1/54. cherubism: clinicopathologic features.A case of cherubism in 6-year-old boy is reported. He presented with bilateral symmetrical enlargement of the jaw in addition to medially dislocated premature teeth, narrow V-shaped palatal vault, and mild upward turning of the eyes. Radiographs showed multiloculated osteolysis in both the mandible and maxilla. histology revealed a non-neoplastic fibrous lesion, rich in multinucleated giant cells, consistent with giant-cell reparative granuloma. Since the original description of cherubism, various histologic interpretations have been proposed, particularly that of fibrous dysplasia. However, it should be emphasized that cherubism is a disease histologically indistinguishable from giant-cell reparative granuloma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/54. Treatment of central giant cell granuloma of the jaw with calcitonin.Giant cell granuloma of the jaw is a benign lesion that may cause local destruction of bone and displacement of teeth. The common therapy is curettage or resection, which may be associated with loss of teeth and, in younger patients, loss of dental germs. An alternative treatment has recently been introduced, in which patients receive a daily dose of calcitonin. Four patients who have been treated with calcitonin in various concentrations for at least 1 year are reported. In all patients, complete remission of the giant cell granuloma was observed, without signs of recurrence. The working mechanism of calcitonin is discussed, as are length of treatment and optimal dose.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/54. Intralesional corticosteroid injection for treatment of central giant-cell granuloma.BACKGROUND: The central giant cell granuloma, or CGCG, is a benign intraosseous lesion of the jaw. It is found predominantly in children and young adults. It is an asymptomatic lesion, which often becomes evident on routine radiographic examination. Giant cell lesions have been described as both nonaggressive and aggressive in nature, with recurrence noted in cases of aggressive lesions. Central giant cell lesions present as unilocular or multilocular radiolucent defects on radiographs. Multinucleated giant cells within a collagenous stroma are the characteristic histopathologic feature of CGCG. CASE DESCRIPTION: The authors describe a 10-year-old girl with an expansile lesion of the mandible. The panoramic radiograph showed a well-circumscribed mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion of the left mandibular body. An incisional biopsy of the lesion was performed to establish a histologic diagnosis. The specimen was submitted for frozen-section examination, and a diagnosis of CGCG was made. serum calcium, parathyroid hormone and phosphorous levels were normal. The patient was treated successfully with intralesional corticosteroid injections. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Central giant cell lesions have been treated surgically with aggressive curettage. More aggressive and recurrent lesions require resection, which leads to major defects of the jaws. This form of surgical treatment can be particularly disfiguring for a child or young adult. An alternative nonsurgical approach is the intralesional administration of corticosteroids, which have been effective in the treatment of CGCG. If a dentist suspects a patient may have CGCG, he or she should refer the patient to an oral surgeon for follow-up.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/54. Juxtacortical osteogenic sarcoma of mandible. A case report.Juxtacortical osteogenic sarcoma of bone is a relatively uncommon form of osteogenic sarcoma. In the jaw bones, it is extremely rare. Here, we present a case of Juxtacortical Osteogenic sarcoma of mandible in a 45 year old man which presented as an epulis in the mandibular incisor region.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/54. myxoma of the jaws. Report of three cases.Odontogenic myxoma is a locally aggressive, uncommon benign tumour which arises from mesenchymal tissues normally present in developing teeth. The most frequent locations of odontogenic myxoma are the posterior regions of the mandible, as well as the condylar region. Since odontogenic myxomas are not associated with any specific clinical or radiological sign, a histopathological examination of the specimen is required for confirmation of the primary diagnosis. We report three cases of myxoma diagnosed during the last 18 years. Two of them were located in atypical regions of the mandible and one was located in the maxilla. Presence of a slow-growing swelling associated with expansion of the bone plates raised suspicion of a tumour in two cases, while in the third patient the myxoma was an incidental finding during radiological examination. Due to the unspecific nature of these lesions, in every case a histopathological examination of the surgical specimen was required for diagnostic confirmation. In one of the three reported cases, we shall underline the need to follow a correct diagnostic work-up of all radiolucent lesions of the jaws, in order to avoid contraindicated therapeutic procedures.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/54. Rapid growth of giant cell granuloma in pregnancy treated with calcitonin.The giant cell granuloma of the jaws is a benign osteolytic lesion that may be treated by curettage, intralesional corticosteroids, or calcitonin. These medical treatments may be particularly useful when lesions arise in the immature facial skeleton, recur, or enlarge very rapidly-the last two situations being recognized complications of pregnancy. In this study, a patient is presented with a central giant cell lesion of the maxilla that switched from a relatively indolent growth pattern to become a rapidly enlarging and destructive lesion in the maxilla almost immediately after the patient became pregnant. Although calcitonin treatment is normally avoided in pregnancy, it proved highly effective, caused no obstetric or fetal side effects, and was not contraindicated by renal failure due to lupus nephritis. Histologically, the lesion was converted to a fibro-osseous lesion-like appearance. On the basis of the results of this case, calcitonin appears to be a safe, effective, and conservative treatment for giant cell granulomas that enlarge rapidly during pregnancy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/54. cherubism and its charlatans.cherubism is a rare hereditary condition characterised by progressive cystic proliferation of the mandible and maxilla in childhood, followed by post-pubertal involution of the process and jaw remodelling in adulthood. Its name is derived from the cherubic appearance that results from the jaw hypertrophy. Here, we present the case of a young boy with cherubism, in the context of his pedigree, to illustrate the clinical characteristics and their variable expression. We also seek to distinguish cherubism from central giant cell granuloma and giant cell tumour of the jaws, with which it holds a false synonymity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/54. Central giant cell granuloma.The central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is an uncommon benign bony lesion that accounts for less than 7% of all benign lesions of the jaws in tooth-bearing areas. Its etiology is unknown and its biological behavior is poorly understood. This condition is a slow-growing, asymptomatic lesion that usually affects children and young adults, predominantly females. The following report illustrates the differential diagnosis, surgery, final diagnosis and pathology of a fast-growing CGCG in a 4-year-old girl.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/54. Giant-cell reparative granuloma of the tibia.Giant-cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) occurs in the jaw, temporal bone, and short tubular bones of the hands and feet. Although GCRG can affect long bones, only small numbers of such cases have been sporadically reported. This report describes a giant-cell reparative granuloma in the proximal tibia in a 60-year-old woman, describes features of GCRG in long bones and reviews the literature. A 60-year-old female patient was referred to us with complaints of moderately tender swelling of the right leg. Whole-body scintigraphic scanning was performed, which incidentally also disclosed a distal femoral lesion. The patient was admitted for surgery and incisional biopsies were performed on both lesions. pathology analysis of the specimen from the tibia showed new bone lamellae encircled by osteoblasts and multinucleated giant cells which were more numerous in the haemorrhagic regions of the stroma; the latter displayed fibroblasts, histiocytes and inflammatory cells. The specimen from the femoral lesion showed typical features of a benign enchondroma. The patient was readmitted for surgery. The femoral enchondroma was curetted and the cavity was packed with bone graft. The tibial GCRG was treated with marginal resection, autogenous and allogenous bone grafting and intramedullary nailing. Follow-up examination after two years showed no clinical or radiological evidence of a recurrence. Although GCRG is uncommon, it should be considered whenever a lucent, expansile, and possibly destructive lesion of a long bone is encountered. It should be distinguished from true giant cell tumours occurring in the same locations because they have different biologic behaviours.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/54. Oculo-ectodermal syndrome: a new tumour predisposition syndrome.We report a new case of oculo-ectodermal syndrome who developed giant cell granulomas of the jaw, similar to the patient previously described by Toriello et al. (1999). We review reported cases to better delineate the clinical spectrum of this rare condition. Giant cell granulomas developing in childhood seem to be part of the oculo-ectodermal syndrome. This condition appears to be a new tumour predisposition syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = jaw (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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