1/36. Fatal adult case of severe lymphocytopenia associated with reactivation of human herpesvirus 6.It has been suggested that immunosuppression associated with human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection is a result of functional impairment or direct destruction of immunological cells. The ability of the virus to infect and destroy lymphocytes may cause progressive immunodeficiency in an infant with primary HHV-6 infection. An adult patient is described who had a fatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection due to severe and prolonged lymphocyte depletion associated with HHV-6 reactivation. The HHV-6 antibody titers were increased significantly after reactivation, and the virus was isolated from his peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The quantity of both HHV-6 and CMV dna was determined by using real-time PCR in plasma samples collected serially. HHV-6 DNAemia persisted for 1 month, which started just 1 week after the onset of lymphocytopenia. In contrast to HHV-6, CMV DNAemia was detected in the terminal phase of the illness. Thus, HHV-6 reactivation may have been the cause of the severe lymphocyte depletion and fatal CMV infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/36. Human herpesvirus 6-associated hemophagocytic syndrome in a healthy adult.Virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome is a fulminant disorder associated with systemic viral infection and characterized pathologically by multiple-organ infiltration of hemophagocytic histiocytes into the lymphoreticular tissues. This is the first report of a previously healthy adult in whom Human herpesvirus 6 reactivation induced this syndrome with severe hemodynamic and respiratory distress.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/36. Case report: primary human herpesvirus-6 associated with an afebrile seizure in a 3-week-old infant.We describe a 3-week-old male infant with an afebrile seizure in whom serologic and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) findings support concomitant primary human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection. Although HHV-6 infection has been associated with first-time febrile seizures and encephalitis in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts, it has not been associated previously with afebrile seizures in healthy infants. This report provides additional evidence of the neuropathogenic potential of HHV-6.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/36. Influenza encephalopathy associated with infection with human herpesvirus 6 and/or human herpesvirus 7.Influenza-associated encephalopathy is often reported in young Japanese children, but its pathogenesis is unknown. Although influenza virus can be demonstrated by throat culture for patients with encephalopathy, cultures of samples of cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) do not yield the virus. Eight patients with encephalopathy or complicated febrile convulsions had influenza virus infection diagnosed by means of culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or rapid diagnosis using throat swabs. In all 8 cases, the results of PCR testing of CSF specimens for influenza virus were negative. On the other hand, human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) dna was demonstrated in CSF specimens obtained from 2 of 8 patients. In 3 of 8 patients, the presence of human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) dna was demonstrated in CSF specimens. Some cases of influenza-associated encephalopathy reported in japan may be attributable to a dual infection with influenza virus and HHV-6, -7, or both. Another possibility is that latent HHV-6 or HHV-7 in the brain is reactivated by influenza, causing encephalopathy or febrile convulsions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/36. Case report: human herpesvirus 7 associated fatal encephalitis in a peripheral blood stem cell transplant recipient.Previous studies have suggested a neuroinvasive and neuropersistent potential of human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7). In this report, a case of fatal encephalitis is described and its association with HHV-7 infection is discussed. An 8-year-old girl received a peripheral blood stem cell transplant for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The post-transplant period was uneventful and a course of intrathecal chemotherapy was given on Day-30. On Day-41, she developed acute encephalopathy with diplopia and nystagmus. She ran a rapid downhill course and succumbed despite antiviral treatment. The only positive pathological finding was the multiple microscopic foci of haemorrhage associated with neuronal degeneration detected in the brain stem. All microbiological investigations were negative, except for the presence of HHV-7 dna in cerebrospinal fluid and brain stem tissue samples.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/36. Severe amnesia associated with human herpesvirus 6 encephalitis after bone marrow transplantation.BACKGROUND: Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) appears to have a predilection for immunocompromised patients and has been implicated as a cause of posttransplant encephalitis. However, the pathogenesis, as well as the appropriate means of diagnosis and treatment of HHV-6 encephalitis is unclear. METHOD: We describe a case of a 20-year-old male university student with anemia who presented with an acute, severe amnesia 1 month after bone marrow transplantation. His illness was subsequently attributed to HHV-6 encephalitis. RESULTS: cerebrospinal fluid analysis was consistent with encephalitis and polymerase chain reaction confirmed the presence of HHV-6 dna in both cerebrospinal fluid and serum. No other herpes virus particles were detected. MRI showed bilateral hippocampal involvement. Treatment with acyclovir resulted in a decrease in serum HHV-6 dna to undetectable levels, coincident with improvement of both memory and lesions on MRI. CONCLUSIONS: This case provides strong clinical and radiological evidence of the reversibility of this disease process and supports the recommendations for empiric treatment of post transplant patients with laboratory evidence of HHV-6 infection, culture or polymerase chain reaction, plus clinical symptoms compatible with HHV-6 infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/36. Human herpesvirus 6 infection mimicking juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia in an infant.in vitro cell culture studies of bone marrow and peripheral blood progenitor cells from patients with juvenile myclomonocytic leukemia (JMML) consistently show spontaneous proliferation and selective hypersensitivity to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). This GM-CSF hypersensitivity dose-response assay has become a component of the international diagnostic criteria for JMML. The authors report a 2-week-old boy with perinatal human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection in whom in vitro bone marrow culture studies suggested the diagnosis of JMML by showing increased spontaneous proliferation, inhibition of this growth by anti-GM-CSF antibodies, and hypersensitivity to GM-CSF. polymerase chain reaction viral studies from whole blood dna and the shell vial viral culture assay were both positive for HHV-6. The patient's condition improved with expectant treatment, with an eventual return to normal blood counts and resolution of hepatosplenomegaly. This case of perinatal HHV-6 infection shows that viruses can initially mimic the in vitro culture results found in patients with JMML. It also illustrates that patients suspected of having JMML should be observed if there are no signs of progressive disease and concurrent features suggestive of viral infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.75keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/36. A computational analysis of Canale-Smith syndrome: chronic lymphadenopathy simulating malignant lymphoma.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to simulate changes in the human T cell system representing Canale-Smith syndrome using a dynamic computer model of T cell development and comparing with available human data. STUDY DESIGN: Physiological stepwise maturation and function of T lymphocytes in the computer model is altered by introducing functional disturbances following lymphotropic virus infection. In the present model, acute and chronic persistent infection with the human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) was simulated, and ensuing changes in T cell populations were compared with those measured in human patients. RESULTS: Using our computer model we previously found that simulated acute HHV-6 infection produced T cell computer data, which resembled an infectious mononucleosis-like disease in patients. Simulated chronic persistent infection, instead, resulted in variable cell changes comparing well to patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. In one setting, however, persistent immature lymphocytosis was observed similar to what initial has been described in this journal as Canale-Smith syndrome. CONCLUSION: Using a computer model developed by us we were able to produce simulations that resemble the immune system features of Canale-Smith syndrome. Further understanding of these simulation results may possibly guide future investigations into this disorder.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/36. guillain-barre syndrome after exanthem subitum.A female infant developed guillain-barre syndrome 20 days after having exanthem subitum confirmed serologically as human herpesvirus 6 infection. dna of human herpesvirus 6 was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected on admission.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.25keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/36. Severe encephalopathy associated with reactivated human herpesvirus 6 in a six year-old immunocompetent child.When a six year-old immunocompetent child affected by encephalitis was subjected to virological studies, human herpesvirus 6 variant B2 resulted to be the cause of illness. Laboratory diagnosis based on the finding of human herpesvirus 6 genome in the cerebrospinal fluid of the patient both at the beginning of the disease and on the occasion of a relapse which occurred forty days after the patient's hospital discharge. The presence of high-avidity IgG to human herpesvirus 6 detected in the patient's serum at the time of the first hospital admission proved that he had suffered from a past infection by human herpesvirus 6. In the consequence of this, the human herpesvirus 6 dna finding in the patient's cerebrospinal fluid was to ascribed to virus reactivation. In the light of virological and serological results, the clinical case described underlines the ability of human herpesvirus 6 to cause neurological disorders not only during primary infections but also during infections supported by rescued virus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.75keywords = infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |