1/5. Spasticity due to phenytoin toxicity.A young epileptic presented with spasticity as well as ataxia, diplopia and nystagmus; his serum phenytoin level was very high. All the abnormal signs disappeared after withdrawal of phenytoin. Spasticity, hyperreflexia, and clonus are features of phenytoin intoxication, present in this case, which are not commonly seen, and which have rarely been mentioned previously in the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/5. Encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy following diethylene glycol ingestion.The authors report a 24-year-old man who developed encephalopathy and rapid quadriplegia following ingestion of a solution containing diethylene glycol (DEG). As quadriparesis evolved, motor response amplitudes were markedly reduced with preserved conduction velocities. Studies during clinical recovery revealed marked motor conduction velocity slowing and prolonged distal latencies. These data indicate that DEG intoxication may cause a primary acute axonal sensorimotor polyneuropathy with demyelinating physiology during recovery.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/5. Cholinergic dysautonomia and Eaton-Lambert syndrome.Cholinergic autonomic function was abnormal in a 47-year-old woman with Eaton-Lambert syndrome (ELS), not associated with carcinoma. Pupillary constriction to light and accommodation, sweating, lacrimation, and salivation were all affected. There was no evidence of Sjogren syndrome or botulinum intoxication. The defect of acetylcholine release from presynaptic terminals in the Eaton-Lambert syndrome may not be restricted to the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/5. Cardiovascular-reflex testing and single-fiber electromyography in botulism. A longitudinal study.Four patients with botulism were studied on admission and at different times after intoxication, using a battery of cardiovascular autonomic tests. The results were compared with clinical status and single-fiber electromyographic findings. In the early stage of intoxication, the control of heart-rate and blood-pressure responsivity was markedly impaired, as was the neuromuscular transmission. At follow-up, results of sympathetic tests normalized earlier than those of parasympathetic tests. The recovery of autonomic function was slower than that of neuromuscular transmission in three patients. Monitoring autonomic derangement in botulism adds further information on the course of the disease and may identify patients at risk for cardiac or respiratory arrest. Further clinical investigation can help in determining more precisely the autonomic sites where the toxin acts.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/5. Chronic bromvalerylurea intoxication: dystonic posture and cerebellar ataxia due to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug abuse.Nalon-Ace and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) containing bromvalerylurea (BVU) are sold as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs and are obtainable without prescription in japan. A 32-year-old woman was diagnosed as having chronic BVU intoxication due to habitual use of Nalon-Ace. In addition to cerebellar ataxia and pyramidal signs well known in this condition, she showed an as yet non-described dystonic posture of the neck. Laboratory tests revealed an elevated concentration of serum organic bromide, iron deficiency anemia, and hyperchloremia. brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed definite cerebellar atrophy. We should consider the possibility of chronic BVU intoxication in peculiar neurological cases like ours.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 6keywords = intoxication (Clic here for more details about this article) |