1/15. Hyperkinetic movement disorders caused by corpus striatum infarcts: brain MRI/CT findings in three cases.Three patients with hemichorea/hemiballismus/hemidystonia caused by discrete contralateral infarction of the corpus striatum are presented. The infarcts were all small on CT or MRI brain scan and were lacunar in type. Small discrete infarction of basal ganglionic structures allows such adventitious movements to be manifested. Involvement of contiguous areas, seen with larger infarcts, can suppress such movements. The infrequency of such hyperkinetic movement disorders, and the subtle infarct appearance on brain scan, can lead to a delay in the diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/15. Facial myokymia and brain stem tumor.An autoptic case of facial myokymia in glioma of the pons is described. The facial myokymia was the only symptom for many years. The authors emphasize the importance of the facial myokymia as a precocious sign of pons tumor and stress the meaning of the EMG in the differential diagnosis between facial myokymia in brain stem tumor and facial hyperkinesa in other diseases.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/15. thyroxine-induced hypermotor seizure.thyroxine-induced epilepsy is a very rare condition occurring in epileptic patients. Here we report a boy with thyroxine-induced hypermotor seizure (HMS) following thyroxine administration for his central hypothyroidism secondary to surgery and cranial radiation for his brain tumor. After 3 years seizure-free period, he had repeated HMS, seven to eight attacks per day, after initiation L-thyroxine treatment. Following reduction of the daily thyroxine dose, his seizures decreased in frequency. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of HMS associated with L-thyroxine administration.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/15. deep brain stimulation to treat hyperkinetic symptoms of cockayne syndrome.cockayne syndrome manifests a spectrum of neurological dysfunction that includes medically intractable movement disorders. deep brain stimulation has not been well studied in such rare neurodegenerative conditions. In this case, stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus was used to manage severe motor symptoms in a young man with cockayne syndrome. There was a marked and progressive response to thalamic stimulation within weeks of surgery. These results suggest that patients with cockayne syndrome should be considered for deep brain stimulation to treat refractory movement disorders.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/15. hyperphagia, severe obesity, impaired cognitive function, and hyperactivity associated with functional loss of one copy of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene.The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) inhibits food intake, and rodent models of BDNF disruption all exhibit increased food intake and obesity, as well as hyperactivity. We report an 8-year-old girl with hyperphagia and severe obesity, impaired cognitive function, and hyperactivity who harbored a de novo chromosomal inversion, 46,XX,inv(11)(p13p15.3), a region encompassing the BDNF gene. We have identified the proximal inversion breakpoint that lies 850 kb telomeric of the 5' end of the BDNF gene. The patient's genomic dna was heterozygous for a common coding polymorphism in BDNF, but monoallelic expression was seen in peripheral lymphocytes. serum concentration of BDNF protein was reduced compared with age- and BMI-matched subjects. haploinsufficiency for BDNF was associated with increased ad libitum food intake, severe early-onset obesity, hyperactivity, and cognitive impairment. These findings provide direct evidence for the role of the neurotrophin BDNF in human energy homeostasis, as well as in cognitive function, memory, and behavior.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.83333333333333keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/15. Chronic nephritis, sensorineural deafness, growth and developmental retardation, hyperkinesis, and cleft soft palate in a 5-year-old boy. A new combination?A 5-year-old Japanese boy showed nephritis similar to, but distinct from, that in Alport syndrome. nephrotic syndrome without hematuria was noticed at age 2, although renal biopsy at age 4 revealed widespread irregular thickening of the glomerular basement membrane with splitting of the lamina densa on electron microscopy, characteristic of nephritis in Alport syndrome. Sensorineural deafness was noticed at age 4 weeks by no auditory brain stem response, unusually early for Alport syndrome. Goodpasture antigen and amyloid P component were found in the glomerular basement membrane. Thus, the antigenicity of the glomerular basement membrane was different from that in male patients with X-linked Alport syndrome. In addition, growth and developmental retardation, hyperkinesis, and cleft soft palate were seen. These features are a hitherto undescribed combination. The family history was negative for any of the features of the boy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/15. The effect of central nervous system stimulants on tourette syndrome.A survey of patients with tourette syndrome uncovered 32 who had been exposed to central nervous system stimulants. In 17 (53%) of these patients, symptoms were markedly accentuated by the drugs. Two patients whose tourette syndrome developed suddenly when methylphenidate was administered are also reported.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1.3101217250659keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/15. Hyperkinetic dysarthria as an early indicator of impending tardive dyskinesia.Tardive dyskinesia is a potentially irreversible disturbance of the central nervous system that is associated with the chronic ingestion of neuroleptic medications. Abnormal movements within the oral musculature are characteristic of tardive dyskinesia and are manifested in motor speech production as hyperkinetic dysarthria. Early detection of hyperkinetic dysarthria in patients who have chronically ingested neuroleptic agents may play a critical role in preventing an irreversible condition of tardive dyskinesia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.26202434501319keywords = central nervous system, nervous system (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/15. methylphenidate-induced chorea: case report and pharmacologic implications.In a child with minimal brain dysfunction, we found that chorea was related to the major central effect of methylphenidate and probably to the effect of the drug on central catecholaminergic systems. Also, after 3 weeks of treatment with methylphenidate, guinea pigs showed a hypersensitive response to apomorphine, suggesting that chronic administration of methylphenidate leads to hypersensitivity of receptor sites. chorea beginning shortly after initiation of methylphenidate therapy probably is related to the central dopaminergic effect of the drug; when choreic movements appear after chronic methylphenidate administration, altered responsiveness of striatal dopamine receptor sites may be responsible.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.16666666666667keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/15. Hemiballism and metastatic brain tumor.We describe a 78-year-old man with right hemiballism as the presenting symptom of a metastatic occult adenocarcinoma of the lung. CT demonstrated two contrast-enhancing lesions: one in the left subthalamic region and the other in the left parietal region. Metastatic tumor was confirmed at autopsy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.66666666666667keywords = brain (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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