1/204. Aortic dissection in young patients with chronic hypertension.We describe four patients aged 14 to 21 years who developed acute aortic dissection. In three of the four patients, the course was fatal, despite aggressive medical and surgical intervention. All four patients had sustained systemic hypertension related to chronic renal insufficiency. The patients had no other identifiable risk factors for aortic dissection, including congenital cardiovascular disease, advanced atherosclerosis, vasculitis, trauma, pregnancy, or family history of aortic dissection. Although aortic dissection is rare in individuals younger than 40 years of age, young patients with sustained systemic hypertension are at increased risk for this serious and often fatal condition. physicians must be aware of this rare complication of hypertension and consider aortic dissection in the differential diagnosis of unusual chest, abdominal, and back pain in hypertensive children, adolescents, and young adults.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pregnancy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/204. myocardial infarction and death after caesarean section in a woman with protein s deficiency and undiagnosed phaeochromocytoma.We describe the case of a 36-year-old woman, with a previous history of recurrent abortion due to protein s deficiency, undergoing an elective Caesarean section at 39-weeks gestation. During pregnancy no signs of hypertension or cardiovascular disease were reported, but at the end of the surgical procedure, the patient developed acute hypertension, leading to myocardial infarction, severe heart failure and death. The autopsy revealed a 2-cm undiagnosed phaeochromocytoma in the right adrenal gland. Clinical diagnostic features of phaeochromocytoma during pregnancy as well as the main therapeutic approaches suggested in the literature are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.1977415903891keywords = pregnancy, gestation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/204. The management of hypertension in a diabetic pregnancy.pregnancy in a woman with Type 1 diabetes poses several clinical challenges. In addition to meticulous glycaemic control, careful attention must be paid to the management of developing and pre-existing diabetic complications which may progress in severity during pregnancy. pregnancy-induced hypertension is more common in women with diabetes and especially in those with diabetes of long duration. Diabetic renal disease is associated with hypertension which often deteriorates during pregnancy. The management of hypertension is difficult because of limited therapeutic options and the need to consider the implications for the developing fetus as well as the mother. This case report details the clinical management of a young woman with Type 1 diabetes whose pregnancy was complicated by the development of hypertension.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 7keywords = pregnancy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/204. abducens nerve palsy complicating pregnancy: a case report.We report a case presented at 38 weeks gestation with abducens nerve palsy. No specific pathology was found. After reviewing all the previously reported cases, hypertension is found to be a common factor in all cases presenting in late pregnancy. The clinical course is benign and all resolved after delivery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5.1977415903891keywords = pregnancy, gestation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/204. The location of chronic pregnancy hypertension on the vasoconstriction-volume spectrum: working hypothesis.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine whether volume loading is a factor in chronic pregnancy hypertension. STUDY DESIGN: Five patients with chronic hypertension performed home self-monitoring daily with a noninvasive pressure transducer from a fingertip. Determinants of mean arterial pressure were computed from the pressure data and a concurrent electrocardiogram. For this study blood pressure and rapid ejection time, which is an empiric indicator of arterial compliance, were evaluated during antihypertensive therapy. Data were transmitted by facsimile to the hospital. RESULTS: One patient with hypertension who was admitted to the study at 10 weeks' gestation became normotensive with a diuretic (furosemide) alone. Medication was discontinued at 23 weeks' gestation. This patient remained normotensive until delivery at 41 weeks' gestation. blood pressure was controlled with furosemide combined with nifedipine and labetolol in the other 4 cases. Three patients were studied with concurrent blood pressure and rapid ejection time measurements made before and after antihypertensive medication. All 3 showed decreases in these measurements with medication. CONCLUSION: Both volume excess and vasoconstriction should be considered in the pathogenesis of chronic pregnancy hypertension.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.5932247711672keywords = pregnancy, gestation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/204. pregnancy and renal tubular acidosis.Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is uncommonly encountered in pregnancy. The risk for these women to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension has not been previously described. The renal defect noted in these women, aggravated by the normal hypervolemia of pregnancy, may predispose to hypertension. Three pregnancies in two women with RTA type 1 developed persistent diastolic hypertension in the third trimester. Mild renal insufficiency was noted in each woman as defined by serum creatinine of 0.9-1.1 and 1.4-1.6 mg/dL, respectively. Vaginal delivery was achieved in each without complications. Blood pressures returned to normal following each pregnancy. pregnancy-induced hypertension developed in each of three pregnancies in two patients with RTA type 1. The risk for these women to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension may be associated with the higher reported risk in women with underlying renal disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = pregnancy (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/204. pheochromocytoma and sub-clinical Cushing's syndrome during pregnancy: diagnosis, medical pre-treatment and cure by laparoscopic unilateral adrenalectomy.The coexistence of pheochromocytoma and primary adrenal Cushing's syndrome of the same adrenal gland has rarely been reported. We describe here the case of a female patient presenting with mild Cushing's stigmata, hypertension and diabetes mellitus in whom we diagnosed a pheochromocytoma of the left adrenal gland with coexisting non-ACTH-dependent cortisol hypersecretion. While hormonal work-up was still in progress, the patient became pregnant and wanted to carry her pregnancy to full-term. A laparoscopic adrenalectomy in the 17th week of gestation was decided upon and the patient accordingly prepared for surgery by pre-treatment with phenoxybenzamine. Successful surgery--the first ever reported laparoscopic resection of a pheochromocytoma in pregnancy--without perioperative complications was performed under general anesthesia, with the patient receiving peri- and post-operative hydrocortisone substitution. Pathohistological examination revealed a pheochromocytoma with positive immunostaining for interleukin-6 (IL-6) and negative immunostaining for ACTH, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and cytochrome P450, and with no signs of malignancy. A paracrine stimulation of the ipsilateral adrenal cortex by IL-6 produced by the pheochromocytoma, leading to cortical hyperplasia and subclinical Cushing's syndrome, is suggested by the positive immunostaining for IL-6 and the MRI findings. Post-operatively, secondary adrenal insufficiency ensued, necessitating continuing hydrocortisone replacement over 12 months. hypertension resolved after surgery, and diabetes after the uncomplicated vaginal delivery at term.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6.1977415903891keywords = pregnancy, gestation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/204. uterine rupture in a multiparous woman during labor induction with oral misoprostol.A multigravida with gestational diabetes, mild pregnancy-induced hypertension and a previous curettage received four doses of misoprostol (100 microg) at three hourly intervals for induction of labor at term. Vaginal delivery of a live healthy baby occurred 1 h after the fourth dose. Hindwaters were bloodstained. Three hours later, she had excessive bleeding. Examination showed that the left lateral uterine wall had ruptured. She recovered after hysterectomy and blood transfusions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.1977415903891keywords = pregnancy, gestation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/204. Primary aldosteronism as a cause of severe postpartum hypertension in two women.Two women who first had the clinical features of primary aldosteronism in the postpartum period are described. Their gestations were virtually uneventful. After delivery, however, progressively severe hypertension (Joint National Committee VI, stage 3) with hypokalemia developed. pregnancy may conceal the clinical symptoms of primary aldosteronism that causes unexpected severe hypertension in the postpartum period.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.19774159038907keywords = gestation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/204. Hyperreninemia and congenital mesoblastic nephroma: case report and review of the literature.A 32-week estimated gestational age female infant had elevated systolic blood pressure at birth and a palpable left abdominal mass. Radiologic evaluation revealed a left upper pole renal mass. The renin level was significantly elevated. Left nephrectomy confirmed a diagnosis of congenital mesoblastic nephroma. The postoperative renin level normalized along with the blood pressure. Histologic analysis identified renin production from either the mesoblastic nephroma or secondarily from compression or ischemia. Mesoblastic nephroma should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis for hypertension in the young. The renin concentration and a renal ultrasound scan should be obtained as part of the evaluation.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.19774159038907keywords = gestation (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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