11/74. Neurological symptoms in patients whose cerebrospinal fluid is culture- and/or polymerase chain reaction-positive for mycoplasma pneumoniae.We describe 13 patients with neurological signs and symptoms associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. M. pneumoniae was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 9 patients: 5 with meningoencephalitis, 2 with meningitis, and 1 with cerebrovascular infarction. One patient had headache and difficulties with concentration and thinking for 1 month after the acute infection. M. pneumoniae was detected, by means of PCR, in the CSF of 4 patients with negative culture results. Two had epileptic seizures, 1 had blurred vision as a consequence of edema of the optic disk, and 1 had peripheral nerve neuropathy.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/74. Effects of TENS and methylphenidate in tuberculous meningo-encephalitis.PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: Beneficial effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on cognition and behaviour were observed in a child with probable herpes simplex Encephalitis. Based on these positive findings, it was examined in the present case study whether a child who had been diagnosed to suffer from tuberculous meningitis would benefit from TENS. Furthermore, as aggression and overactive behaviour were also prominent clinical symptoms, the effects of methylphenidate were investigated. methods AND PROCEDURES: neuropsychological tests were used to assess attention/concentration and visuospatial and visuoconstructive memory. Behaviour, including the level of activity during 24 hours, was assessed by one observation scale and actigraphy. EXPERIMENTAL INTERVENTIONS: TENS and methylphenidate. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: TENS particularly improved overall affective behaviour. methylphenidate appeared to have the opposite effect on cognition and hardly any effect on patient's behaviour. CONCLUSIONS: TENS might improve the patient's behavioural functioning. Pros and cons for treatment effects are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/74. meningoencephalitis caused by bacillus cereus in a neonate.We report on a newborn boy, who was delivered at 26 weeks' gestation by emergency caesarean section because of a prolapsed cord and breech presentation. Grade IV hyaline membrane disease subsequently developed, for which a surfactant was given. On day 8, there were frequent apnoeic attacks, and on day 30, marked irritability developed, as did intermittent stiffening of all four limbs. The anterior fontanelle was bulging and tense, and the cerebrospinal fluid was found to be turbid. Gram staining of the cerebrospinal fluid and blood revealed Gram-positive bacilli. Subsequent culturing yielded bacillus cereus, which was sensitive to amikacin and vancomycin. Severe cerebral oedema developed, however, and computed tomography of the brain showed bright cortical sulci, suggestive of meningitis. The baby died on day 37, and post-mortem histological examination of the brain showed extensive liquefactive necrosis with abundant neutrophilic infiltration. Since infection with bacillus cereus is rapidly fatal, early recognition of infection by this organism is important.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/74. epidemiologic studies of eosinophilic meningitis in southern taiwan.A study of the epidemiologic characteristics of 125 cases of eosinophilic meningitis or meningoencephalitis, probably caused by angiostrongylus cantonensis, which occurred in southern taiwan in 1968 and 1969 revealed a close association of the disease with the rainy season. In contrast to findings in other geographic areas, most such cases in this study occurred among children. A higher attack rate was observed among aborigines than among descendants of mainland Chinese. Most patients had eaten the giant African snail, Achatina fulica, prior to their illness and this mollusc was commonly found infected with third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis. However, in almost all instances the snail was eaten after it had been thoroughly cooked and examination of cooked snail meat revealed only dead larvae. It is suspected that patients became infected by inadvertently ingesting A. cantonensis larvae liberated when the snails were prepared for consumption.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/74. Bacillus anthracic meningitis.bacillus anthracis is an uncommon cause of meniningitis. The characteristic hemorrhagic features in two patients who died despite antibiotic treatment are presented and discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 4keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/74. Immunohistochemical diagnosis of cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii infection in chronic meningoencephalitis: the first case in japan.cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) var. gattii infection usually occurs in tropical and subtropical areas, and rarely in the northern hemisphere. We report the first Japanese with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis caused by C. neoformans var. gattii infection that occurred during a trip to australia. This agent was identified in a cerebellar biopsy specimen by immunohistochemical technique with serotype-specific anti-sera. Because the meningitis caused by it did not respond well to conventional therapy, we used an aggressive therapeutic regimen to successfully treat the patient. Even in areas where C. neoformans var. gattii does not exist, this infection should be considered possible as a travel-related infection.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/74. Aseptic meningo-encephalitis related to dexibuprofen use in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report with MR findings.We report of a 22-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) because of obtundation and a febrile illness. These symptoms had occurred after ingestion of 16 tablets of dexibuprofen. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) disclosed multiple hyperintense white matter abnormalities without gadolinium enhancement. No infectious origin or signs of a lupus flare were found. Our report is the first description of MR findings in dexibuprofen-induced aseptic meningitis, which here is actually a case of meningo-encephalitis. patients suffering from SLE show increased susceptibility to non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced aseptic meningitis/encephalitis, an important differential diagnosis to be considered at the work-up of altered mental status.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/74. Acanthameba meningoencephalitis: a case report.A 45 year old lady presented with history of recent surgery for uterovaginal prolapse and retained vaginal tampons following which she developed chronic meningitis due to acanthameba infection. Patient responded to a regimen containing albendazole. She was left with hydrocephalus as a sequelae.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/74. A case of mycoplasma hominis meningo-encephalitis in a full-term infant: rapid recovery after start of treatment with ciprofloxacin.The role of Mycoplasma hominisas a causative agent for neonatal sepsis and meningitis is still unclear. meningitis secondary to M. hominisis well-described in the literature; however, M. hominiscan also be isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from infants without signs of meningitis. We present a case of a full-term infant with meningo-encephalitis with seizures, epileptic activity on the EEG, inflammation of brain tissue on a CT scan, and cloudy CSF containing elevated cell counts, decreased glucose levels and elevated protein levels. M. hominiswas identified from the CSF by culture and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as the only possible causative agent. Furthermore, while empiric antibiotic and antiviral treatment for neonatal sepsis had failed, the meningo-encephalitis promptly responded upon antibiotic treatment with ciprofloxacin (20 mg/kg per day i.v.), to which M. hominisis susceptible. CONCLUSION: A meningo-encephalitis developed due to infection with M. hominisin a full-term infant, from which he recovered rapidly after start of treatment with ciprofloxacin.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/74. December 2002: 19-year old male with febrile illness after jet ski accident.The December 2002 COM. A 19-year-old healthy male fell into stagnant water of the intercostal waterway (salt water of South florida), following a jet ski accident. He sustained minor superficial injuries but engulfed significant quantities of water and sediment. A few days later he developed bifrontal headaches, vomiting, a stiff neck and a temperature of 102 degrees F. A CT scan on admission without contrast was negative. The CSF had markedly elevated white count but bacterial and fungal cultures were negative. He became progressively lethargic. On the fifth day he developed seizure activity. He expired the next day despite antibiotics. Gross examination of the brain at autopsy revealed edema, cerebellar tonsillar herniation and purulent meningitis. Microscopic examination revealed a massive leptomeningeal inflammatory infiltrate composed of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and numerous histiocyte-like cells. The inflammatory infiltrate extended into the cerebral parenchyma in numerous areas also involving the cerebellum, brainstem and ventricular system. Given the exposure to stagnant water (later confirmed to be a man-made fresh water lake), and the numerous histiocytic-like cells, suspicion for an amebic etiology of the disease process was raised and the CDC identified the ameba as naegleria fowleri. infection by naegleria fowleri, a free-living ameba, occurs after exposure to polluted water in man-made fresh water lakes, ponds, swimming pools, particularly during the warm weather months when the thermophilic ameba grows well. The pathologic substrate of the infection is an acute hemorrhagic, necrotizing meningo-encephalitis mainly at the base of the brain, brainstem and cerebellum occurring in young, healthy individuals.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = meningitis (Clic here for more details about this article) |
| <- Previous || Next -> |