1/10. Occupational contact urticaria caused by airborne methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride.Acid anhydrides are low-molecular weight chemicals known to cause respiratory irritancy and allergy. skin allergy has on rare occasions been reported. A total of 3 subjects with occupational exposure to methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA) and hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) from an epoxy resin system were studied to evaluate the nature of their reported skin and nose complaints (work-related anamnesis, specific IgE, contact urticaria examinations, and ambient monitoring). Using a Pharmacia CAP system with a HHPA human serum albumin conjugate, specific IgE antibody was detected in serum from 1 (33.3%) out of the 3 workers. One unsensitized worker displayed nasal pain and rhinorrhea only when loading liquid epoxy resins into the pouring-machine (2.2 mg MHHPA/m3 and 1.2 mg HHPA/m3), probably being an irritant reaction. Two workers had work-related symptoms at relatively low levels of exposure (geometric mean 32-103 microg MHHPA/m3 and 18-59 microg HHPA/m3); one complained of only rhinitis, and the other was sensitized against HHPA and displayed both rhinitis and contact urticaria (the face and neck). The worker's skin symptoms were evidently due to airborne contact, since she had not had any skin contact with liquid epoxy resin or mixtures of MHHPA and HHPA. These urticaria symptoms were confirmed by a 20-min closed patch test for MHHPA, but not by that for HHPA. The causative agent was considered to be MHHPA, although the specific IgE determination to MHHPA was not performed.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
2/10. Irritant dermatitis from diallylglycol carbonate monomer in the optical industry: clinical and experimental studies of cutaneous tolerance and chemical investigations.The diallylglycol carbonate monomer causes dermatitis due to irritation in the optical industry. Cutaneous intolerance may effect as many as 70% of the exposed persons employed. Almost all control subjects who where patch-tested showed irritation at a 2% concentration. The histological effects were an acute oedema with inflammation of the papillary dermis, and diapedesis of neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Experiments on animals confirmed the irritant nature of the product; in the rabbit, a single application produced irritation, but to a lesser degree than in humans. Tests for possible sensitizing effects in the guinea pig have given negative results. Chemical analysis of the monomer revealed the presence of diallyl carbonate and acrolein. Allyl alcohol was detected in only one case. patch tests were carried out in a group of control subjects with acrolein, diallyl carbonate and allyl alcohol. The histological appearance of the lesions caused by acrolein was quite different from that due to diallyglycol carbonate. It is probable that the irritant is the diallylglycol carbonate monomer itself.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
3/10. Knobbly granuloma annulare (GA) of the fingers of a milkman--a possible relationship to his work.We report a case of an unusual presentation of granuloma annulare involving the fingers of both hands. The configuration and site is probably related to the particular nature of the man's work as a milkman.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
4/10. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis to isophorone diamine (IPD) used as an epoxy resin hardener.Three patients employed in the manufacture of plastic tennis rackets developed allergic contact dermatitis to isophorone diamine (IPD), an epoxy resin hardener, and concomitantly to epoxy resin. patch tests were positive to IPD at 1, 2 and 5% in olive oil and to IPD at 1, 2 and 5% in ethanol. Investigations were conducted in control subjects to confirm the allergic nature of reactions. A review of the literature about IPD and related compounds is presented.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
5/10. Airborne irritant contact dermatitis due to synthetic fibres from an air-conditioning filter.We describe 8 cases of occupational airborne irritant contact dermatitis in intensive care unit (ICU) employees caused by synthetic (polypropylene and polyethylene) fibres from an air-conditioning filter. Not until a workplace investigation was conducted, was it possible to clarify the unusual sequence of events. High filter pressure in the intensive care air-conditioning system, maintained to establish an outward airflow and prevent microorganisms from entering the ward, probably caused fibres from the filter to become airborne. Upon contact with air-exposed skin, fibres subsequently provoked skin irritation. Test periods in the ICU with varying filter pressures, in an attempt to improve environmental conditions, led to even higher filter pressure levels and more complaints. The sometimes-very-low humidity might have contributed to development of skin irritation. The fact that most patients recovered quickly after treatment with emollients and changing the filters made it most likely that the airborne dermatitis was of an irritant nature.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
6/10. Occupational contact dermatitis due to acrylonitrile.Within DSM Chemicals BV, a producer of acrylonitrile, skin complaints are frequent. The majority of these are of an irritant nature, while a smaller portion is based on acquired allergies. Allergological examination revealed 5 employees with an allergy to acrylonitrile. 1 of these subjects also developed paraesthesiae in the skin sites affected, a finding not previously described for acrylonitrile. In the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT), acrylonitrile showed strong allergenic potential. For prevention and treatment of contact allergologic disorders, close cooperation between occupational health officer, dermatologist and toxicologist in chemical companies is recommended.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
7/10. Occupational radiodermatitis from Ir192 exposure.3 cases of occupational radiodermatitis from Ir192 exposure in personnel handling a gamma ray projector in industrial radiography are presented. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically. The nature and use of the industrial machines are described.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
8/10. asthma and other symptoms in cinnamon workers.Cinnamon, which is the bark of the cinnamomum zeylanicum tree, contains cinnamic aldehyde, which is an irritant. Workers processing cinnamon before export are exposed to much cinnamon dust. Forty such workers with an average of four years' service in the industry were examined. Thirty five workers (87.5%) had symptoms, nine having had asthma (22.5%). Other symptoms, probably related to the irritant nature of cinnamon dust, were irritation of skin (50%), loss of hair (37.5%), and smarting of eyes while at work (22.5%). Loss of weight (65%) was the commonest finding. Contact dermatitis which has previously been described was not found in any of the workers.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
9/10. Airborne contact urticaria due to sodium benzoate in a pharmaceutical manufacturing plant.Three workers exposed to airborne contact with sodium benzoate (SB) in a pharmaceutical plant developed transient urticaria related to skin contamination with SB. Patch test responses to SB and benzoic acid (BA), without occlusion, were similar to those of three previously unexposed controls in keeping with the nonimmunologic nature of the reaction. sweating, which lowers skin pH and increases topical BA concentration, appeared to increase the susceptibility to urticaria in two of the three workers. ventilation and hygiene control methods designed to reduce SB skin contamination eliminated the problem in the workplace.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
10/10. Occupational contact dermatitis to propacetamol. Allergological and chemical investigations in two new cases.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In 2 new cases of occupational contact dermatitis due to a recently described allergen (propacetamol), a prodrug which is a soluble diethylglycidyl ester of paracetamol, an allergological investigation was performed to elucidate the nature of the allergen involved in the propacetamol contact sensitivity. OBSERVATIONS: Two nurses with eczema of the hands and face had positive patch tests to Pro-Dafalgan. Every day the nurses prepared injections of Pro-Dafalgan (propacetamol dissolved in sodium citrate). The sensitization was due to propacetamol and not to the solvent. To elucidate which part of propacetamol was responsible for the sensitization, the 2 nurses were patch-tested with diethylamine, paracetamol (diluted in different vehicles) and some of their chemical analogues and potential impurities which were all negative. CONCLUSIONS: Propacetamol induces airborne contact dermatitis with no evidence of sensitization to paracetamol or diethylglycine, possibly because of either the presence of unknown impurities and/or an antigenic structure related to the covalent bond of the prodrug.- - - - - - - - - - ranking = 1keywords = nature (Clic here for more details about this article) |
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