1/10. Primary neonatal thalamic haemorrhage and epilepsy with continuous spike-wave during sleep: a longitudinal follow-up of a possible significant relation.epilepsy with continuous spike-waves during sleep was diagnosed in a child who suffered primary neonatal thalamic haemorrhage, and who was followed from birth to 17 years of age. Early cognitive development was normal. Acquired behavioural problems and cognitive stagnation could be directly related to the epilepsy and not to the initial lesion and posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus. This case and long-term follow-up data on a few children who suffered primary neonatal thalamic haemorrhage suggest that epilepsy with continuous spike-waves during sleep can be a sequel. Disturbances of thalamocortical interactions could play a role in the still poorly understood syndrome of epilepsy with continuous spike-waves during sleep.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. Reduction of epileptic seizures by reinforcement of bladder continence.Epileptic seizures and resulting incontinence of urine were effectively reduced by reinforcement of incompatible behaviour with individual programming within a general token economy system. Two treatment phases, including token and social reinforcement, during an 11 week period resulted in significant seizure reduction. Therapeutic gains were maintained in a 6 month follow-up.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. Chromosomal aberrations in a patient with severe psychopathology.The case of a female patient showing aggressive, compulsive, destructive behaviour, ritualistic faecal smearing, and hyperactivity is presented. The behaviour is long standing, therapy-resistant, and its aetiology is unknown, although it is seemingly associated with chromosomal abnormalities secondary to abnormal plasma factors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Compulsive spitting as manifestation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Spitting as a seizure manifestation is described in an autistic child with a mild expression of epilepsy. Spitting became a predominant automatism of in seizure manifestation. In contrast to most cases in the literature, the epileptic discharges were localized in the left temporal lobe, an uncommon side to cause spitting seizures. By increasing the dose of carbamazepine, spitting behaviour disappeared.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. Postictal behaviour in temporal lobe epilepsy.Postictal phenomena such as nose-wiping, coughing and hypersalivation are believed to reflect a purposeful reaction to hypersecretion after regaining consciousness following a complex partial seizure, and are very common in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, particularly in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. nose-wiping is usually performed with the hand ipsilateral to the side of seizure onset. Our patient illustrates an unusual, exaggerated postictal behaviour consisting of long-lasting nose-wiping, coughing and guttural sounds following a complex partial seizure due to right mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. [Published with video sequences].- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. carbamazepine in the treatment of aggression: a case report and a review of the literature.Aggressive behaviour is an inescapable clinical problem confronting practitioners of medicine, neurology and psychiatry. Several drugs have been used to treat it, with limited success. Successful use of carbamazepine in the treatment of aggressive behaviour in a patient with limbic dysfunction is reported, and varieties of aggressive behaviour that respond to carbamazepine are examined. The authors suggest that carbamazepine may have a specific anti-aggressive effect perhaps due to an anti-kindling effect, but caution that double-blind studies are needed before firm conclusions are drawn.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. Treatment approach in a child with hysterical seizures superimposed on partial complex seizures.This article reports the case of a 9 1/2 year old child with a history of psychomotor epilepsy which was uncontrolled by multiple anticonvulsant medications. When admitted to the psychiatric inpatient service, he was treated with a combination of pharmacological, behavioural and psychodynamically oriented approaches. A period of intensive family counseling was conducted to clarify the parents' concerns about causality of the seizures and methods for dealing with them. This combined approach led to a complete cessation of reported seizures and a decreased number and dosage of anticonvulsant medications. The authors discuss the reluctance of some physicians to accept the co-existence of neurogenic and psychogenic seizures in a given patient. patients with pharmacologically uncontrolled seizures must be identified and accurately diagnosed (neurogenic and/or psychogenic) to prevent complication such as over-medication and to administer appropriate treatment. Multiple disciplinary therapy including psychodynamic, pharmacological, behavioural and educational approaches should be implemented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. status epilepticus with cognitive symptomatology in a patient with partial complex epilepsy.A 16-year-old patient who had a history of complex partial seizures, had frequent episodes of status epilepticus with diffuse slow-wave discharges. The clinical manifestations were apparently insignificant due to the fact that vigilance, orientation and behaviour were unimpaired. Neuropsychological investigations showed that the cognitive processes were selectively impaired during such episodes. The electroclinical pattern was interrupted by break-off of contact concomitant with high-frequency spike discharges. Cognitive impairment is believed to represent the specific feature peculiar to this type of status epilepticus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. Results of surgical treatment in temporal lobe epilepsy with chronic psychosis.The combination of psychosis and refractory temporal lobe epilepsy is not rare. However, patients with chronic interictal psychosis and refractory epilepsy are rejected from many epilepsy surgery programmes purely on psychiatric grounds. It is often assumed that disturbed behaviour will prevent adequate preoperative evaluation or that the patients are unable to provide informed consent for preoperative investigations and for surgery. The observation that the psychosis usually does not improve after operation and fears of an exacerbation of psychosis with post-surgical seizure remission, analogous to 'forced normalization', are further deterrents to surgery in these patients. We describe five patients with the dual diagnoses of medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy and chronic psychosis who underwent temporal lobe resection. The patients were able to provide informed consent and were easily managed during preoperative investigation. Seizure outcome has been excellent in all. Neither temporal lobe resection nor remission of seizures influenced the nature or evolution of the psychosis. Subjectively the patients functioned better in activities of daily living and freedom from seizures improved integration into psychiatric treatment facilities. With appropriate psychiatric intervention, patients with chronic psychosis and refractory epilepsy can participate in presurgical investigation successfully, and can undergo surgery uneventfully.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. Episodic nocturnal wandering and complex visual hallucination. A case with long-term follow-up.Episodic nocturnal wandering is rare and thought to be an atypical form of nocturnal epilepsy which is responsive to anticonvulsant therapy. We report a case of adult-onset episodic sleep-walking and daytime complex visual hallucination. Ambulatory EEG recordings suggested that both events were ictal phenomenon. Interictal sphenoidal EEG and SPECT studies revealed an epileptogenic focus in the left anterior temporal lobe. During the nocturnal wanderings, the patient had bizarre but non-violent behaviour, and was at risk of minor or severe injury to himself. Both events were completely controlled by carbamazepine for a follow-up period of 8 years. The present case further supports the notion that episodic nocturnal wandering represents an unusual type of nocturnal complex partial seizures.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = behaviour (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| | Next -> |