1/6. Exaggerated signet-ring cell change in stromal nodule of prostate: a pseudoneoplastic proliferation.A stromal nodule of the prostate was incidentally identified in a simple prostatectomy specimen from a 66-year-old man with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Microscopically, the nodule consisted of short spindly cells with bland nuclear features. Many of the cells in the nodule, however, contained a large, clear cytoplasmic vacuole that displaced and indented the nucleus, generating signet-ring cell morphology. Immunohistochemically, these cells were strongly positive for vimentin and weakly positive for desmin, suggesting a myofibroblastic nature. Further immunostains demonstrated the cells to be negative for cytokeratins and prostate-specific antigen, excluding the possibility of signet-ring cell carcinoma. The cytoplasmic vacuoles also stained negative for mucin production. Electron microscopy revealed no intracytoplasmic lumina. Notably, thermal effect or other signs of cellular injury, frequently associated with signet-ring cell change seen in prostate specimens obtained by transurethral resection and needle biopsy, were not appreciated in this stromal nodule. This case demonstrates that signet-ring cell change may occur in benign, hyperplastic, prostatic stromal cells in the absence of cellular damage.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/6. A seminal vesicle cyst complicated with a tumor like nodular mass of benign proliferating prostatic tissue: a case report with ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies.We report a seminal vesicle cyst complicated with a tumor-like nodular mass of benign proliferating prostatic tissue. The patient was a 53-year-old Japanese man. A cyst of approximately 4.5 cm in diameter was discovered at the left seminal vesicle area. In the inner part of the cyst, a papillary nodular mass of 0.7 cm in diameter was seen. Under the clinical diagnosis of a seminal vesicle cyst with a tumorous mural nodule, the patient underwent resection of the seminal vesicle cyst to rule out the possibility that the nodular mass in the cyst was a neoplasm of an especially malignant nature. Microscopic examination of the excised specimen revealed a small dome-like nodular mass on the luminal surface of the cyst consisting of nodular proliferation of benign tubular gland tissue with various configurations. Conventional histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis showed the proliferating cells in the nodular mass consisted of the benign prostate type. It is extremely important to differentiate between a benign proliferation and a malignant one, when the nodular mass is found in the seminal vesicle cyst.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/6. Basal cell hyperplasia and basal cell carcinoma of the prostate: a comprehensive review and discussion of a case with c-erbB-2 expression.Prostatic basal cell proliferations range from ordinary basal cell hyperplasia (BCH) to florid basal cell hyperplasia to basal cell carcinoma. The distinction between these forms of BCH, including the variant with prominent nucleoli (formerly called atypical BCH), and basal cell carcinoma depends on morphological and immunohistochemical criteria and, in particular, on the degree of cell proliferation. In florid BCH, the proliferation index is intermediate between ordinary BCH and basal cell carcinoma. immunohistochemistry is also useful for identifying the cell composition of the basal cell proliferations, including the basal cell nature of the cells, their myoepithelial differentiation, and c-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression. Based on the information derived from the literature and on the appearance and follow up of the case presented here, florid BCH might represent a lesion with an intermediate position between ordinary BCH and basal cell carcinoma. However, criteria useful for the identification of those cases with a true precursor nature are not available. In general, basal cell carcinoma is seen as a low grade carcinoma. The immunohistochemical expression of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein, similar to that seen in breast cancer, might have therapeutic importance.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/6. A case showing sclerosing adenosis and an unusual form of basal cell hyperplasia of the prostate.We describe an unusual case of benign prostatic hyperplasia that demonstrated florid sclerosing adenosis--an uncommon lesion that may be confused with prostate carcinoma. immunohistochemistry utilizing Keratin 903, a basal cell-specific antikeratin antibody, was useful in identifying basal cells in sclerosing adenosis, thus verifying its benign nature. In addition, this case had an unusual form of basal cell hyperplasia that resembled basaloid carcinomas (adenoid cystic carcinoma) involving the prostate.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/6. phyllodes tumor of the prostate: a case report.A case of prostatic phyllodes tumor which developed in a 78-yr-old man is reported. Histologically, the tumor comprised myxomatous and cellular portions with a proliferation of atypical stromal cells. Multinucleated giant cells were occasionally present, but mitoses were rare. Fibroblastic differentiation of the tumor cells was confirmed by numerous rough endoplasmic reticulums and free ribosomes, and by immunoreactivity for vimentin. Approximately one-third of the tumor cells showed estrogen-receptor immunoreactivity at their nuclei. The patient is well, with no evidence of tumor recurrence, five years after the resection. The tumor was diagnosed as being a benign prostatic phyllodes tumor showing fibroblastic differentiation, and of an estrogen-dependent nature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/6. Severe hypernatremia complicating urinary tract obstruction.Severe hypernatremia and hyperosmolar dehydration developed in a patient with partial urinary tract obstruction. The urine was initially hypotonic, and there was no response to exogenous vasopressin. These abnormalities resolved with relief of the urinary tract obstruction and replacement of the water deficit. This case documents lower urinary tract obstruction as a cause of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and severe hypernatremia and illustrates its reversible nature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |