1/10. Surgical treatment of penetrating orbito-cranial injuries. Case report.Penetrating orbital injuries are not frequent but neither are they rare. The various diagnostic and therapeutic problems are related to the nature of the penetrating object, its velocity, shape and size as well as the possibility that it may be partially or wholly retained within the orbit. The authors present another case with unusual characteristics and discuss the strategies available for the best possible treatment of this traumatic pathology in the light of the published data. The patient in this case was a young man involved in a road accident who presented orbito-cerebral penetration caused by a metal rod with a protective plastic cap. Following the accident, the plastic cap (2.5x2 cm) was partially retained in the orbit. At initial clinical examination, damage appeared to be exclusively ophthalmological. Subsequent CT scan demonstrated the degree of intracerebral involvement. The damaged cerebral tissue was removed together with bone fragments via a bifrontal craniotomy, the foreign body was extracted and the dura repaired. Postoperative recovery was normal and there were no neuro-ophthalmological deficits at long-term clinical assessment. Orbito-cranial penetration, which is generally associated with violent injuries caused by high-velocity missiles, may not be suspected in traumas produced by low-velocity objects. Diagnostic orientation largely depends on precise knowledge of the traumatic event and the object responsible. When penetration is suspected and/or the object responsible is inadequately identified, a CT scan is indicated. The type of procedure to adopt for extraction, depends on the size and nature of the retained object. Although the possibility of non-surgical extraction has been described, surgical removal is the safest form of treatment in cases with extensive laceration and brain contusion.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. An anterior chamber mass discovered after routine cataract surgery.A 68-year-old man was noted to have an anterior chamber mass shortly after uneventful cataract surgery. The mass was believed to be iatrogenic in nature and necessitated surgical removal because of intermittent obstruction of vision. The patient was observed closely and achieved a good visual outcome with no complaints. This case is described to illustrate a potential hazard of modern clear cornea cataract surgery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. Barbed spear injury to the skull base: case report.A case of a barbed spear injury to the left orbit and skull base is presented. The unusual nature and circumstances of the injury and the management problems related to the proximate neurovascular bundles are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Subperiosteal hematomas of the orbit in young males: a serious complication of trauma or surgery in the eye region.Three examples of subperiosteal hematomas in the region of the orbital roof of young males are used to demonstrate the unpredictable appearance, the obscure nature, the complications, and the treatment of this process. One occurred in a 14-year-old boy following blunt head trauma and was cured by aspiration. The second occurred in a 16-year-old boy also resulted from blunt head trauma; it was associated with a large subgaleal hematoma and caused permanent blindness of the involved eye. The third case developed in an 18-year-old male as a complication of acute purulent endophthalmitis following an intraocular foreign body. The purpose of this report is to separate subperiosteal hematoma on the roof of the orbit of young males from the other orbital hematomas to show that it is a concise clinical entity with its own typical history, appearance, and treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. Corneal foreign bodies of coconut origin.Corneal foreign bodies of varied nature have been reported, however, vegetable foreign bodies in the cornea have seldom been described. A case is reported of a male from the Marshall islands in the Pacific who retained a number of deep corneal foreign bodies after being struck in the eye by a piece of a coconut shell. The foreign bodies caused considerable inflammation which ceased after they were exposed and removed by means of a centrally based lamellar corneal flap. The patient's eye has remained quiet for 4 months following removal of the foreign bodies.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. Subperiosteal hematomas of the orbit in young males: a serious complication of trauma or surgery in the eye region.Three documented cases of subperiosteal hematomas in the region of the orbital roof of young males are used to demonstrate the unpredictable appearance, the obscure nature, the complications and the treatment of this process. One case occurred in a 14-year-old boy following blunt head trauma and was cured by aspiration. The second case, in a 16-year-old boy, also resulted from blunt head trauma; it was associated with a large subgaleal hematoma and caused permanent blindness of the involved eye. The third case developed in an 18-year-old male as a complication of acute purulent endophthalmitis following an intraocular foreign body. The aim of this study is to separate subperiosteal hematomas and to show that it is a concise clinical entity with its own typical history, appearance and treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. Ocular lesions caused by caterpillar hairs (ophthalmia nodosa).The ocular reactions to caterpillar hairs are diverse in nature and location, ranging from a toxic reaction to the external foreign bodies, keratoconjunctivitis or the formation of conjunctival nodules, to intense iritis, vitritis or papillitis. Four cases are presented in this paper to illustrate the various degrees of ocular involvement. Included are clinical photographs of intravitreal and subretinal hairs. A classification of these reactions is suggested to facilitate the choice of treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. copper intraocular foreign body: diagnosis and treatment.copper intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) are relatively common after penetrating eye injuries. Ocular signs and symptoms vary greatly in relation to the copper content, ranging from chronic uveitis and severe visual loss for IOFB containing more than 85% copper, to local copper deposits with no severe ocular damage for less toxic alloys. Reported here is the case of a ten-year-old boy who suffered from recurrent chronic uveitis five months after a perforating eye injury due to copper wire. Diagnostic ultrasound and computerized tomography revealed an IOFB within the lens and X-ray spectrometry (DXS) indicated the nature of the IOFB as copper, and accurately measured the dissolution of the metal. The patient underwent cataract extraction and standard three-port pars plana vitrectomy with gas-fluid exchange. Twelve months after surgery the retina was flat and visual acuity had risen to 20/60. Undiluted vitreous samples obtained in the course of the intervention, studied by immunohistochemical techniques, showed an inflammatory reaction with a prevalence of PMN-N and CD3 t-lymphocytes. DXS thus appears to be a new and reliable diagnostic tool for the early detection and management of copper and other toxic metal IOFB.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. Projectile metallic foreign bodies in the orbit: a retrospective study of epidemiologic factors, management, and outcomes.PURPOSE: Intraorbital projectile metallic foreign bodies are associated with significant ocular and orbital injuries. The authors sought to evaluate epidemiologic factors, the incidence of associated ocular and orbital injury, and the nature and necessity of surgical intervention in these cases. methods: charts of all patients with projectile intraorbital metallic foreign bodies seen at our institution (27) over the preceding 7 years were evaluated with respect to age, sex, type of injury, associated ocular and orbital injuries, location of the projectile (anterior, epibulbar, or posterior), postinjury visual acuity, and surgical intervention. RESULTS: The majority of patients were male, between the ages of 11 and 30, and had BB pellet injuries. Thirteen projectiles were lodged anteriorly, 4 were in an epibulbar position, and the remaining 10 were posterior to the equator. Twelve of 13 anterior, and 4 of 4 epibulbar foreign bodies were removed surgically, whereas only 2 of 10 posterior foreign bodies required surgery. No case of surgical intervention resulted in a decrease of visual acuity. Associated ocular injuries were both more common and severe in patients with posteriorly located foreign bodies. Final visual acuity was better at presentation and at discharge in patients with anteriorly located foreign bodies. CONCLUSION: Intraorbital projectile metallic foreign bodies can be a source of significant ocular morbidity. Management of these cases is dependent on the location of the projectile. Ancillary radiographic studies can be helpful. Surgery to remove the projectile should be considered in each case, but foreign bodies that are not readily accessible often may be left safely in place. Closer regulation of the pellet gun industry, with an emphasis on education and protective eyewear use, would be helpful in reducing these injuries.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. The nature of capsular inclusions in lenticular chalcosis. Report of a case.A case of lenticular chalcosis has been studied where the accidentally implanted brass fragment had been removed 2 years prior to extraction of the lens. Characteristic capsular inclusions were found which did not contain copper. The inclusions probably consisted of a lipoid material.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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