11/36. Evolution of acute focal bacterial nephritis into a renal abscess.Acute focal bacterial nephritis (AFBN) is a localized bacterial infection of the kidney presenting as an inflammatory mass without frank abscess formation, which may represent a relatively early stage of renal abscess. The pathogenesis of AFBN is thought to be hematogenous infection or ascending infection from the lower urinary tract. For the majority of children, the pathogenesis may be related to ascending infection, because pre-existing malformative uropathy, especially vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), is common in pediatric patients. Few clinical reports have demonstrated the evolution of this condition into renal abscess in children. We report a girl with AFBN associated with VUR that evolved into a renal abscess despite appropriate intravenous antibiotic therapy. We undertook serial radiological observation of its evolution. It is important to differentiate AFBN from renal abscess because the management of the two entities may be different, and follow-up studies are indispensable to determine appropriate therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/36. Kostmann's syndrome.Kostmann's syndrome is a rare congenital disorder of neutrophil production due to impairment of myeloid differentiation in the bone marrow, with the neutrophil count being characteristically less than 500 x 10(3) cells/l (normal: 2-7 x 10(9)/l). Severe persistent neutropenia results in an increased susceptibility to frequent bacterial infections. The condition can be treated with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Although several articles have addressed the clinicopathological and haematological aspects of this disorder, little or no information has been available concerning the radiological findings in this disorder. This report summarizes the clinical features, radiological findings and management of a patient with Kostmann's syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/36. Mycobacterium abscessus chest wall and pulmonary infection in a cystic fibrosis lung transplant recipient.Mycobacterial infections are increasingly recognized in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients before transplant; however, knowledge about the clinical significance or spectrum of infections observed with mycobacterial infections in lung transplant recipients is still evolving. Herein, we report a case of infection with Mycobacterium abscessus in a CF lung transplant recipient. Despite aggressive treatment before and peri-operatively with anti-mycobacterial therapy, the patient developed skin and soft tissue infection of the incision and of bilateral breast implants, eventually leading to disseminated pulmonary infection and death. This report highlights the potential for M abscessus to cause post-transplant disease in CF patients undergoing lung transplant, despite peri-operative anti-mycobacterial therapy. Thus, pre-transplant colonization with M abscessus should be viewed as a strong relative, if not absolute, contraindication to lung transplantation. The combination of the virulent pre-transplant pathogen M abscessus and foreign bodies in the chest likely acted synergistically to contribute to the unfortunate outcome in this patient.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/36. pyomyositis in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus: an unusual form of disseminated bacterial infection.PURPOSE AND patients: pyomyositis, a common disease in the tropics, is rare in the continental united states, with approximately 83 cases described in the literature in the past two decades. The occurrence of pyomyositis complicating human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has been reported in 10 patients since 1986. We report six cases of this entity in patients with advanced hiv disease seen in our institution over a 20-month period. A common denominator in all of our patients was muscle injury, induced by either exercise or trauma. Unlike most previous reports of hiv-associated pyomyositis, the clinical picture in our cases was complicated by the development of abscesses in multiple muscle groups, requiring prolonged antimicrobial therapy and repeated drainage procedures for successful management. Interestingly, one patient developed concomitant rhabdomyolysis--an otherwise rare event in classical pyomyositis. staphylococcus aureus was the predominant infecting organism in this as well as all other series. Of note, we also observed and report the first case, to our knowledge, of gram-negative pyomyositis in an hiv-infected individual. The pathogenic implications of this catalase-producing gram-negative isolate are discussed in the context of neutrophil abnormalities in hiv disease. CONCLUSION: Like tropical pyomyositis, its hiv-associated counterpart appears to be multifactorial in origin. Its recent recognition suggests that, in addition to underlying abnormalities of host defense, factors relating to the prolonged survival of patients with late-stage disease, including myopathy, might play an important contributory role.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/36. Mycobacterial infection following blepharoplasty.A case of exceedingly rare mycobacterial infection following blepharoplasty is recorded. This nursing home employee underwent a combined blepharoplasty, eyelid ptosis correction, and replacement of breast implants. One month later, she developed localized abscesses of both eyelids. Cultures revealed nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. The infection was controlled after ten months of antibacterial therapy using doxycycline. We believe that the patient's exposure to debilitated individuals due to her nursing profession and the presence of a Jones tube in the right lacrimal system were major contributing factors.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/36. Bacterial infection as a presenting manifestation of visceral leishmaniasis.Two patients admitted to the hospital because of severe bacterial infection were diagnosed as having visceral leishmaniasis. The types of bacterial infection were perianal abscess and pneumonia; escherichia coli and streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated from exudates and blood cultures, respectively. A third patient admitted because of acute necrotizing infection of the pharynx and visceral leishmaniasis is also discussed. Cultures from this patient failed to yield pathogens. anemia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia was present in all patients, and bone marrow aspirate revealed the presence of Leishmania in macrophages. We conclude that in areas where leishmaniasis is endemic, early bone marrow aspirate should, in most instances, be performed in patients with bacterial infection associated with anemia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia if hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly is present.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/36. Pancreatic abscess due to mycobacterial infection associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.Two patients with a history of intravenous drug abuse developed a pancreatic abscess due to mycobacterial infection as their initial evident opportunistic infection in association with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This presentation of mycobacterial infection has been previously reported in nine patients. The two patients reported here are the second and third reported cases in association with AIDS. As this entity should be considered a cause of a pancreatic lesion in immunosuppressed patients, fluid drained from a pancreatic abscess should have histologic stains and cultures for mycobacteria.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/36. pyomyositis and human immunodeficiency virus infection.pyomyositis is a bacterial infection of skeletal muscle usually caused by staphylococcus aureus and characterized by localized muscle pain, swelling, and tenderness. The disease is endemic in the tropics. Though only approximately 50 cases have been reported from the continental united states, pyomyositis has been increasingly recognized here in the last decade. We report two patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and pyomyositis, and review five previously reported cases. Given the predisposition of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or aids-related complex (ARC) for infections caused by S aureus, pyomyositis may become increasingly more common in temperate areas.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/36. The surgical management of atypical mycobacterial soft-tissue infections.Group IV atypical mycobacterial infections, especially mycobacterium fortuitum and M. chelonei, are being reported with increased frequency. We report our experience with five cases of soft-tissue infection with these acid-fast bacilli. Often these infections are chronic, with formation of abscesses and multiple fistulas. Optimal surgical treatment often requires wide excision of all diseased tissue followed by delayed closure. Presentation, optimal surgical management, and antibiotic therapy are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/36. Perirectal and perineal infections in end-stage renal disease patients.Eight patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who developed bacterial infection of the perirectal area or perineum are reported. The diagnosis was not always straightforward. bacteremia was seen in 3 of 8 patients and one of these died. Careful examination of the anus, rectum, and perineum should be mandatory in ESRD patients with undiagnosed fever. Treatment consisted of extensive surgical debridement and drainage along with antimicrobial therapy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = bacterial infection (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| <- Previous || Next -> |