1/11. lingual nerve injury after use of a cuffed oropharyngeal airway.The cuffed oropharyngeal airway is a modified Guedel airway and is recommended for anaesthesia in spontaneously breathing patients. To our knowledge this is the first report of transient unilateral lingual nerve palsy after the use of a cuffed oropharyngeal airway to maintain anaesthesia during arthroscopy of an ankle. The aetiology of lingual nerve damage is multifactorial. The possible mechanisms involved include anterior displacement of the mandible during insertion of the cuffed oropharyngeal airway (as in the jaw thrust manoeuvre), compression of the nerve against the mandible, or stretching of the nerve over the hyoglossus by the cuff of the cuffed oropharyngeal airway. We recommend gentle airway manipulation with the use of the cuffed oropharyngeal airway, avoidance of excessive cuff inflation and early recognition of such a complication if it occurs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/11. Ewing's sarcoma of the mandible in a young patient: case report.Ewing's sarcoma, a malignant tumor, rarely occurs in children younger than 5 years of age. Although it may appear in any bone, it is more common in the axial skeleton, rarely involving the jaws (1 to 2% incidence, mostly in the mandible). The most common symptoms are pain and swelling in the affected area. history of trauma often is reported. The case of a 4-year, 10-month-old Caucasian male with a rapidly expanding mass on the right side of his face following an injury to his mandible is reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/11. Single osteotomized iliac crest free flap in anterior mandible reconstruction.While the iliac crest flap provides a natural contour for the lateral segment of the mandible, for the anterior segment en bloc, the use of the iliac graft, even harvested in a V shape, fails to yield a three-dimensional natural-shaped reconstruction. In this report, we present our experience with reconstruction of the anterior segment of the mandible using a single osteotomized free iliac crest flap in 5 patients. The study comprised 4 male patients and 1 female patient, their ages ranging between 34-82 years. In all patients, composite iliac osteomusculocutaneous flaps were harvested based on the deep circumflex iliac artery in the standard manner, and the bony segment of the flap was divided into two segments, performing a single osteotomy. The fixation of bone segments was performed in new positions, sliding the segments in different planes to provide the original shape of the resected mandible segment, and in a manner appropriate to the defect. The overall flap success rate was 100%. In no cases were wound infections or hematomas observed. x-rays showed bone healing without resorption. In conclusion, the use of a single osteotomy for an iliac crest flap in the reconstruction of the anterior segment of the mandible is a simple and safe procedure, and provides a natural and acceptable jaw appearance. The risk of devascularization is quite low when compared with the multiple osteotomy procedure, and it does not need to be fixed with complex devices such as reconstruction plates or external fixators.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/11. orthognathic surgery for occlusal reconstruction of old malunited jaw fracture.Old malunited jaw fractures of nine patients who underwent orthognathic surgery for occlusal reconstruction were clinically evaluated. Early surgery on fractures of the jaw is the optimal treatment when due attention must be paid to occlusion. Since occlusal revision surgery subsequent to inaccurate diagnosis and inappropriate surgery is certainly very difficult and often unsuccessful, surgeons need to pay special attention to this situation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/11. methods of simultaneous treatment of the mandible defects and the adjacent soft tissues.Original methods of removing combined defects of the mandibular body and the adjacent soft tissues are described: osteoplasty by local tissues and nonfree osteoplasty. A compression-distraction apparatus of the authors' own construction is used. During the re-arrangement of the bone fragments and the osteotomized portions of the mandible, simultaneous repair of the defect of the bony tissue and the soft tissues takes place without using free bone transplants and soft-tissue flaps. Duration of treatment varies between 2 1/2 and 5 months depending on the size of the defect. A total of 12 persons with traumatic defects of the lower jaw from 2 to 8 cm in length and of the adjacent soft tissues were treated by these methods. Good functional and cosmetic results were obtained.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/11. Primary reconstruction of a major loss of lower jaw by an animal bite using a "rib sandwich" pectoralis major island flap.A 20 weeks pregnant woman was bitten by a wild bear which took away the central portion of her jaw. A single stage primary reconstruction was performed using a composite pedicled pectoralis major "rib sandwich" island flap. This provided continence of the mouth, allowing her to feed herself within 3 weeks of the operation and to speak reasonably by 6 weeks.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.5463706288731keywords = jaw, bite (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/11. osteomyelitis of the mandible associated with osteopetrosis: report of a case.A 45-year-old Nigerian housewife with chronic osteomyelitis associated with osteopetrosis is described and discussed. Haematological and radiographical investigations on routine admission led to the secondary diagnosis of osteopetrosis. To our knowledge, this is the first case of osteomyelitis of jaws associated with osteopetrosis reported in an African.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/11. Jaw dislocation during general anaesthesia.A case is reported of jaw dislocation on placement of an oral airway and nasogastric tube during an otherwise unremarkable exploratory laparotomy under general anaesthesia. The pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of jaw dislocation are described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/11. Long-standing bilateral dislocation of the mandible in the elderly.The aetiology of long-term bilateral dislocation of the mandibular condyle in the elderly patient is discussed. Two of the author's cases are used to illustrate the different ways in which the above condition may arise. The treatment of the above cases is discussed, one form of treatment being a modification by the author of a technique described by Archer & Gould, in which Gunning's splints fitted with a fulcrum were wired into the edentulous jaws. The dislocated mandible was then subjected to elastic traction. A second case of 5 year's duration had bilateral condylectomies performed, using a different surgical approach on each side in order to try and find a technique which would afford better access to the condyle when it is in the temporal fossa than the more usual pre-auricular approach.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/11. Gunshot wound to the mandible with secondary neck injuries.Four consecutive patients were initially seen with witnessed, low-velocity gunshot wounds to the mandible with deflection of the bullet into the neck, causing a life-threatening situation. The mechanics of injury were similar in all four patients who were shot at close range with a moderately heavy caliber handgun and sustained comminuted fractures from the parasymphyseal area to the ascending ramus of the jaw. Severe vascular injuries were seen in three cases and lacerations of the pharynx and cervical esophagus in one. Aggressive management of these injuries is recommended, with neck exploration after endoscopy playing a major role. Management of the mandibular fracture at the time of the initial surgery is favored. However, if roentgenograms are unavailable, reduction and fixation may need to be deferred.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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