1/11. nitroglycerin relieves laryngospasm.Two young healthy non-asthmatic non-smoking patients developed partial laryngospasm directly post-anaesthesia extubation after routine varicocelectomy and perianal abscess drainage operations under general anaesthesia. nitroglycerin was administered intravenously in a dose of 4 microg/kg for both cases. The laryngospasm was completely relieved within a minute of nitroglycerin administration in both cases and the relief was maintained thereafter. The two cases suggest that nitroglycerin can be effective in the treatment of post-extubation partial laryngospasm in ASA (class I) patients.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = anaesthesia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/11. Acute pulmonary haemorrhage in an infant during induction of general anaesthesia.Pulmonary haemorrhage is a rare, life-threatening complication of anaesthesia. This report describes the anaesthetic management of an infant who developed laryngospasm and pulmonary haemorrhage during general anaesthesia. The infant was subsequently found to have prior exposure to a fungus, stachybotrys chartarum, which produces mycotoxins that may have produced capillary fragility in the infant's rapidly growing lungs.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 3keywords = anaesthesia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/11. Use of rapacuronium in a child with spinal muscular atrophy.We report the case of an 18-month-old girl with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) that received 1 mg x kg(-1) rapacuronium for laryngospasm during induction of anaesthesia. Within 15 min, we observed some diaphragmatic recovery and, after emergence from anaesthesia, the child demonstrated adequate respiratory efforts. However, the child showed diminished strength of the upper extremity muscles. Since the preoperative workup had revealed bulbar symptoms and laryngeal function could not be easily assessed, the patient was kept intubated until upper extremity strength had returned to preoperative levels. Small doses of midazolam had been given to reduce the patient's anxiety but the patient was extubated within 5 h without any complications. Train of four (TOF) monitoring of the right adductor pollicis muscle, performed during anaesthetic recovery, was equivocal. In SMA, muscle groups are differentially affected so that TOF responses may be inconclusive and not reflect the state of the upper airway muscles. To our knowledge, this is the first report of use of a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent in a child with SMA.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = anaesthesia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/11. Complicated negative pressure pulmonary oedema in a child with cerebral palsy.A 3-year-old child with cerebral palsy developed postextubation upper airway obstruction secondary to laryngospasm and/or masseteric spasm,which may have been triggered by the muscular spasticity and the slow recovery from inhalational anaesthesia associated with cerebral palsy. This upper airway obstruction was followed by negative pressure pulmonary oedema. The patient improved on mechanical ventilation; however, his condition was complicated with the occurrence of bilateral pneumothoraces. After release of the pneumothoraces and reexpansion of the lungs, the child developed reexpansion pulmonary oedema, culminating in acute lung injury.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = anaesthesia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/11. postoperative complications after CS spray exposure.Summary We report on airway complications associated with general anaesthesia in a subject who had been exposed to CS spray several hours before surgery. CS spray is a form of tear gas that is said to have a short half-life when the subject is removed from exposure. Induction of anaesthesia was uneventful. Marked laryngospasm occurred when the tracheal tube was removed at the end of the operation, and the anaesthetists experienced lacrimation and burning sensations typical of CS exposure. The effects on the attending anaesthetist made tracheal re-intubation difficult. There were no long-term adverse sequelae for the patient or anaesthetists. Suggestions are made for changes to anaesthetic practice and the advice given by the police about patients who have been exposed to CS spray.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = anaesthesia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/11. Laryngospasm during subarachnoid block.Central neuraxial block is associated with increased vagal tone. We report a patient who developed laryngospasm and stridor under spinal anaesthesia. This was treated successfully with i.v. atropine and fluids. We propose that the laryngospasm was secondary to increased vagal tone under the spinal anaesthetic. Such a manifestation of increased vagal tone under spinal anaesthesia has not been reported previously.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = anaesthesia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/11. Hypomagnesaemia associated with diabetes mellitus may cause laryngospasm.This report describes the case of a female diabetic patient who experienced two episodes of severe laryngospasm during maintenance of anaesthesia and also 1 h post-operatively. The most probable diagnosis considered was severe hypomagnesaemia with concomitant hypocalcaemia confirmed by electrolyte measurements. The association between hypomagnesaemia and laryngospasm is discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 0.5keywords = anaesthesia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/11. Laryngospasm-induced pulmonary oedema.A case of pulmonary oedema following laryngospasm in a healthy young woman is reported. Laryngospasm occurred following surgery and was treated with positive pressure oxygen ventilation by mask and by deepening of the level of anaesthesia. The rest of anaesthesia was uneventful. During the following hour, spontaneous respiration deteriorated progressively and ended in manifest pulmonary oedema which was treated by endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation with PEEP for some hours.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = anaesthesia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/11. Case report: pulmonary oedema secondary to laryngospasm following general anaesthesia.The development of pulmonary oedema following the relief of upper airway obstruction has been reported in a wide range of conditions including post-anaesthetic laryngospasm. Radiologists should be aware of this condition as a complication of general anaesthesia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 2.5keywords = anaesthesia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/11. Negative pressure pulmonary edema.pulmonary edema associated with negative airway pressure caused by upper airway obstruction is a most serious complications in anaesthetic practice (Tami et al, 1986). Laryngospasm associated with intubation and general anaesthesia is the most common cause of upper airway obstruction leading to negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) in the anaesthetic adult (Tami et al, 1986). Other risk factors for the development of upper airway obstruction are identified, and individuals at risk should be observed closely while they remain at risk during the post anaesthetic period. NPPE appears to be related to markedly negative intrathoracic pressure due to forced inspiration against a closed upper airway resulting in transudation of fluid from pulmonary capillaries to the interstitium. The following is a presentation of a case of a healthy young male who developed NPPE secondary to airway obstruction caused by biting down on the endotracheal tube while awakening from general anaesthesia.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = anaesthesia (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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