological spectrum is broad. It is known that a clonal T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement is not found in this tumour. However, it is still unresolved as to whether the finding of a clonal TCR gene rearrangement excludes the diagnosis of nasal-type T/NK cell lymphoma. We describe a case of nasal-type T/NK cell angiocentric lymphoma, EBV-associated, and showing clonal TCR gamma gene rearrangement. The patient died of sepsis 5 months after diagnosis in spite of aggressive chemotherapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.22222222222222keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/792. Polypoid basal cell carcinoma: a new clinicopathological variant.Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common malignant neoplasm of the skin, has many different clinical and histological appearances. Four patients with a new distinctive form, polypoid BCC, are described. Polypoid BCC is clinically distinguished from other types of BCC by being pedunculated and having a stalk that connects it to the skin surface. Histologically, it is distinctive in that the tumour aggregations are restricted to the exophytic polypoid zone.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/792. bowen's disease showing spontaneous complete regression associated with apoptosis.Spontaneous regression is sometimes seen in malignant skin tumours. We report a 68-year-old woman whose bowen's disease showed spontaneous complete regression. Prominent infiltration of T cells and increased vascularity were found in the upper dermis of the regressed lesion. Strong expression of Fas (APO-1/CD95) antigen, an apoptosis-related tumour necrosis factor receptor family protein, in the primary lesion and faint expression following regression suggest the involvement of Fas-mediated apoptosis in the spontaneous complete regression of our patient's bowen's disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.22222222222222keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/792. Systemic sarcoidosis and cutaneous lymphoma: is the association fortuitous?The association of systemic sarcoidosis and malignant lymphoma is known as the 'sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome'. Cutaneous involvement is rare in this syndrome. We report a 52-year-old woman who was diagnosed as having tumour-stage mycosis fungoides. Complete remission was achieved by combination therapy consisting of isotretinoin, interferon (IFN) alpha, electron beam irradiation, photochemotherapy and topical corticosteroids. Three years later, the patient developed systemic sarcoidosis characterized by yellowish papules on the abdominal wall and the eyelids that histologically revealed non-caseating granulomas, multiple fine-nodular interstitial pulmonary infiltrates on chest X-ray, hilar lymphadenopathy, decreased vital capacity and increased lymphocyte count in bronchoalveloar lavage fluid. As opposed to most of the reported cases, in our patient the manifestation of cutaneous lymphoma preceded the diagnosis of systemic sarcoidosis. We review the cases reported in the literature and discuss a possible causal and temporal relationship as well as the role of IFN alpha in the development of sarcoidosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/792. Myoepitheliomas of the skin and soft tissues. Report of 12 cases.We describe 12 cutaneous and soft tissue myoepitheliomas, most of them in elderly patients. Morphologically the cutaneous and soft tissue myoepitheliomas revealed the same spectrum as their salivary gland counterparts. They were composed of a mixture of spindle, epithelioid and clear myoepithelial cells. Immunohistochemically they were positive to keratins and S-100 protein and reacted inconsistently with antibodies to smooth muscle actin. Morphologically they lacked any folliculo-sebaceous or apocrine differentiation. We believe that they are related to the eccrine type of cutaneous mixed tumours. Most cases had a benign behaviour, but 1 tumour metastasized, and the patient died of the tumour. Myoepitheliomas of soft tissues should be distinguished from other neoplasms with epithelial differentiation and from ossifying fibromyxoid tumour of soft parts, parachordoma and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.44444444444444keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/792. Pigmented squamous cell carcinoma of the scrotum associated with a lentigo.Only 13 cases of pigmented squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have been reported in the English language literature, with most frequent development in the oral cavity and conjunctiva. However, no case of pigmented SCC of the scrotum has been reported. We report here a case of pigmented SCC that arose primarily in the scrotum of a 70-year-old man. light microscopically, this tumour exhibited the typical features of a pigmented SCC, including not only keratinization and intercellular bridges but also colonization by plump dendritic melanocytes with marked pigmentation. These features were clearly confirmed by immunohistochemistry, including strong positivity of tumour cells for high-molecular-weight cytokeratin and of colonizing melanocytes for HMB-45. The tumour was associated with a lentiginous lesion and partly involved it. melanocytes entrapped from the lentigo might therefore have been activated during enlargement of this tumour, resulting in melanocyte colonization. Fourteen cases of pigmented SCC, including ours, are clinicopathologically reviewed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.44444444444444keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/792. Sentinel-node guided lymph-node dissection for merkel cell carcinoma.Merkel cell carcinoma is an aggressive neuroendocrine skin tumour. Treatment is still debatable. Merkel cell carcinoma resembles malignant melanoma in its cutaneous presentation and its embryonic origin; both have unpredictable biological behaviour, early regional lymph node involvement, early distant metastases and a high recurrence rate. In light of these common features, we used pre-operative lymphoscintigraphy, intraoperative lymph-node mapping and sentinel-node biopsy-a well-described technique for the treatment of melanoma-in a 60-year-old man with Merkel cell carcinoma in the right buttock. Following frozen section identification of a metastatic first-order sentinel node, radical right groin dissection was performed. All the other lymph nodes in this basin proved to be disease-free, including the second-order sentinel node and Cloquet node. The patient is now being treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This case shows that sentinel-node guided dissection is applicable to Merkel cell carcinoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/792. Detection of human papilloma virus type 56 in extragenital bowen's disease.A case of bowen's disease arising on the medial part of the first metatarsal bone of an 81-year-old Japanese woman is described. Histopathologically, proliferation of atypical cells was found throughout the epidermis. Electronmicroscopy revealed virus particles 40-50 nm in diameter in the nuclei of tumour cells at the granular cells just on or below the horny layer. Positive bands were obtained by polymerase chain reaction using a consensus primer of human papilloma virus L1 portion. Sequencing analysis of the amplified DNA revealed the same base sequences and homology as human papilloma virus 56. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first report in which human papilloma virus 56 was found in a case of extragenital bowen's disease. We consider it important to understand that human papilloma virus 56, often found in cervical lesions, can be detected in extragenital Bowen's diseases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.11111111111111keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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