1/3. A fatal poisoning from an amatoxin containing Lepiota.The mushroom Lepiota josserandii Bon and Boif. has been identified as the cause of an unintentional, fatal intoxication in new york. The course of the symptoms, beginning with a 9 h latent period, was similar to what would be expected in a case of amanita phalloides-type intoxication. Despite supportive medical care the victim expired 110 h after ingestion. Thin layer chromatography detected the presence of alpha- and gamma-amanitin and radioimmunoassay confirmed a level of 3.5 mg/gm dry weight of amatoxins in mushrooms from the same location.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chromatography (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/3. Orellanine poisoning: rapid detection of the fungal toxin in renal biopsy material.BACKGROUND: mushroom poisoning by some species of the cortinarius (agaricales) often lead to irreversible renal failure caused by the nephrotoxin orellanine. In 1994 and 1995, six poisoning outbreaks involving ten individuals in Northern italy and in austria were investigated. methods: A total of 87 clinical samples (urine and blood samples including renal biopsy material of three patients) were examined for the presence of orellanine by thin layer chromatography. RESULTS: Orellanine can be detected after a relatively long period following poisoning by performing a simple thin layer chromatography technique using small quantities of renal biopsy material. No toxin was found in urine or blood samples. CONCLUSIONS: Orellanine is rapidly concentrated in the kidneys in a relatively soluble form and cannot be detected in urine, blood and dialysis fluids at the time when first symptoms appear.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = chromatography (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/3. End-stage renal failure from mushroom poisoning with cortinarius orellanus: report of four cases and review of the literature.Mushrooms of the ubiquitous cortinarius species (Cs) contain nephrotoxins that can cause acute and chronic renal failure by an unknown pathomechanism. Typical is a long symptom-free interval before the onset of clinical disease. A causal form of therapy is not known. Early hemodialysis can improve the prognosis of this potentially life-threatening condition. diagnosis of Cs poisoning can be made by detecting the responsible toxin--orellanine--in plasma or renal tissue by fluorimetry after thin-layer chromatography or by identifying the spores of left-over mushrooms as Cs. Renal histology shows nonspecific changes such as tubular dilatation and flattening of the epithelium and signs of interstitial edema followed by interstitial fibrosis. We present four cases of Cs poisoning with different outcomes and a review of the literature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = chromatography (Clic here for more details about this article) |