1/212. MR imaging of complex tail-gut cysts.Retrorectal-cyst hamartomas (RCH) are rare developmental tail-gut cystic tumours of the retrorectal space, which occasionally undergo malignant transformation. We describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in two patients with RCH and in a third patient with unclassified sarcoma arising from a RCH. The RCH were hypointense or hyperintense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images; they did not enhance and they contained multiple septations. A solid component in the periphery of one cyst was markedly hypointense on T2-weighted images in keeping with fibrous material. The sarcoma arising from the wall of the RCH enhanced and was of intermediate signal intensity on all sequences. MR may help establish the diagnosis of RCH if an unenhanced cystic tumour is discovered in the retrorectal space and it can help detect those rare cases of malignant transformation of these developmental tumours.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/212. Histochemical investigation into the molecular mechanisms of malignant transformation in a benign glomus tumour.A glomangiosarcoma arose in a benign glomus tumour. The histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumour were investigated. Apoptotic cells were identified by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labelling (TUNEL). The proportion of apoptotic cells was found to be low and TUNEL positive nuclei were present in the benign part of the tumour. Bcl-2 protein, an inhibitor of apoptosis, was strongly expressed in the glomangiosarcoma with only weak staining in the benign area. The proliferation index of the glomangiosarcoma was almost 10-fold higher than that of the benign glomus tumour. Numerous nuclei in the glomangiosarcoma were intensely stained for the tumour suppressor protein p53. The results of the this study may contribute to an understanding of the molecular basis of malignant transformation in benign glomus tumours.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.3333333333333keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/212. Proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma in the pelvic soft tissues.A case of proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma arising in the pelvic soft tissues of a 46-year-old man is presented. The tumor showed a predominantly epithelioid component with rhabdoid features, cord-like arrangement, small nests, abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm containing intracytoplasmic, paranuclear, hyaline-like globules, large vesicular nuclei, and prominent nucleoli. There were foci with alveolar arrangement and a spindle-cell proliferation. The tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin CAM5.2, vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, and CD34. flow cytometry showed a diploid dna content with high S-phase fraction. The patient had pelvic lymph-node metastases. He died of the disease 5 months after diagnosis. It is important to include proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma in the differential diagnosis of pelvic tumors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.31744092294051keywords = rhabdoid (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/212. pulmonary artery sarcoma diagnosed using intravascular ultrasound images.Primary and secondary malignant intravascular tumours of the pulmonary artery occur infrequently and the diagnosis is usually delayed as symptoms and findings from conventional examinations are non-specific. The case is presented of a patient with a pulmonary artery sarcoma, probably arising from ribs resected some years previously, in which intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) provided important diagnostic findings.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/212. Surgical aspects of iliopsoas compartment tumours.AIM: To demonstrate the pathological variety and highlight the surgical principles involved in the management of tumours of the iliopsoas compartment (IPC). methods: review of four clinical cases. RESULTS: Adequate surgical resection or palliation was achieved in each case. CONCLUSION: Resection of IPC tumours is feasible but access to the most superior part of the muscle may be impossible. An extraperitoneal approach is advocated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/212. Intimal-type primary sarcoma of the aorta. Report of a case with evidence of rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation.We report an intimal sarcoma presenting as an aortic aneurysm. A 68-year-old man suffered from chest pain and speech disturbance. Computed tomography showed a sacciform aneurysm of the aorta, which was resected, revealing a polypoid tumour measuring 1.5x2x2.5 cm projecting into the lumen. This proved to be a poorly differentiated high-grade sarcoma having morphological, immunophenotypic and ultrastructural features consistent with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation. Primary sarcomas of the aorta are extremely rare. Many cases have been diagnosed as "intimal" on the basis of their site of origin, and they are not easy to classify from their histological pattern. Electron microscopy and the use of a more comprehensive panel of immunohistochemical markers should be applied in the histological classification of"intimal" sarcoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/212. Spontaneous pneumothorax and pulmonary malignant disease--a syndrome sometimes associated with cavitating tumours. Report of nine new cases, four with metastases and five with primary bronchial tumours.Tumours of the lung, primary or secondary, may occasionally be complicated by a pneumothorax, and on rare occasions this may be the presenting feature. Metastatic tumours associated with pneumothorax arise usually from bone or soft tissue sarcomas and hence are more common in the young.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/212. Gynaecological presentation of retroperitoneal tumours.OBJECTIVE: To illustrate the problems associated with mistaken pre-operative diagnosis following gynaecological presentation of patients with retroperitoneal tumours. DESIGN: A case series of five referrals. RESULTS: Non-gynaecological tumours were not suspected in each case and hence there was a failure to undertake further pre-operative investigation and referral to a specialised soft tissue sarcoma service. This resulted in four of the patients having an unnecessary laparotomy with an inappropriate transperitoneal biopsy undertaken when the retroperitoneal tumour was discovered. The mistaken diagnosis of ovarian malignancy lead to increased morbidity, compromise of potential for a long disease free interval and/or possibly lessened the chance of cure in each case. CONCLUSIONS: Misinterpretation of clinical signs and an over-reliance on ultrasound diagnosis were the commonest causes of inappropriate management of these patients. Gynaecologists should consider more frequently the other, less common differential diagnoses of a pelvic mass. This is especially true in circumstances with a predominantly solid tumour, where there are clinical signs of vascular or rectal displacement, or where there is ultrasound evidence of ureteric obstruction. The more frequent utilisation of a computerised tomography scan with intravenous and oral contrast with referral before inappropriate transperitoneal biopsy are recommended as complete en bloc surgical excision at the first laparotomy is the treatment of choice in virtually all primary retroperitoneal tumours.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/212. sarcoma metastases due to iatrogenic implantation.AIM: To demonstrate the ability of extremity soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) to implant into tissues exposed during surgery. methods: We use two cases to illustrate that wounds created during surgery for STSs, including donor sites for skin grafts, pedicled and free flaps and blood vessels used in reconstruction, should be regarded as potential sites of quasi-local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: This report reinforces the need for meticulous surgical technique and planning of procedures to avoid contamination of clean areas that might not be included in adjuvant radiotherapy fields. The cases also highlight the pivotal importance of the correct initial management of these uncommon tumours.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.33333333333333keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/212. Stromal sarcoma of the prostate.Sarcomas of the prostate are very rare. This article describes the radiological and histopathological findings of a case of prostatic stromal sarcoma, with the appearance of a phyllodes tumour with adenoid basal cell hyperplasia. Management and follow-up of this tumour are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = tumour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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