1/46. Facial palsy in Heerfordt's syndrome: electrophysiological localization of the lesion.Heerfordt's syndrome is characterized by fever, uveitis, swelling of the parotid gland, and facial nerve palsy and represents a variety of neurosarcoidosis. Since the first description of the syndrome, discussion about the lesion site has been controversial and has included the assumption of direct nerve compression by parotid gland swelling or a lesion within the facial canal in light of observations of accompanying taste disturbance. We report on a 26-year-old man with typical Heerfordt's syndrome who developed bilateral facial nerve palsy. Electrical and magnetic stimulation of the whole facial motor path provided strong evidence for a pathological process that: (i) began in the cerebellopontine angle; (ii) spread distally into the facial canal; and (iii) could be characterized by proximal demyelination. The patient recovered completely within 6 weeks under immunosuppressive therapy with steroids.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/46. Successful treatment of crocodile tears by injection of botulinum toxin into the lacrimal gland: a case report.OBJECTIVE: Pathologic lacrimation (crocodile tears) is a rare but stigmatizing symptom after facial nerve paralysis. The aim of this pilot study was to examine whether botulinum toxin injection into the lacrimal gland is effective in reducing pathologic tear secretion. DESIGN: Case report. INTERVENTION: One patient who had crocodile tears after a zoster oticus infection received a botulinum toxin injection (2.5 mouse units) into the lacrimal gland. TESTING: Before injection, 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after injection, patient's lacrimation was assessed by a Schirmer test. RESULTS: The lacrimation of the injected eye was reduced after 1 week and equal after 1 month when compared to the healthy side. After 6 months, hyperlacrimation reoccurred. No side effects were observed. CONCLUSION: Intraglandular injection of botulinum toxin into the lacrimal gland may serve as a sufficient therapy for crocodile tears.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/46. Congenital facial nerve agenesis.We present a case of a seven-year-old child with a congenital facial palsy, diagnosed at birth, who subsequently developed a non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection of the ipsilateral parotid gland. This required parotid exploration to treat the NTM disease with the intention of identifying and protecting the facial nerve to preserve any residual facial nerve function. At operation, thorough exploration revealed the complete absence of the nerve both at the stylomastoid foramen and more peripherally within the substance of the parotid gland. Exploration of the facial nerve for congenital facial paralysis is not normally indicated. Surgical treatment, if required, tends to involve the use of techniques such as cross facial nerve and free vascularized muscle grafting. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of complete congenital facial nerve agenesis, diagnosed incidentally during a surgical procedure for an unrelated condition.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/46. Extensive metastatic renal cell carcinoma presenting as facial nerve palsy.Metastatic lesions of the parotid gland are well described in the literature. Metastatic spread to the parotid from renal cell carcinoma is rare. We present the only reported case of facial nerve palsy caused by a metastasis to the parotid from a renal cell carcinoma.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/46. Ischaemic necrosis and facial palsy in Warthin's tumour of the parotid gland.A 72-year-old patient with a Warthin's tumor of the right parotid gland developed massive necrosis of the tumour associated with temporary facial palsy with subsequent macroscopic tumour disappearance.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/46. Percutaneous treatment of a parotid gland hydatid cyst: a possible alternative to surgery.Although the most involved organs are liver and lung, hydatid cysts are very rarely seen in the head and neck region. Only a few cases with hydatid cyst in parotid gland have been reported in the literature. We present the findings of 18 months of follow-up of a case with a hydatid cyst in parotid gland treated percutaneously by using PAIR technique. To our knowledge, this is the first case of parotid gland hydatid cyst who underwent percutaneous treatment. Percutaneous treatment of parotid hydatid cyst seems to be a safe and effective procedure as a possible alternative to surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/46. Recurrent attacks of facial nerve palsy as the presenting sign of leukemic relapse.OBJECTIVE: To present an unusual case of recurrent facial palsy resulting from acute leukemic infiltration of the parotid gland. STUDY DESIGN: Case report. methods: An 11-year-old boy who had been treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) from 3 to 6 years of age presented with intermittent left facial nerve palsy with concurrent ipsilateral parotid fullness. The initial findings at diagnosis and workup are presented, and the disease progression and resolution with therapy are documented. RESULTS: The patient had been off therapy when this finding developed. A workup for central and viral etiologies for the facial palsy was unrevealing. biopsy of the parotid gland demonstrated a lymphoblastic leukemic infiltrate. The patient was placed on a chemotherapy protocol for relapsed leukemia, resulting in complete resolution of the facial palsy. CONCLUSION: Isolated facial nerve dysfunction, albeit rare, has been documented as a sign of central nervous system involvement in leukemia, but until now this presentation has not been described in the setting of leukemic relapse presenting with acute infiltration of the parotid gland.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/46. A case of salivary gland choristoma of the middle ear.The authors present a case of tympanic cavity salivary gland adenochoristoma in association with an abnormal course of the facial nerve, absence of the oval and round windows, absence of the stapes, hypoplasia of the long process of the incus, and the existence of a subtympanic bony lamina.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/46. diagnosis of bell palsy with gadolinium magnetic resonance imaging.bell palsy is a condition resulting from a peripheral edematous compression on the nervous fibers of the facial nerve. This pathological condition often has clinical characteristics of no importance and spontaneously disappears in a short time in a high percentage of cases. Facial palsy concerning cranial nerve VII can also be caused by other conditions such as mastoid fracture, acoustic neurinoma, tumor spread to the temporal lobe (e.g., cholesteatoma), neoformation of the parotid gland, melkersson-rosenthal syndrome, and Ramsay-Hunt syndrome. Therefore, it is important to adopt an accurate diagnostic technique allowing the rapid detection of bell palsy and the exclusion of causes of facial paralysis requiring surgical treatment. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with medium contrast of the skull shows a marked increase in revealing lesions, even of small dimensions, inside the temporal bone and at the cerebellopontine angle. The authors present a clinical case to show the important role played by gadolinium MRI in reaching a diagnosis of bell palsy in the differential diagnosis of the various conditions that determine paralysis of the facial nerve and in selecting the most suitable treatment or surgery to be adopted.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/46. Candidal abscess of the parotid gland associated with facial nerve paralysis.facial nerve paralysis associated with parotid gland mass is usually caused by malignant neoplasms and facial nerve dysfunction due to parotid infection is exceedingly rare. A review of the literature revealed approximately 15 cases of facial nerve palsy associated with suppurative parotitis or parotid abscess. We report the first case of candidal abscess of the parotid gland associated with facial nerve paralysis in a 74-year-old insulin-dependent diabetic patient. The differential diagnosis in these unusual cases occurring in diabetic, immunodeficient patients should include candida albicans infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |