1/50. Bilateral orbital emphysema from compressed air injury.PURPOSE: To describe a patient who developed bilateral subconjunctival and orbital emphysema after an automobile tire explosion. METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: A 60-year-old man sustained bilateral ocular injury after a tire explosion. Ophthalmic examination disclosed bilateral subconjunctival air, with no visible conjunctival laceration. Computed tomography showed orbital emphysema, with no evidence of orbital fracture. Follow-up examination 2 weeks after the injury disclosed resolution of the subconjunctival air. Best-corrected visual acuity in the right eye was decreased after the explosion but improved to the baseline level of 20/40 2 weeks after the injury. CONCLUSION: Subconjunctival and orbital emphysema can occur from high-pressure air injury in the absence of an obvious entry site.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/50. Pneumoparotid due to spirometry.Pneumoparotid has been described in patients who generate increased intraoral pressures when playing wind instruments, while coughing, and when undergoing dental work. Some patients have intentionally created pneumoparotid to avoid duties at school or in the military, or to gain attention. We describe a patient who developed pneumoparotid during pulmonary function testing. The diagnosis of pneumoparotid depends on a suggestive clinical situation and glandular swelling with or without crepitus. observation of aerated saliva per Stensen's duct or air in the parotid duct and/or gland by any imaging study is diagnostic if infection with a gas-forming organism can be reasonably excluded. No specific treatment is required, other than the avoidance of predisposing activities.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/50. pneumothorax in adults with cystic fibrosis dependent on nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV): a management dilemma.The management of pneumothorax in three adult patients with cystic fibrosis dependent on nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation is described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/50. Malfunction of a unipolar pacemaker system following development of marked subcutaneous emphysema.Failure of a unipolar pacemaker system due to subcutaneous emphysema is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication after implantation. We report on a pacemaker dysfunction observed three days after implantation in a 91-year-old patient following development of marked subcutaneous emphysema. Function was immediately restored following application of pressure bandages and the condition resolved within a few days.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/50. Bilevel nasal positive airway pressure and ballooning of the stomach.We describe a case of severe gastric insufflation in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who was receiving bilevel nasal positive airway pressure (BNPAP) ventilation (BiPAP; Respironics; Murrysville, PA). The injection of inspiratory flow into the esophagus, aerophagia, and air trapping below the gastroesophageal junction after a meal are probably the major causes. We suggest that BNPAP ventilation can be a cause of serious gastric insufflation in a patient who lies supine, especially after a meal, and attention should be paid to avoiding this complication by having the patient sit up for about half an hour after a meal.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/50. Orbital emphysema during air travel: a case report.Orbital emphysema is a well-recognized complication of fractures involving the orbit. Commonly, this follows nose blowing and occurs in the subcutaneous tissues. A case of emphysema within the orbital cavity caused by the pressure changes during air travel is presented. The clinical picture was similar to that seen in retrobulbar haemorrhage and required early surgical intervention. Circumstances where patients at risk may be exposed to abnormal atmospheric pressures are highlighted and the management of the condition is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/50. Retroperitoneal air dissection associated with mechanical ventilation.The radiologic patterns, etiology, and possible consequences of gas dissection into the retroperitoneal space from pulmonary sources are reviewed in three patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Airway disruption appears to be related to peak airway pressures, underlying pulmonary disease, and the patient's hemodynamic condition and may cause different forms of interstitial emphysema and air embolization, which may lead to severe respiratory or circulatory dysfunction. Gas migration to the retroperitoneum and, secondarily, into the peritoneal cavity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of free intra-abdominal gas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/50. Pneumomediastinum and cervical emphysema associated with unusual clinical and electrocardiographic manifestations--a case report.This is the first case reported of combined cervical emphysema and pneumomediastinum associated with unusual electrocardiographic and local neurologic findings. These may be the result of an increase in intracervical and intrathoracic pressure induced by the dissecting air.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/50. Tension pneumoorbitus.Posttraumatic tension orbitus developed in a young man causing subconjunctival emphysema and proptosis. Intraocular pressures were monitored as a means of indirectly measuring intraorbital pressure. The patient was serially examined for evidence of compressive optic neuropathy. Because of the possibility of orbital pressure increasing several hours from the time of injury, we recommend monitoring of these patients through intraocular pressure measurement and evaluation of the optic nerve for evidence of compression. Our findings, however, do support previous documentation that the intraocular pressure rise following orbital trauma with orbital emphysema is usually not of sufficient severity or duration to result in visual compromise.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/50. Cervical aerocele in a tracheotomy dependent pediatric patient.A 2-year-old female with tracheotomy dependent congenital bilateral vocal cord paralysis presented with a cervical aerocele inferior to the tracheotomy site. Management included bronchoscopy and surgical decompression with drain insertion and pressure dressings. review of the literature shows no similar episodes reported of an acquired aerocele associated with a maintained tracheotomy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = pressure (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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