1/14. Spatz-Lindenberg disease: a rare cause of vascular dementia.BACKGROUND: Isolated cerebral thromboangiitis obliterans (Spatz-Lindenberg disease) is not well recognized as a cause of vascular dementia. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 58-year-old woman presented with dementia and pyramidal signs. neuroimaging showed multiple areas of white matter change. brain biopsy showed intimal thickening of the walls of leptomeningeal and intraparenchymal arteries, almost to complete occlusion, with an intact internal elastic lamina and media and without inflammation or infiltration. The cortex showed only moderate gliosis. CONCLUSIONS: Spatz-Lindenberg disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of vascular dementia. Additional studies of its pathogenesis are required to determine appropriate treatment.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/14. Cerebral vein thrombosis in a case with thromboangiitis obliterans.thromboangiitis obliterans is a chronic inflammatory vessel disease that involves predominantly the small and medium-sized arteries and veins of the distal extremities. Appearance and cessation of symptoms are closely related to patterns of tobacco consumption. That cerebral arteries can also be involved is shown by reports of rare cases in which cerebral artery occlusion led to infarction. We report on a 28-year-old man with thromboangiitis obliterans who developed extensive cerebral vein thrombosis after a single episode of cigarette smoking following several years of nonsmoking. Despite extensive evaluation, no other known cause or predisposition of cerebral vein thrombosis could be found. This case suggests that cerebral veins can be involved in thromboangiitis obliterans and patients with thromboangiitis obliterans might be at risk for cerebral vein thrombosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/14. Schizophrenic-like symptoms in a patient with thrombo-angiitis obliterans (Winiwarter-Buerger's disease).In this article a case of schizophrenic-like symptoms in a patient with thrombo-angiitis obliterans (TAO) is presented. His CT and MRI findings indicated a diffuse ischemia in the white matter, suggestive of TAO, not of focal lesions. The patient, except for age, did not have other risk factors for other cerebrovascular diseases. Psychotic symptoms may be the result of cerebral TAO, via deep and periventricular white matter lesions.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/14. Buerger's disease with multisystem involvement. A case report and a review of the literature.Buerger's disease is a recurrent inflammatory, nonatherosclerotic vasoocclusive disease, which typically affects small and medium-sized arteries, veins, and nerves of the upper and lower extremities. Systemic manifestations involving cerebral, mesenteric, and coronary arteries are exceptional. Moreover, multisystem involvement of 2 or more organs is extremely rare. The authors present a case of Buerger's disease in a patient who subsequently developed cerebral and bowel infarcts as well as cavernomatous transformation of the portal vein. Therefore, Buerger's disease, although rare, does have a chronic aggressive nature in some patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/14. A 22-year-old woman with lower limb arteriopathy. Buerger's disease, or methamphetamine- or cannabis-induced arteritis?This case report describes a 22-year-old woman with severe arterial ischemia leading to claudication and ulceration of the feet, presumably due to long-term abuse of amphetamine derivates, such as "speed" or "ecstasy," and cannabis. Known causes for peripheral occlusive disease, such as atherosclerosis, vasculitis, or collagen vascular disease, were excluded. Laboratory test results did not show evidence of risk factors for thromboembolic diseases. Conventional angiography and magnetic resonance-angiography showed occlusions of medium- and small-sized arteries of both calves and feet. In the past, vasculitis-like arteriopathy was attributed to the abuse of amphetamines as well as of cannabis. However, amphetamines have been reported to be associated with necrotizing vasculitis mainly of cerebral arteries. Therefore, the abuse of methamphetamine or "ecstasy" also appears to play a role in the development of peripheral arterial occlusions and seems to have broad similarities with Buerger's disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/14. Cerebral angiographic findings in thromboangiitis obliterans.Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or ischemic stroke may complicate thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO). However, there has been debate regarding the mechanism of ischemic stroke in TAO. We report the case of a patient with TAO who developed repeated TIAs. An angiogram showed multiple alternative areas of arterial occlusions in the distal segments of both middle cerebral arteries. Extensive collateral vessels around the occluded segment were also observed, which resembled the "tree root" or "corkscrew" vessels described in the peripheral arteries in TAO. Our patient illustrates that cerebral manifestations of TAO may occur with vascular changes that are identical with those encountered in the limb arteries in TAO.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/14. thromboangiitis obliterans with eosinophilia (Buerger's disease) of the temporal arteries.thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) is a nonatherosclerotic, inflammatory, occlusive vascular disease occurring almost exclusively in young male smokers. It involves principally medium sized and small arteries and veins of the lower and upper extremities, and only rarely the visceral and cerebral blood vessels. Buerger's disease of the temporal arteries, unassociated with the involvement of blood vessels of either the upper or lower extremities has not been previously reported. Three such cases, clinically mimicking the classic (giant cell) temporal arteritis of the elderly, are described. This unusual arterial lesion also bears some resemblance to subcutaneous angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (Kimura's disease).- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/14. Monitoring of axillary arterial pressure in a patient with Buerger's disease requiring clipping of an intracerebral aneurysm.A 45-yr-old male with advanced Buerger's disease required surgical clipping of an intracerebral aneurysm. This case report emphasizes considerations of arterial pressure monitoring in a patient with advanced Buerger's disease requiring a major surgical intervention.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/14. Intestinal Buerger's disease.We describe a 50-year-old man who, at 26 years of age, underwent a hemicolectomy on the right side of the abdomen due to infarction of the right colon. At 35 years of age, a stenotic, ischemic segment of distal jejunum was resected. Later he had had intermittent claudication, migratory thrombophlebitis, and recurrent cerebral infarctions. The mesenteric and mural blood vessels of both resected specimens of bowel showed an occlusive process with organized and recent thrombi and marked transmural inflammation. The internal elastic lamina and media in the arteries were preserved and there was no evidence of atheroma or calcification. The histologic findings were consistent with thromboangiitis obliterans. We suggest that the same mechanism may be responsible for intestinal peripheral and cerebrovascular involvement.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/14. CAT scan and immunohistochemical findings in a case of cerebral thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease).Immunohistochemical examinations were carried out in a case of thromboangiitis obliterans. A 26-year-old man developed 4 brain infarctions which could be demonstrated by CAT scan. He suffered from a left-sided hemiparesis, major epileptic seizures, and an ischemic optic neuritis. Immunologic studies supported a diagnosis of cerebral thromboangiitis obliterans (CTAO). The serum anti-elastin titer as well as IgE were considerably increased and a biopsy of the temporal artery showed immunohistochemical signs of an acute inflammatory vessel disease. After the diagnosis of CTAO had been made, the patient was treated with azathioprine and dexamethasone. In cases of young stroke patients, a temporal biopsy is important in confirming the diagnosis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = cerebral (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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