Cases reported "Heart Injuries"

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1/246. High-voltage injury resulting in permanent right heart dysfunction.

    This report describes the case of a 27-year-old man who survived a high-voltage chest injury that resulted in acute biventricular dysfunction. Although the prognosis is generally poor, complete recovery of cardiac function over days to weeks has been documented. This case is unique because the patient regained complete recovery of left ventricular function over 3 months, but had persistent right heart dysfunction on serial echocardiographic evaluations.
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keywords = chest
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2/246. commotio cordis: sudden cardiac death in athletes.

    commotio cordis due to blunt trauma to the precordium is a rare cause of death in young athletes, occurring less frequently than all of the other athletics-related deaths. Several measures, such as the use of safety baseballs and the use of chest protectors, can help protect young athletes from commotio cordis. In general, sudden cardiac death in athletes is receiving increasing attention from the public as a result of recent deaths of high-profile athletes. Sudden cardiac death, however, is rare, with an estimated 1 out of 200,000 high school athletes at risk each year. However, the personal, physiological, and cardiovascular benefits of athletics far outweigh the risks. Therefore, the message to parents is to allow their children to participate in athletics because the benefits far outweigh the risks.
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keywords = chest
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3/246. Right ventricular rupture during closed-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation after pneumonectomy with pericardiotomy: a case report.

    SETTING: The collapse of a patient immediately after right pneumonectomy with right pericardiotomy resulted in closed-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation, subsequent thoracotomy, and demise secondary to right ventricular rupture. Interventions: Closed-chest resuscitation with opened and closed chest tubes and medical and fluid interventions were inadequate, necessitating subsequent thoracotomy. MAIN RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Right ventricular rupture during resuscitation was found during subsequent thoracotomy. This rupture and inadequacy of closed-chest resuscitation were felt to be associated with the operative pneumonectomy and pericardiotomy. Pathophysiology and the role of open-heart vs. closed-chest resuscitative measures are discussed.
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ranking = 9
keywords = chest
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4/246. Blunt chest trauma and the heart.

    The Green Lane Hospital experience of patients presenting with cardiac damage as a result of chest trauma has been reviewed following the recent referral of a patient with tricuspid regurgitation due to trauma. A retrospective search of surgical records was made over the preceding 28 years which yielded a further nine patients. Our group has experienced a number of unusual causes of non-fatal cardiac trauma that have followed accidents. In nine out of ten cases closed chest injury resulted in damage to the heart. In some, diagnosis had been delayed for years. echocardiography is a very useful diagnostic tool. Surgery was undertaken in all cases.
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ranking = 6
keywords = chest
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5/246. life-threatening nail gun injuries.

    The use of pneumatic and explosive cartridge-activated nail guns is common in the construction industry. The ease and speed of nailing these tools afford enhance productivity at the cost of increased potential for traumatic injury. Although extremity injuries are most common, life-threatening injuries to the head, neck, chest, or abdomen and pelvis may occur. During a 20-month period, eight potentially life-threatening nail gun injuries were admitted to a Level I trauma center, including injuries to the brain, eye, neck, heart, lung, and femoral artery. Mechanism of injury included nail ricochet, nail gun misuse due to inadequate training, and successful suicide. Nail guns have significant potential for causing severe debilitating injury and death. These findings indicate a need for improved safety features and user education. The various types of nail guns, their ballistic potential, and techniques for operative management are discussed.
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keywords = chest
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6/246. Tricuspid insufficiency and interatrial septum rupture: a cause of persistent systemic hypoxemia after blunt chest trauma.

    The case of a 45-year-old man with severe tricuspid insufficiency and interatrial septum rupture caused by a car accident is described. The patient had a rupture of the anterior papillary muscle of the tricuspid valve and right-to-left shunt through an interatrial defect with severe hypoxemia that was difficult to distinguish from that caused by pulmonary damage. Transesophageal echocardiography was extremely useful for early diagnosis.
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ranking = 4
keywords = chest
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7/246. Atrioventricular septal defect following blunt chest trauma.

    The authors describe an acquired atrioventricular septal defect that has resulted from a blunt chest trauma. Besides being an uncommon traumatic heart injury, this case has the particularities of the non-involvement of other adjacent anatomical structures and the long delay between the accident and the occurrence of the myocardial rupture.
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ranking = 5
keywords = chest
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8/246. A fatal nail gun injury--an unusual ricochet?

    An 18-year-old construction worker suddenly collapsed while handling a power-actuated nail gun and died shortly after. A neat, almost circular puncture wound was found on the front of his left chest. No fire-arm residues were detected on the surrounding skin. The police stated that it was an accidental injury, at a construction site, where a nail fired from a nail gun by the deceased had deflected off the wall and struck him on the front of the chest. Since the entry wound appeared to be a neat hole, and that too on the front of the left chest overlying the heart area, there was reluctance on the part of the pathologist to accept it as an accidental injury due to a ricochet. A visit to the scene, interrogation of witnesses, examination of the alleged tool and post-mortem X-ray of the deceased were undertaken prior to autopsy. A bent nail was found in the heart. The scene visit and the subsequent autopsy revealed that the nail took a roughly circular flightpath after it had struck the wall, all the while travelling with its pointed end directed forward. Within the body too, the nail maintained the same path. Various medicolegal issues are discussed pertaining to nail-gun injuries. The importance of a visit to the scene, examination of the alleged tool, interrogation of witnesses and the X-ray of the body, all prior to autopsy, are emphasized. The conclusion was: accidental death due to the unusual ricochet of a nail.
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ranking = 3
keywords = chest
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9/246. Mitral and tricuspid valve rupture after moderate blunt chest trauma.

    We present a patient with rupture of both atrioventricular valves in a previously healthy adult man who sustained a 5-foot fall. The mechanism of injury was such that it would not necessarily raise an adequate index of suspicion for valvular damage had valvular rupture not occurred. The usefulness of perioperative echocardiography is highlighted.
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ranking = 4
keywords = chest
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10/246. Cardiac contusion: two case vignettes.

    When patients with blunt chest trauma and suspected cardiac contusion are brought to the emergency department, focus on detecting subtle signs of myocardial dysfunction. Obtain the important first EKG, monitor for arrhythmia development, and assess for signs of failure of the right side of the heart.
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ranking = 1
keywords = chest
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