1/5. bartonella henselae associated with Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome.bartonella henselae was recovered from the conjunctival scraping of a 38-year-old woman who presented with a 2-week history of tender preauricular lymphadenopathy and a 1-day history of a red left eye. Dry adherent colonies were observed on agar plates at 21 days of incubation, and the isolate was identified through conventional and molecular tests. polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a specific region of the 16S rRNA gene and confirmation by a separate PCR reaction with hybridization of the product with a B. henselae-specific probe confirmed the isolate as B. henselae. This is the first reported isolation of the causative agent of cat scratch disease from ocular tissue in a patient with Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome attributable to an encounter with a wild rabbit.PURPOSE: To describe the clinical and histopathologic findings in a patient with Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome attributable to francisella tularensis obtained from an encounter with a wild baby rabbit. methods: In an 18-year-old man, the clinical course, laboratory findings, and histopathologic findings are described. RESULTS: Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with unilateral granulomatous conjunctivitis, painful preauricular, and submandibular lymphadenopathy combined with systemic symptoms of general malaise and fever. CONCLUSION: tularemia is one etiology of Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome. It is caused by francisella tularensis and is usually transmitted to humans via infected animal blood or through an insect bite, most often a tick. For treatment, intramuscular streptomycin is the drug of choice.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. Branhamella keratoconjunctivitis.A young male complained of monocular diplopia for over a year. Ophthalmic evaluation revealed gross corneal pannus in both eyes and clinical findings precipitated treatment for chronic chlamydial eye disease. The definitive pathogen isolated from both eyes was Branhamella catarrhalis. A cause of otitis media, sinusitis, and lower respiratory infections, Branhamella is a rare, opportunistic ocular pathogen which may be associated with meibomian gland dysfunction.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. Application of polymerase chain reaction assay in the diagnosis of orbital granuloma complicating atypical oculoglandular cat scratch disease.BACKGROUND: Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome is uncommon. Most cases are caused by cat scratch disease (CSD), recently discovered to be associated with the pathogen bartonella henselae. Before isolation of the micro-organism, diagnosis relied on the presence of characteristic clinical features. However, atypical cases could cause diagnostic problems. With the development of an indirect fluorescent antibody test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, oculoglandular CSD can be diagnosed readily. methods: The authors report a case of atypical Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome in a 51-year-old woman who presented with an inferior conjunctival forniceal mass extending into anterior orbital tissues. blood and operative tissue specimens were obtained for routine screening and histopathologic analysis but more specifically for serologic analysis, culture, and PCR assay for B. henselae. Computed tomography was performed to delineate the mass. RESULTS: Cultures for B. henselae were negative. Initial serologic analysis demonstrated a low IgG response without detectable IgM, but 1 month later had undergone a fourfold rise in IgG, again without detectable IgM. Histopathologic analysis showed a nonspecific necrotizing granulomatous inflammation consistent with but not diagnostic of CSD. polymerase chain reaction assay for B. henselae was strongly positive. Computed tomographic scan showed a preseptal and anterior orbital inflammatory process. CONCLUSIONS: Cat scratch disease due to B. henselae should be suspected in patients with atypical conjunctival inflammation associated with regional lymphadenopathy. PCR assay is extremely useful in establishing the diagnosis. The PCR assay offers the additional advantage of early diagnosis because the test is positive early in the disease. Antibiotic therapy remains controversial. In this case, surgical excision hastened resolution of the conjunctival inflammation. However, the lymphadenopathy responded poorly to antibiotics.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.4keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. sarcoidosis presenting as multilobular limbal corneal nodules.PURPOSE: To review reported external ocular manifestations of sarcoidosis and to present bilateral, multilobular, nodular, limbal, corneal nodules as being a unique manifestation of the disease. patients AND methods: A 16-year-old Saudi girl presented with bilateral, multilobular, solid, limbal nodules, with a vascular supply from the conjunctival vessel, and associated membraneous conjunctivitis and healed trachoma. The Schirmer's test revealed less than 2 mm in both eyes with tear meniscus less than 2 mm. biopsy of an associated palpebral conjunctival nodule was performed, in addition to a gallium scan, chest X-ray, and a serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE) level. RESULTS: The culture showed beta-hemolytic streptococci. gallium scan showed intake by both lacrimal glands. Her chest X-ray results were normal, as was the SACE level. biopsy of the excised conjunctival nodule disclosed a noncaseating granulomatous reaction with epithelioid and giant cells, and chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate confirming a diagnosis of sarcoidosis. CONCLUSION: A multilobular, nodular, perilimbal mass as a unique manifestation of sarcoidosis is presented. A streptococcal membraneous conjunctivitis and healed trachoma superimposed. A review of sarcoidosis of the external eye is included.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.2keywords = gland (Clic here for more details about this article) |