11/26. Varicella zoster virus is a cause of the acute retinal necrosis syndrome.We studied two blind eyes enucleated during the active phase of the acute retinal necrosis syndrome. Both eyes showed similar histopathologic findings of necrotizing retinitis, retinal arteritis, and optic neuropathy. A virus morphologically consistent with a herpes group virus was found on electron microscopy and immunocytopathologic stains showed this virus to be varicella zoster in both cases. Varicella zoster virus was cultured from the vitreous of one of the eyes. We conclude that varicella zoster virus retinal infection is a cause of the acute retinal necrosis syndrome.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = optic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
12/26. Orbital apex syndrome secondary to herpes zoster ophthalmicus.Two women, one with Hodgkin's disease and the other with no malignancy, developed herpes zoster with optic neuropathy and total ophthalmoplegia. Both patients developed an associated mild meningoencephalitis with a predominantly lymphocytic spinal fluid reaction that cleared spontaneously. The patient with Hodgkin's disease suffered a protracted course of the disease and developed a secondary bacterial endophthalmitis that necessitated an envisceration of the left eye. The patient without evidence of immunologic deficit recovered quickly with administration of corticosteroids.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = optic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
13/26. Optic neuropathy and ophthalmoplegia in herpes zoster oticus.A 55-year-old man with herpes zoster oticus and minimal cutaneous involvement developed reversible optic neuropathy, and ocular motor and cerebellar abnormalities. Serologic changes confirmed infection with herpes zoster. A demyelinating process seems likely to have been responsible for these lesions. It is suggested that herpes zoster antibody titers should be measured whenever the syndrome of polyneuritis cranialis of acute onset is being investigated.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 94.512775904235keywords = neuritis, optic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
14/26. Acute retrobulbar neuritis complicating herpes zoster ophthalmicus.Acute retrobulbar neuritis occurred 24 days after an episode of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an otherwise healthy, 19-year-old man. Profound visual loss with consecutive optic atrophy ensued. Neurologic evaluation was normal and supported the presumptive diagnosis of parainfectious Herpes zoster retrobulbar neuritis.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 787.19442218567keywords = neuritis, retrobulbar, optic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
15/26. Granulomatous angiitis of the brain with herpes zoster and varicella encephalitis.We studied a case of herpes zoster with varicella encephalitis in which a granulomatous necrotizing vasculitis was present in the optic nerve and brain. The vasculitis was observed even in foci devoid of inflammatory reaction in surrounding tissue, and was therefore interpreted as a primary vasculitis caused by varicella. To our knowledge, this is the first time a granulomatous vasculitis has been described as an integral part of varicella encephalitis, although others have made similar observations in the eye and even in viscera. These findings support the recent suggestion that so-called granulomatous angiitis of the CNS may be caused by the varicella virus.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = optic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
16/26. herpes zoster ophthalmicus with retrobulbar neuritis. A case report.In ophthalmic zoster, involvement of the optic nerve is very rare, and most of the published cases have resulted in optic atrophy. This case report presents a woman who developed a severe visual loss in her right eye 4 weeks after the primary attack. Computer tomography and ultrasonic B-scan showed a spindle-shaped thickening of the optic nerve. Eight months later the visual acuity was 2/60 and the optic nerve showed atrophy. The computer tomography was normal, and the Visual Evoked Potential had reduced amplitudes. Earlier reports and pathogenesis are discussed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 528.12961479044keywords = neuritis, retrobulbar, optic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
17/26. The progression of the ocular abnormalities of herpes zoster. Histopathologic observations of nine cases.The ocular pathologic findings from nine patients who suffered from herpes zoster ophthalmicus are described. autopsy material from four patients who died within weeks of the illness and ocular specimens from five patients who required surgery for complications of the disease months to years later demonstrated how the ocular abnormalities caused by zoster may progress in severity with time. The changes ranged from superficial keratitis and mild uveitis to severe granulomatous inflammation of the ciliary body, choroid, and optic nerve within the first several weeks of the disease. In some instances damage secondary to vasculitis predominated, and in others inflammation directly involved ocular tissue. In some chronically affected eyes, granulomatous reaction to Descemet's membrane persisted for years, whereas in others the inflammatory reaction apparently resolved, allowing successful penetrating keratoplasty to be performed in one case.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = optic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
18/26. herpes zoster ophthalmicus and the orbital apex syndrome.herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) commonly causes isolated ophthalmoplegic syndromes. Visual loss caused by optic neuritis secondary to HZO can be reversible or irreversible. HZO rarely presents as an orbital apex syndrome, when an association with meningo-encephalitis has been reported. We report a case of orbital apex syndrome secondary to HZO treated with systemic steroids and acyclovir. Our patient suffered no systemic complications and displayed a rapid resolution of optic neuropathy. We discuss this case in the light of previous reports and explore the possible pathogenic mechanisms involved.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 218.9466184024keywords = optic neuritis, neuritis, optic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
19/26. Bilateral retrobulbar neuritis following unilateral herpes zoster ophthalmicus.A 48-year-old male diagnosed with right-onset herpes zoster ophthalmicus developed visual acuity loss in the left eye during the following 3 weeks. Visually evoked cortical potential recordings revealed a marked increase in P100 latency and a marked decrease in its amplitude in both eyes. Pattern electroretinography suggested diffuse pathology with reduced positive and negative components. A possible transsynaptic or intraneural spread of the varicella-zoster virus in the optic nerve might be responsible for this unexplained contralateral loss of visual acuity.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 525.12961479044keywords = neuritis, retrobulbar, optic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
20/26. herpes zoster ophthalmicus with orbital pseudotumor syndrome complicated by optic nerve infarction and cerebral granulomatous angiitis: MR-pathologic correlation.The authors describe a 41-year-old woman with herpes zoster ophthalmicus and extensive intracranial and orbital involvement as documented by MR and pathologically. MR showed all of the lesions that led to the ophthalmoplegia and pseudotumor syndrome, the periaxial infarct of the distal optic nerve, pontine infarcts, and granulomatous angiitis of the meningeal vessels. MR is useful in both detection and monitoring of the disease.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 5keywords = optic (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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